2018MBA英语真题-英语二(试题).pdf

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1、2018 年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语二）Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an

2、inherent need to1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University

3、of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students willingness to 4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would 6an elect

4、ric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew w

5、hat would 8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chic

6、ago.Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances,for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15,however.In a final experiment,participants who were enc

7、ouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor.Thinking about long-term 20 is key to redu

8、cing the possible negative effects of curiosity.Hsee says.In other words,dont read online comments.1.A.resolve B.protect C.discuss D.ignore 2.A.refuse B.wait C.seek D.regret 3.A.rise B.last C.mislead D.hurt 4.A.alert B.tie C.expose D.treat 5.A.message B.trial C.review D.concept 6.A.remove B.weaken C

9、.deliver D.interrupt 7.A.Unless B.If C.Though D.When 8.A.happen B.continue C.disappear D.change 9.A.rather than B.such as C.regardless of D.owing to 10.A.disagree B.forgive C.forget D.discover 11.A.pay B.marriage C.food D.schooling 12.A.begin with B.rest on C.learn from D.lead to 13.A.withdrawal B.i

10、nquiry C.persistence D.diligence 14.A.self-destructive B.self-reliant C.self-evident D.self-deceptive 15.A.resist B.define C.replace D.trace 16.A.predict B.overlook C.design D.conceal 17.A.remember B.choose C.promise D.pretend 18.A.relief B.plan C.outcome D.duty 19.A.whether B.why C.where D.how 20.A

11、.limitations B.investments C.strategies D.consequences Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1 It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as

12、 though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering.He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that s

13、tudents should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything.Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of dis

14、carded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he s also found a kind of insidious prejudice.Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education“have that stereotype,that it s for kids who can t make itacademicall

15、y,”he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,

16、and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor s degrees for all-and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point:That s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor s degree opens more doors.But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skil

17、l jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is s

18、taring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most aren t equipped to do them.Koziatek s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek s school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks 文档编码:

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25、档编码:CQ1P8L6N1M10 HY5K5Z5G3I2 ZB9Y8J2L8T1文档编码:CQ1P8L6N1M10 HY5K5Z5G3I2 ZB9Y8J2L8T1文档编码:CQ1P8L6N1M10 HY5K5Z5G3I2 ZB9Y8J2L8T1文档编码:CQ1P8L6N1M10 HY5K5Z5G3I2 ZB9Y8J2L8T1overlooking a nation s diversity of gifts.21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students lack of_.A.mechanical memorizationB.academ

26、ic training C.practical abilityD.pioneering spirit 22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who_.A.are financially disadvantagedB.are not academically successful C.have a stereotyped mindD.have no career motivation 23.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduate

27、s_.A.are entitled to more“educational privilegesB.are reluctant to work in manufacturing C.used to have more job opportunitiesD.used to have big financial concerns 24.The headlong push into bachelor s degrees for all_.A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class job

28、s C.is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD.indicates the overvaluing of higher education 25.The author s attitude toward Koziatek s school can be described as_.A.supportiveB.disappointedC.tolerantD.cautious Text2 While fossil fuels-coal,oil,gas-still generate roughly 85 percent of theworld

29、s energy supply,its clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewable is picking up momentum around the world:They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governmentsand farsigh

30、ted Business to fund cleaner energy sources.But increasingly the stories about the plummeting prices of renewable,especially wind and solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewa

31、ble energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland,for example,wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead,notably China and Europe,the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March,for the first time,wind and s

32、olar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US,reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels-especially coal-as the path to economic growth.In a recent speech in Iowa,he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy sourc

33、e,But that message did not play well with many in Iowa,where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the states electricity generation-and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question“what happens whe

34、n the wind doesnt blow or the sun doesntshine?has provided a quick put-down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage-capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers,who are placing bigbets on batte

35、ry-powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While theres a long way to go,the trend lines for renewable are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up perhaps:

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43、9Y8J2L8T1文档编码:CQ1P8L6N1M10 HY5K5Z5G3I2 ZB9Y8J2L8T1thought.26.The word plummeting(Line 3,Para.2)is closest in meaning to _ A.stabilizing B.changing C.falling D.rising 27.According to Paragraph 3,the use of renewable energy in America _ A.is progressing notablyB.is as extensive as in Europe C.faces ma

44、ny challengesD.has proved to be impractical 28.It can be learned that in Iowa,_.A.wind is a widely used energy sourceB.wind energy has replaced fossil fuels C.tech giants are investing in clean energyD.there is a shortage of clean energy supply 29.Which of the following is true about clean energy ac

45、cording to Paragraphs 5&6?A.Its application has boosted battery storage.B.It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C.Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D.Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy _.A.will bring the

46、 US closer to other countriesB.will accelerate global environmental change C.is not really encouraged by the US government D.is not competitive enough with regard to its cost Text 3 The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing Amazon has just announced the purchase of t

47、he upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service,which doesn t have any physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detaile d web of its users friendships and social l

48、ives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities,but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through.Even without knowing what was in the messages,the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still

49、 could be.What political journalist,what party whip,would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May s enemies are currently plotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops of owns,but the records of which customers have purchased

50、what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power.But it is clumsy.For one thing,it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy.By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace,to be replaced b