2012年11月北京成人本科学位英语考试真题及其答案详尽解析.pdf

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1、2012.11.03 北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案解析Part Reading Comprehension(30%)Directions:There are three passages in this part.Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresp

2、onding letter on the Answer sheet。Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day theres some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us,(76)One day,science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer The next day,maybe not It see

3、ms journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee.Now theres been a lot of research into whether coffees good for our health the results have really been mixed,admits Neal freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal rece

4、ntly.Theres been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and theres also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well。Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and hea

5、lth They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers,he said.Heres what he means by modestly:those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10

6、 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study when the researchers looked at specific causes of death,coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease lung disease injuries,accidents and infections Now,Freedman stressed that the study d

7、oesnt prove coffee can make people live longer.A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship(77)All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you,scientists have no idea why 似乎

8、每天都有关于我们喜爱的饮料是否对我们的身体有益的研究。76今天，科学研究声称每天喝一杯红酒会延年益寿。第二天，可能就会有不同的说法了。似乎新闻记者们对关于酒的研究十分感兴趣，同样对咖啡也是如此。如今，很多人都在研究咖啡是否对人体有益。“得到的结果非常复杂，”尼尔弗里德曼承认说，他最近曾领导了一项咖啡研究，并在一家医学杂志上发表了他的调查结果。“有一些证据说明咖啡可能会增加人患某些疾病的危险，同时还有一些更新的证据显示：咖啡同样会预防其他的一些疾病。”弗里德曼和他的同事们进行着迄今为止着眼于咖啡和人体健康之间的关系的最大的一次研究。他们分析了采自参与该研究的年龄在 50 到 71 岁之间的 40

9、 万多名美国人的资料。他说：“我们发现喝咖啡的人比不喝咖啡的人有着较小的低死亡风险。”下面是他说的“较小的”含义：在该项研究所经历的13 年里，那些每天至少喝2 到 3 杯咖啡的人比不喝咖啡的人无论什么原因都少了 10%或 15%的时机面对死亡。当研究人员审视那些令人死亡的具体原因时，发现喝咖啡明显地减少了因心脏病、肺病、外伤和感染等引起的死亡的风险。如今，弗里德曼强调说，该项研究并没有证明咖啡能够使人长寿。像这样的研究根本就不可能证明出一个因果关系出来。它所能做到的只是指引研究人员向正确的方向进一步展开研究。而且，即使最后得出咖啡对人体有益的结论，科学家们也不知道那是为什么1 Accordi

10、ng to the first paragraph,reporters would like to know the research findings of _ A.tea B.beer C.alcohol D.Coffee 1.【答案】D。细节题。由题干可以定位到第一段。根据第一段It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee.。可知新闻工作者们journalists ，即题干中的reporters Grimm，对酒 wine和咖啡 coffe

11、e的研究感兴趣，选项中只有coffee，因此选择D。2According to the passage,which of the following is TRUCE?A Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,00 Americans to collect date。B About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedmans team full time for 13 years。C People Who took part in Freedmans research are about 50

12、to 70 years old。D People Who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee 2.【答案】C。细节题。根据第二段They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study，可知选项C 正确，故为答案3 According to the author,scientists_。A have already proved that coffee is good for human healt

13、h B have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffee C have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffee D are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us 文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X

14、9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:

15、CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 H

16、Q8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW

17、2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编

18、码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5

19、 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7

20、ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B43.【答案】C。细节题。根据第三段的A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.可知弗里德曼的研究已经得出不能证明a cause-and-effect relationship 的结论，以后科学家们可以防止用这种方法研

21、究咖啡，所以选项C 为答案。4 The word mixed in the first paragraph means_。A both good and bad B.put together C.both sharp and soft D.Confused 4.【答案】A。词汇解释题。由题干定位到第一段的内容。Neal freedman 承认说研究结果“have really been mixed”，他接着说道“Theres been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and theres

22、 also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”可知，研究证据显示了两种不同结论：咖啡增加患一些病的风险和咖啡抵御患另一些病的风险。所以A 为答案5.Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A.Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B.Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C.Can Whine Help You Live

23、 Longer?D.Can Tea Help You Live Longer?5.【答案】B。主旨题。文章虽然在第一段提到了酒wine，但是通篇都是在谈论弗里德曼对咖啡和人体健康的关系的研究，所以 B 为答案。文章没有提到啤酒 Beer和茶Tea。Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When were learning a foreign language,making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency.It sounds obv

24、ious,but until recently,we didnt know much about how listening works.New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears.Rather,its an active process of receiving information and making meaning.This kind of engaged listening is a sk

25、ill thats as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue。文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R

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32、tudies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension.Last year,for example,University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language.Half of the students w

33、ere taught in a conventional fashion,listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud.The other half,possessing the same initial(最初的)skill level and taught by the same teacher,were give detailed instruction on how to listen.It turned out that the second group“significantly outperformed”(胜过)the first o

34、ne on a test of comprehension。So what are these listening strategies?Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get of it.(79)They set a goal for their listening,and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say.Before the talking begins they mentally re

35、view what they already know about the subject,and form an intention to“listen out for”what s important or relevant.Once they begin listening,these learners maintain their focus;if their attention wanders,they bring it back to the words being spoken.They dont allow themselves to be thrown off by conf

36、using or unfamiliar details.Instead,they take note of what they dont understand and make inferences about what those thing might mean,based on other clues available to them;their previous knowledge of the subject,the context(语境)of the talk,the identity of the speaker,and so on。当我们在学习一门外语的时候，理解我们所听到的

37、内容是走向熟练的第一步。这是显而易见的，但是直到最近，我们对于听力是如何起作用的还知之甚少。新的研究说明，有效的听力不仅包括听飘过我们耳朵的单词，而且，还包括一个接收信息和获得意义的积极的过程。这种专注听力是一种技能，与在学校或工作中学习一系列的课程一样，这种技能对于学习弄懂一门外语也很关键。78对于熟练的语言学习者的研究已经证实了一些可以获得高效理解的专门的听力策略。例如：去年，渥太华大学的研究者拉里?万德格里夫特发表了一项以106 名正在学习第二语言法语的本科生为受试对象的研究。对一半的学生采取传统方式教学，听力并练习大声读出来的课文。对另一半学生教授同样的初级听力技能，并且是同一位老师，

38、给予他们怎么去听的详细的指导。结果显示，在一项理解测试中，第二组“很明显地胜过”了第一组学生。那么这些听力策略是什么呢？技巧娴熟的学习者进入听力课堂的时候，会带着一种他们想要得到什么的感觉。他们为自己的听力做好了目标，然后他们会预测下说话者将要说什么。在对话开始之前，他们在心中复习下关于所听话题的已知信息，接着行成一个“期待着”重要和相关内容的意向。一旦这些学习者开始听音，他们把精力集中在他们所关注的地方；如果他们走神了，他们就把注意力集中到正在说的内容。他们不允许自己放过那些不清楚或是不熟悉的细节。相反，他们在不理解的地方做下标记，查对这些东西到底是什么意思，查对时会建立在其他已经明白的线索

39、上：他们以往关于这个话题的知识，对话的语境，说话者的身份，等等。6.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears。B.Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency。文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K

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42、U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T

43、6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH

44、7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8

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46、9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4文档编码:CH7R1F3I5D5 HQ8Y3U7G2L7 ZW2X9T6K10B4C.Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear。D.Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information。6.【答案】C。主旨题。根据第一段This kind of engaged listening is a s

47、kill that is as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue可知本文讨论的中心是engaged listening，投入的听对于学习有重大作用。后面两段分别讨论有效地听可以增强理解能力以及高效听力能力应用的技巧。7.What does Vandergrifts research show?A.Learners who adopt specific listening strategies becom

48、e better listeners。B.Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn。C.Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes。D.Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster。7.【答案】A。细节题。根据第二段第一句话：Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific

49、listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension.可知选项A 正确。8.Which of the following statements about Vandergrifts research is TRUE?A.The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language。B.All the participants were taught using the conventional method,with the focus on list

50、ening strategies。C.The two groups were taught by different teacher。D.The participants were at the same initial skill level。8.【答案】D。细节题。根据第二段 The other half,possessing the same initial skill level and taught by the same teacher,were given detailed instruction on how to listen.可知选项 D 正确。9.The expressi