新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4完形填空翻译汉译英和完形填空答案.docx

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1、Unit11. Banked clozeHave you ever heard people say that they tend to be more of a right-brain or left-brain thinker? From books to television programs, you have probably heard the term mentioned 提到numerous times, or perhaps you have even taken an online test to determine 确定which type best describes

2、you. Do different parts of the brain really control different bodily and mental functions? Over the years, a theory that has gained 获得in popularity is that the right brain and the left brain are responsible 责任for different modes of thought and that the way in which a person thinks will depend on whi

3、ch side of his brain works more actively. People who rely more heavily heavy的副词on the right half of their brain tend to be more imaginative and spontaneous. They are interested in patterns, shapes and sizes, for the right brain is associated with artistic 艺术的 ability like singing, painting, Writing

4、poetry, etc. Left-brain dominated people are quite opposite相反 in the way they think. They tend to be more logical and analytical分析性 in their thinking and usually stand out in mathematics and word skills. While the different functions of the two brain parts may have been distorted扭曲 and exaggerated b

5、y popular psychology, understanding you strengths and weaknesses in certain areas can help you develop better ways to learn and study. For example, if you are usually stumped 陷入困境in trying to follow verbal instructions, an activity often cited as a right-brain characteristic, you can benefit from wr

6、iting down directions and developing better organizational skills. 你听说过人们说他们更倾向于右脑或左脑思考者吗？从书到电视节目，你可能听过很屡次提到的术语，或者你甚至做过在线测试来确定哪种类型最能描述你。大脑的不同局部真的控制着不同的身体和精神功能吗？多年来，一个得到广泛认可的理论是，右脑和左脑负责不同的思维方式，一个人的思维方式将取决于他大脑的哪一边工作得更积极。更依赖右脑的人往往更富有想象力和自发。他们对图案、形状和尺寸感兴趣，因为右脑及歌唱、绘画、写诗等艺术能力有关。左脑主导的人的思维方式完全相反。他们的思维更具逻辑性和

7、分析性，通常在数学和语言技能方面表现突出。虽然这两个大脑局部的不同功能可能被群众心理学扭曲和夸张了，但是了解你在某些领域的优势和弱点可以帮助你找到更好的学习和学习方法。例如，如果你经常在努力遵循口头指示一种经常被称为右脑特征的活动时遇到困难，你可以从写下指示和开展更好的组织技能中获益。2.中庸思想Doctrine of the Mean“中不是指“折中，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度和“恰如其分的方法。The so-called “mean by Confucius doesnt mean “compromise but a “moderate and “Just right way

8、 when understanding and handling objective things. 孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来对待，而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。Confucius advocated that this thought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into ones daily conduct to make it a virtue throu

9、gh self-cultivation and training.中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成局部。The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture.从它的形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的开展发挥着不可估量的作用。From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an i

10、nvaluable role in the construction of nation spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture. Unit21. Banked clozeI was once in a relationship with a woman who was the most brilliant, creative and driven person Id ever known. I told her these things often because

11、 she didnt see herself this way, despite achieving取得 great success and acclaim(称赞)in her professional field. She was also gorgeous漂亮的 and sexy, thought she seemed not to realize this either, so I told her these things too. But while I thought it was more important to praise her brilliance, it seemed

12、 to mean more to her that she was considered 认为attractive. My experience with this girlfriend exemplifies a common phenomenon in life-when it comes to complimenting a woman, men often walk a very difficult line. Of course, context上下文 matters. In a professional setting, talking about appearance is of

13、ten inappropriate, but at a singles club, it may be important. She will be very pleased if a man thinks her cloths and accessories配饰 are pretty, or her hair looks wonderful. However, things in between these two cases are unclear. Women have every right to be recognized and appreciated 欣赏or their int

14、elligence and creativity. But at the same time, they want to be admired for their looks as well, for example, their perfect skin complexion 肤色and elegant outfits. Unfortunately, most guys dont understand this. If we receive compliments from women, theyre usually about our achievements, not our looks

15、. Most of us dont expect a woman to tell us how handsome英俊 or sexy we are, and some of us would find it hard to regard such a (an) comment评论 as sincere. Im not saying its very hard to be a guy these days. It is important for every man to understand how to treat women with both respect and admiration

16、. But as far as the right balance of these two is concerned, we really have no frame of reference, especially when it comes to looks.我曾经和一个女人交往过，她是我所认识的最聪明、最有创造力、最有动力的人。我经常告诉她这些事情，因为她没有这样对待自己，尽管在她的专业领域取得了巨大的成功和赞誉。她又漂亮又性感，觉得自己也没意识到这一点，所以我也告诉了她这些事情。不过，尽管我认为赞美她的才华更重要，但她似乎更觉得自己很有魅力。我和这个女朋友的经历证明了生活中一个常见的

17、现象，当谈到赞美一个女人时，男人往往会走一条很难走的路。当然，上下文很重要。在职业场合，谈论外表往往是不恰当的，但在单身俱乐部，这可能很重要。如果一个男人认为她的衣服和配饰很漂亮，或者她的头发很漂亮，她会很快乐的。然而，这两种情况之间的关系还不清楚。女人有被认可和欣赏的权利，或者她们的智慧和创造力。但同时，他们也希望自己的外貌受到尊敬，例如，他们完美的肤色和优雅的服装。不幸的是，大多数人不明白这一点。如果我们得到女人的赞美，她们通常是关于我们的成就，而不是我们的长相。我们中的大多数人不希望一个女人告诉我们我们有多英俊或性感，我们中的一些人很难把这样的评论看作是真诚的。我不是说这几天做个男人很难

18、。对每个男人来说，了解如何尊重和钦佩女人是很重要的。但就这两者的正确平衡而言，我们确实没有参照系，特别是在外观方面。2. 军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。They all reflect various aspects of ancient China, including political and military strife , social conflicts and cultural beliefs.四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的顶峰。The four novels are of supreme artistic standards, representi

19、ng the peak of Chinas classic novels.书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。Lots of the characters and scenes in the books are well-known in China and it has deeply influenced the whole nations ideology and value orientation.四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的珍贵文化遗产。The four works have

20、 great research value in many fields such as ancient Chinese customs, feudal system, social life and so on. They are precious cultural heritage of China and even of all mankind.Unit31. Banked clozeIn some urban centers, workaholism(工作狂)is so common that people du not consider it unusual: They accept

21、 the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington D.C., for example, frequently频繁的，经常 work 60 to 70 hours a week. They dont do this because they have do; they do it because they want to. Workaholism can be a serious problem. True workaholics, being deeply immersed沉浸 in their work, allow the

22、mselves little or no time to take breaks. They like to work without being disrupted干扰, and they probably dont know how to relax.But is Workaholism always bad? Perhaps not. There are people who work well under stress压力. Besides, some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest i

23、n their own sphere领域 Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same thing. Their work challenge挑战 them, keeping them busy and genuinely engaged.Why do workaholics enjoy doing their jobs so much? Of course they get paychecks f

24、rom it, but it is hard to quantify 量化the pleasure with money. It offers more than financial金融 security. Psychologists claim that work gives people an identity and provides them with self-confidence. People have a feeling of satisfaction when they administrate管理 a business well or complete a challeng

25、ing piece of work. In addition, most jobs provide a socially acceptable way for people to meet others. So, thought some people are compulsive(强迫性的) about their work, their addiction 上瘾seems to be a safe or even an advantageous one. They feel empty and incomplete when they are involved in activities

26、not related to work. 在一些城市中心，工作狂workaholism是如此普遍，以至于人们都不认为这是不寻常的：他们承受正常的生活方式。例如，华盛顿特区的政府工作人员每周工作60到70小时。他们这样做不是因为他们已经做了，而是因为他们想做。工作狂可能是一个严重的问题。真正的工作狂，深深地沉浸在工作中，很少或根本没有时间休息。他们喜欢不受干扰地工作，而且可能不知道如何放松。但是工作狂总是坏的吗？也许不是。有些人在压力下工作得很好。此外，一些研究说明，许多工作狂在他们自己的领域有很大的精力和兴趣。他们的工作很愉快，实际上他们很快乐。对于大多数工作狂来说，工作和娱乐是一样的。他们的

27、工作对他们提出挑战，使他们保持忙碌和真诚的投入。为什么工作狂如此喜欢做他们的工作？当然，他们从中得到薪水，但是很难用金钱来量化快乐。它提供的不仅仅是金融平安。心理学家声称，工作给人一种认同感，给人以自信。当人们很好地管理一项业务或完成一项具有挑战性的工作时，会有一种满足感。此外，大多数工作为人们提供了一种在社会上可以承受的结识他人的方式。所以，认为有些人对工作是强迫性的，他们的上瘾似乎是平安的，甚至是有利的。当他们参及及工作无关的活动时，他们感到空虚和不完整。2. 近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛开展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。In recent years, with the rapid d

28、evelopment of Internet technology, the Internet economy has become a hot issue.以蓬勃开展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济开展的重要引擎。As represented by the promising E-commerce, the Internet economy has become a strong driving force for the economic development.我国政府高度重视开展互联网，提出了“互联网+的概念，以推动互联网及医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共效劳等领域的结合。Our g

29、overnment attaches great importance to developing the Internet economy and proposes the concept of“Internet plus, aiming to integrate Internet with other industries, such as health care, transportation, education, finance and public service.这将为互联网经济的开展提供极大的开展潜力和更广阔的开展空间。T“户联网+战略的深入实施，互联网必将及更多传统行业进一步

30、融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版。With the implementation of the“Internet Plus strategy, the Internet is certain to be integrated with more traditional industries and help build“the upgraded version of the Chinese economy.Unit41. Banked cloze Farming invariably interferes with the habitats of plants and animals. Howe

31、ver, this does not necessarily mean that agriculture and biodiversity are incompatible不相容的. In fact, quite the opposite is true. The sustainable cultivation of plants for food and feed actually enables us to preserve保护 biodiversity. By 2007, there were more than twice as many people living on the pl

32、anet as there were in 1961. Over the same period, the total amount of available可获得的 arable() land grew by just 10 percent. /In comparison with population growth, the expansion of arable land was small. And there are limits to further expansion. A large proportion局部 of the earths surface-like deserts

33、-is not suitable for cultivation, and other areas are utilized 利用by humans for roads and buildings. Some land that is rich in biodiversity needs to be preserved and thus should not be converted转变 into arable land. The tropical rain forests, for example, have the highest species density in the world,

34、 and changing this land for crop cultivation would be dreadful 可怕的to these species habitats and, indeed, existence. By 2050, global demand for food will have risen by 70 percent. But the expansion of land available for cultivation has its limits. This is one of the greatest challenges facing agricul

35、ture today: How do we balance平衡 the increased demand for food with the need to maintain biological diversity, now and in the future? Efficient and sane理智地 use of land will be key to preserving natural animal and plant habitats. To achieve this aim will depend to a(an) considerable相当多的 extent on the

36、use of modern agricultural methods. If these methods are successfully applied, we believe that agriculture and biodiversity can coexist in harmony.农业总是干扰动植物的栖息地。然而，这并不一定意味着农业和生物多样性是不相容的。事实上，恰恰相反。以植物为食物和饲料的可持续种植实际上使我们能够保护生物多样性。到2007年，地球上的人口是1961年的两倍多。同期，可耕地总量仅增长了10%。/及人口增长相比，耕地面积增长幅度较小。还有进一步扩张的限制。地球外

37、表有很大一局部像沙漠一样不适合耕种，其他地区那么被人类用于道路和建筑。一些生物多样性丰富的土地需要保护，因此不应转变为耕地。例如，热带雨林的物种密度是世界上最高的，改变这片土地种植农作物对这些物种的生境和生存是可怕的。到2050年，全球粮食需求将增长70%。但可供耕种的土地的扩张也有其局限性。这是当今农业面临的最大挑战之一：我们如何平衡粮食需求的增长和维持生物多样性的需要，现在和将来？高效、理智地利用土地是保护自然动植物栖息地的关键。要实现这一目标，在很大程度上取决于现代农业方法的使用。如果这些方法得到成功应用，我们相信农业和生物多样性可以和谐共存。2.苏州园林是中国古典园林最出色的代表，大局

38、部为私家所有。Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most of them were privately-owned.苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, develop in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 清末苏州园林已

39、有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了“园林之城的称号。By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as over 170 gardens of diverse, winning it the name “The City of Gardens. 现保存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, of which more than 10 are open to the public.其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺

40、术风格，被称为“ 苏州四大名园。The Surging Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrators Garden and the Lingering Garden are called the four most famous garden in Suzhou, representing the artistic styles of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties respectively.苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活

41、方式和礼仪习俗。Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which make them suitable places for living, visiting and appreciating.The architectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyle and social customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze R

42、iver.苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.1997年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录。In 1997, Suzhou gardens were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.Unit51. Stereotypes have s

43、ome truth mixed in with a few generalizations. Sometimes these generalizations can be misleading as they are often based on observation of the exterior 外部的behavior of people in a certain culture. Spaghetti, pasta, mafia(黑手党), gestures, fashion-these are some words commonly used to describe Italians.

44、 How much truth is there in the stereotype? As an Italian myself, I will give you some insights洞察力 into the Italian soul and clarify some misunderstandings that foreigners have about us. Spaghetti and pasta are sacred. You cant take pasta away from an Italian meal; otherwise it wont be complete完整的.

45、A typical Italian meal generally includes pasta as a starter, fish or meat with salad as the main course主菜, followed by fruit or dessert, and then coffee. But there are considerable regional differences in Italy, and hence inconsistencies 矛盾,不一致exist between the stereotype and reality. For instance,

46、 you might find risotto(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭) replacing pasta in some places! The Mafia is real: We are not proud of it, but it does exist, especially in the South and on the island of Sicily. Obviously, not every Italian is a member of the Mafia, and most will be offended冒犯 if you use the term, even if you

47、 are just joking. Yes, the way we speak is unique. Italians use gestures手势 a lot in communication. We simply cannot talk without our hands. If the hands are busy doing something else, we start moving shoulders or other parts of the body. We are also fashion victims. You can recognize Italians by the

48、 way they dress from head to toe. We wear stylish clothes and ornaments 装饰品for every possible occasion. You wont ever see an Italian wearing running shorts combined with long socks: Its simply against our sense 感觉of style! Italy is made up of many regions and provinces which are similar in some ways

49、 and distinctive in others. The stereotype contains some truth, but being Italian takes a lot more than that. 刻板印象中有一些事实及一些概括混杂在一起。有时，这些概括可能会产生误导，因为它们通常是基于对某一文化中人的外部行为的观察。意大利面、意大利面、黑手党黑手党、手势、时尚这些词通常用来形容意大利人。刻板印象中有多少真理？作为一个意大利人，我将给你们一些关于意大利灵魂的见解，并澄清一些外国人对我们的误解。意大利面和意大利面是神圣的。你不能把意大利面从意大利菜中拿走，否那么它就不完整了。一顿典型的意大利餐通常包括作为开胃菜的意大利面、以沙拉为主菜的鱼或肉、水果或甜点，然后是咖啡。但是，意大利存在着相当大的地区差异，因此，刻板印象和现实之间存在矛盾。例如，在某些地方，你可能会发现意大利饭加有肉、鱼或美味的调味汁代替了意大利面！