(完整word版)儿科护理学考试试题及答案(1).pdf

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1、2016 年度儿科护理学试题学号姓名(专业(类)日午考)考试时间：90 分钟题号一二三四五合分合分人复查人应 得分40 10 20 18 12 100 实得分评卷人一、单项选择题：（每小题 1 分，共 40 分）1、.麻疹最常见的并发症是（）A 肺炎B 喉炎C 心肌炎D 脑炎E.结核2、急性肾炎患儿恢复上学的标准是A 水肿消退，肉眼血尿消失B 水肿消退，尿常规正常C 尿常规正常，血压正常D 肉眼血尿消失，血沉正常E 水肿消退，尿蛋白正常3、肺炎患儿的护理措施是（）A、疏通呼吸道 B、正确输氧 C、维持正常体温 D、以上都是4、肺炎患儿的护理诊断不正确的是（）A、活动无耐力 B、体液不足C、清理

2、呼吸道无效 D、体温过高5、婴儿停用洋地黄药物的指征是（）A、心率 120 次/分 B、心率 100 次/分 C、心率 80 次/分 D 心率 60次/分6、不是肺炎并心衰的临床表现的是（）A、两眼上翻，前囟门隆起 B、极度呼吸困难，烦躁 C、心率增快，16-180次/分 D、肝脏增大7、肺炎鼻导管给氧的方法是（）A、氧流量 0.5-1L/min，氧浓度不超过 40%B、氧流量 2-4L/min，氧浓度不超过 50%C、氧流量 4-6L/min，氧浓度不超过 60%D、以上都不是8、引起新生儿化脓性脑膜炎最常见的病原菌是A 脑膜炎奈瑟菌B 流感嗜血菌C 肺炎链球菌D 大肠埃希菌E 铜绿假单胞菌

3、9、2 岁内小儿心尖搏动的位置是（）A、胸骨左缘第 4 肋间隙锁骨中线外12cm处 B、胸骨左缘第 4 肋间隙锁骨中线上初 C、胸骨左缘第 5 肋间隙锁骨中线外12cm D、胸骨左缘第 5 肋间隙锁骨中线内 0.51cm 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页，共 8 页 -10、金葡菌肺炎最易发生的并发症是（）A、化脓性脑膜炎 B、呼吸衰竭 C、脓胸、脓气胸 D、胸腔积液11、6 个月 6 岁小儿贫血的诊断标准是（）A、Hb低于 90g/L B、Hb低于 100g/L C、Hb低于 110g/L D、Hb低于 120g/L 12、法洛四联症脑缺氧发作立即取（）A、半坐卧位 B、头

4、低位 C、胸膝卧位 D、抬高下肢 15-30 13、急性肾炎患儿肾衰竭时查血电解质要特别注意的是A 钠B 钾C 钙D 氯E 镁14、先天性心脏病患儿饮食护理不妥的是（）A.给蛋白质、维生素丰富的易消化食物B.经常调换品种增进食欲C.鼓励小儿每餐尽量多进食D.有水肿时适当限制食盐的摄人E.供给适量的蔬菜、水果15、流行性腮腺炎的临床表现不包括（）A 急性起病B 可能并发脑膜脑炎C 腮腺肿大以耳垂为中心D 腮腺导管口有脓液溢出E 腮腺周围组织水肿16、引起新生儿化脓性脑膜炎最常见的疾病是（）A 头颅骨折B 皮肤窦道C 中耳炎D 脐炎E 呼吸道感染17、惊厥发作时不妥的处理措施是（）A 立即送往医院

5、B 防止受伤C 立即止惊D 去除诱因E 防止窒息18、小儿时期最常见的贫血是（）A 营养性缺铁性贫血B 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血C 溶血性贫血D 再生障碍性贫血E 感染性贫血19、急性肾小球肾炎患儿水肿最先发生的部位是（）A 眼睑B 腹部C 腰部D 阴囊 E 下肢20、小儿惊厥最常见的原因是（）A 窒息B 新生儿低血糖C.维生素缺乏D 癫痫E 感染21、化脓性脑膜炎腰椎穿刺后应嘱患儿去枕平卧（）A.2 小时B.3 小时C.4 小时D.5 小时E.6 小时22、新生儿中度贫血的标准是Hb（）A.120g/L B.90-120g/L C.60-90g/L D.30-60g/L E.30g/L 23、急

6、性肾炎患儿出现严重循环充血时有判断价值的表现为（）A 烦躁不安B 血压增高C 水肿加重D 端坐呼吸E 全身乏力24、小儿出生时即存在且终生不消失的反射是（）A 觅食反射B 角膜反射C 腹壁反射D 提睾反射E 吸吮反射25、典型急性肾炎患儿的临床表现中持续时间最长的是（）A 水肿B 少尿C 血尿D 高血压E 氮质血症26、婴幼儿易患呼吸道感染，主要缺乏的免疫球蛋白是（）A.IgA B.IgD C.IgE D.IgG E.SlgA 27、急性肾小球肾炎出现水肿的原因主要是（）精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共 8 页 -文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6

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8、3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6

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10、3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6

11、ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z

12、3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6

13、ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8A 肾小球滤过下降B 肾小管重吸收减少C 静脉回流受阻D 血浆胶体渗透压下降E 血管内压力增高28、3 个月以下小儿患化脓性脑膜炎，下列哪种表现不明显（）A 哭声高尖B 前囟饱满C 脑膜刺激征D 两眼凝视E 肌张力增高29、麻疹患儿无并发症者具有传染性的时段为（）A 出疹期B 出疹前 10 天至出疹后 5天C、接触麻疹后 7 天至出疹后5 天D 出疹前 10 天至出疹后 10 天E 出疹前 5 天至出疹后 10 天

14、30、下列表现中对麻疹具有早期诊断意义的是（）A 发热B 麻疹黏膜斑C 典型皮疹D 淋巴结肿大E 检测到麻疹 IgM 型抗体31、与化脓性脑膜炎脑脊液特点不相符的是（）A 外观混浊B 压力增加C 蛋白质含量减少D 细胞数量多E 糖、氯化物减少32、急性肾小球肾炎的临床特点主要是（）A.血尿、蛋白尿、高血压B.血尿、水肿、高血压C.蛋白尿、水肿、高血压D.蛋白尿、水肿、高脂血症E.蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、高血压33、婴幼儿呼吸特点是（）A 胸式呼吸B 胸腹式呼吸C 腹式呼吸D 呼吸潜力大E 呼吸频率慢34、病毒性心肌炎主要体征是（）A.心尖区收缩期杂音B.奔马律C.心包磨擦音D.心尖区第一心音低钝和

15、期前收缩E.肺动脉瓣区第二心音减弱35、营养性缺铁性贫血的治疗，不妥的是（）A.添加含铁辅食B.加服维生素C C.口服硫酸亚铁D.治疗胃肠疾病E.反复少量输血36、小儿惊厥最常见的原因是（）A 窒息B 新生儿低血糖C.维生素缺乏D 癫痫E 感染37、.颅内压增高最典型的呕吐为（）A 溢奶B 呛奶C 吐泡沫样物D 喷射状吐奶E.恶心伴呕吐38、防治营养性缺铁性贫血，不妥的是（）A 加强哺乳期母亲的营养B 调整饮食，注意喂养方式C 防治腹泻等疾病D 优选蛋黄、豆类、肉类等辅食E 同时添加含钙食物、遵医嘱口服铁剂时，错误的是（）A.宜从小剂量开始B.与维生素C 同服C.加服钙剂以利吸收D.不宜与牛乳

16、、茶水同服E.在两顿饭中间服用、引起病毒性心肌炎的最常见病毒是（）A.柯萨奇病毒B 组B.柯萨奇病毒C.埃可病毒D.腺病毒E.流感和副流感病毒二、填空：（每空 0.5 分，共 10 分）高热惊厥的好发年龄是。精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 3 页，共 8 页 -文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编

17、码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D

18、4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编

19、码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D

20、4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编

21、码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D

22、4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8急性肾小球肾炎严重表现多发生在起病后。急性肾炎患儿在病程早期突发惊厥，应考虑。4.化脓

23、性脑膜炎腰椎穿刺后应嘱患儿去枕平卧。营养性缺铁性贫血多见于。婴幼儿易出现呼吸不规则的原因主要是。水痘皮疹的特点是。动脉导管未闭表现的是。惊厥发作时不妥的处理措施是。10典型麻疹的出疹顺序为。11重症肺炎患儿发生严重腹胀、肠鸣音消失的常见原因是。12小儿结核病致死的主要原因是。13重症肺炎面罩给氧，氧流量每分钟应为。14、结核菌素试验（+）表现为。15、婴儿化脓性脑膜炎最常见的侵入途径是。16.小儿惊厥最常见的类型是。17、咽结合膜热的病原体是，疱疹性咽峡炎是感染引起。18、中毒型菌痢患儿隔离时间是。19、口服铁剂的最佳时间是。三、名词解释：（每题 4 分，共 20 分）1.营养性缺铁性贫血：2

24、.肾病综合征：3.急性呼吸衰竭:4、化脓性脑膜炎：5、惊厥：四、简答题：（共 18分）1.急性肾炎的典型表现有哪些？（4 分）精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页，共 8 页 -文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码

25、:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4

26、X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码

27、:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4

28、X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码

29、:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4

30、X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G82.请说出化脓性脑膜炎常见护理诊断/问题？（4 分）3.请说出中毒型细菌性痢疾患儿的护理措施？（10 分）五、病例分析：（每问 2 分，共 12 分）患儿、男、5 岁。

31、3 周前患扁桃体炎，近日有眼睑水肿、少尿、尿液呈洗肉水样。今因头痛、恶心、呕吐1 天，抽搐 4 小时入院。体查：T36.80C,P:130 次/分，Bp:150/105mmHg。浅昏迷，双瞳等大等圆，直径3mm，对光反射迟钝，心、肺、腹无异常，双侧巴氏征阳性，脑脊液外观清，蛋白（+），白细胞 10106/L，血液检查：ASO 增高，血沉增快，C3降低。请问：1、该患儿可能的临床诊断？2、该患儿的主要护理诊断（请写2 个）3、主要的护理措施有哪些？患儿女，6 个月。主因咳嗽，咳痰2 天，喘息伴发绀1 小时入院，入院体温 37.9 ，心率 150 次分。呼吸 68 次分，呼吸困难，口周发绀，鼻扇、

32、三凹征明显，双肺可闻及大量的细湿锣音，X 片示双肺大小不等的片状阴影。请问：1、护士考虑该患儿最可能的诊断是？2、护士提出的最主要的护理问题是？3、护士首先应给予的护理措施是？精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 5 页，共 8 页 -文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR

33、3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G

34、8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR

35、3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G

36、8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR

37、3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G

38、8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8儿科护理学试题答案一、选择题：（每小题 1 分，共 40 分）1.A 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A

39、8.D 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.A 20.D 21.E 22.B 23.D 24.B 25.C 26.E 27.A 28.C 29.C 30.E 31.C 32.B 33.C 34.B 35.E 36.E 37.D 38.E 39.C 40.B 二、填空题：（每空 0.5 分，共 10 分）1、6 个月 3 岁2、第一周3、高血压脑病4、6 小时5、6 个月至 2 岁6、呼吸中枢发育不完善7、分批出现8、毛细血管搏动9、立即送往医院10、耳后发际面部 颈部躯干四肢11、中毒性肠麻痹12、结核性脑膜炎13、24L 1

40、4、硬结直径 20mm 以上15、呼吸道感染16、高热惊厥17、腺病毒、柯萨奇病毒18、临床症状消失，大便培养阴性19、两餐之间三、名词解释：（每题 4 分，共 20 分）1.营养性缺铁性贫血：为体内缺乏铁质，致使血红蛋白合成减少而引起的一种小细胞低色素性贫血。2.肾病综合征：是多种病因所致肾小球基底膜通透性增高，导致大量蛋白尿的一组临床症候群，以大量蛋白尿、低白蛋白血症、高胆固醇血症和不同程度的水肿为特点。3.急性呼吸衰竭:是指患者由于某种原因在短期内呼吸功能迅速失去代偿，出现严重的缺氧和呼吸性酸中毒者.4、化脓性脑膜炎：是由各种化脓性细菌感染引起的急性脑膜炎症，是小儿、尤其婴幼儿时期常见的

41、中枢神经系统感染性疾病。5、惊厥：是指全身或局部骨骼肌群突然发生不自主收缩，常伴意识障碍。精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 6 页，共 8 页 -文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2

42、D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档

43、编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2

44、D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档

45、编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2

46、D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档

47、编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8四、简答题：1.急性肾炎的典型表现有哪些？（4 分）水肿 少尿 血尿 高血压2.请说出化脓性脑膜炎常见护理诊断/问题？（4 分）体温过高与细菌感染有关潜在并发症颅内压增高有受伤的危险与惊厥发作有关营养失调

48、：低于机体需要量与摄入不足、机体消耗增多有关焦虑:（家长）3.请说出中毒型细菌性痢疾患儿的护理措施？（10 分）2 分(1).降低体温监测体温变化，温水浴、酒精擦浴、冰袋或冷盐水灌肠等方法降温必要时遵医嘱药物降温或亚冬眠疗法保持空气流通，温湿度适宜2 分(2).维持有效血液循环密切监测生命体征、神志、面色、肢端温度、尿量等，适当保暖迅速建立并维持静脉通道遵医嘱抗休克治疗2 分(3).防治脑水肿和呼吸衰竭密切观察病情变化，保持室内安静，减少刺激遵医嘱使用镇静剂、脱水剂、利尿剂等抽搐患儿的护理：注意安全，防止外伤。保持呼吸道通畅，吸氧，做好抢救准备，必要时遵医嘱使用呼吸机2 分（4）预防感染传播采

49、取消化道隔离培养患儿良好的卫生习惯指导对患儿食具煮沸消毒15min，粪便用 1%含氯石灰澄清液浸泡或沸水浸泡消毒后才能倾入一般下水道或粪池，患儿尿布和衬裤煮过或用沸水浸泡后再洗。1 分（5）心理护理评估患儿及家长的心理状态，多与家长沟通，提供心理支持1 分（6）健康教育患儿及家长：疾病的防治知识加强卫生宣教，如定期对饮食行业和托幼机构员工进行大便培养，及早发现带菌者并予以治疗搞好环境卫生，加强水源、饮食及粪便管理，积极灭蝇等五、病例分析题：（每问 2 分，共 12 分）患儿、男、5 岁。3 周前患扁桃体炎，近日有眼睑水肿、少尿、尿液呈洗肉水样。今因头痛、恶心、呕吐1 天，抽搐4小时入院。体查：

50、T36.80C,P:130 次/分，Bp:150/105mmHg。浅昏迷，双瞳等大等圆，直径3mm，对光反射迟钝，心、肺、腹无异常，双侧巴氏征阳性，脑脊液外观清，蛋白（+），白细胞10106/L，血液检查：ASO增高，血沉增快，C3降低。2 分 1可能的临床诊断：急性肾小球肾炎并高血压脑病精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 7 页，共 8 页 -文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档编码:CZ4Z3D6S1C1 HR3N2D4X2D6 ZY4H7F8N3G8文档