(完整版)记叙文常考知识点及题型.pdf
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1、记叙文基本知识1、词句段赏析(含义、作用)2、标题分析(含义、作用)3、梳理情节,概括内容。4、分析人物形象。5、提炼主旨。6、结合实际谈看法。记叙文常考知识点及题型一、表达方式。二、修辞。三、表现手法。四、描写方法。(重点:环境描写)五、记叙顺序及其作用。(重点:插叙的作用)六、标题的含义七、标题的作用八、开头段的作用九、中间段的作用十、结尾段的作用十一、赏析句子十二、赏析词语十三、概括主要内容。十四、梳理文章情节。十五、概括人物性格。十六、提炼行文线索。一、表达方式记叙、议论、说明、描写、抒情。二、修辞手法的作用1、比喻:是形象鲜明突出,使说理形象化、同宿易懂。虚化的事物具体化。2、拟人:
2、赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作,达到形象生动的效果。答题格式:运用了的修辞,生动形象地写出了(对象)(特征)名 师 归 纳 总 结|学 业 有 成,更 上 一 层 楼 第 1 页,共 5 页3、夸张:突出强调某一事物或感受,给人鲜明、深刻的印象。4、排比:丰富语言内容,增强气势,加强语气,(抒情酣畅淋漓,使感情更加强烈),加强表达效果。5、对偶:使语句简练工整,音韵和谐。6、反复:突出强调,加强语气。7、设问:提醒读者注意,引导思考,引出下文,承上启下,使文章波澜起伏有变化。8、反问:发人深省,其强调作用,增强肯定/否定语气,引出下文,承上启下,强烈地表达的感情。9、对比:把和对比,突出
3、强调了三、表现手法及其作用表现手法包括:象征、想象、对比,衬托、伏笔、铺垫、以小见大、虚实结合、借景抒情、前后照应、欲扬先抑、巧设悬念等。(一般不包括修辞手法)1、对比:把和对比,突出强调了2、象征:化抽象为具体,意蕴深刻,委婉含蓄。3、铺垫、伏笔:为下文埋下伏笔/做铺垫,使文章结构紧凑巧妙。4、照应:使文章情节完整、结构严谨、中心突出。5、悬念:吸引读者阅读兴趣,推动情节发展。6、欲扬先抑:突出强调的特点,令人印象深刻。7、借景抒情:通过描写巧妙抒发了作者的感情,情景交融,隽永优美,耐人寻味。四、描写方法。外貌描写、语言描写、动作描写、神态描写、心理描写、环境描写(高频考点)。(注:人物描写
4、通常为前五种)环境描写的作用“一渲染一推动两烘托四交代”一渲染:渲染了的气氛。一推动:为下文埋伏笔/做铺垫,推动情节发展。两烘托:烘托了人物的心情/性格。四交代:交代故事发生的时间、地点、天气、时代背景等。暗示人物命运或故事结局。名 师 归 纳 总 结|学 业 有 成,更 上 一 层 楼 第 2 页,共 5 页文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5
5、HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O
6、8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10
7、 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5
8、W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4
9、文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:C
10、N10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X
11、6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4五、记叙顺序及其作用记叙顺序包括:顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙(也叫平叙)常考类型:1、倒叙:设置悬念,吸引读者阅读兴趣。2、插叙:高频考点,详情见后页。3、补叙:在叙事之后再补充叙述事件的结果等内容(注意与插叙区分开)。起到补充说明,使文章情节更完整的作用。4、可以把头绪纷繁,错综复杂的事情写的眉目清楚,有条不紊,常用于长篇作品。插叙段的作用1、补充交代故事的起因、背景。2、丰富人物性格,突出人物形象。3、与其它内容形成对比,突出文章中心。4、为下文
12、做铺垫。5、使文章曲折有致,富于变化。六、标题的含义表层含义+深层含义七、标题的作用。1、点明/暗示中心。2、概括文章主要内容。3、行文线索。4、点明写作对象。5、设置悬念,吸引读者。6、一语双关。7、借用/化用诗句、歌词等:语言优美,富有诗意、有新意,吸引读者。8、采用修辞:形象生动,吸引读者。八、开头段的作用。内容上:1、开门见山,交代写作对象。2、点明/暗示主旨,奠定全文感情基调。3、若是环境描写,则按环境描写作用答。结构上:1、总领全文或引出下文。名 师 归 纳 总 结|学 业 有 成,更 上 一 层 楼 第 3 页,共 5 页文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E1
13、0 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R
14、5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F
15、4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:
16、CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4
17、X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5 HH9S6O8X3E10 ZQ3R5W6N3F4文档编码:CN10P4X6Z1Z5
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