2019年高中英语语法大全.pdf
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1、1 2019 年高中英语语法大全第 1 章主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Re
2、ading and writing are very important.读写很重要。注意:当主语由and 连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如:第 1 页,共 155 页2 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。典型例题The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.is B.was C.are D.we
3、re 答案 B.注:先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除 A.,C。本题易误选 D,因为 The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有 the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。2.主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当 there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如:There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。There
4、 are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。2)当 either or 与 neither nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here,there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如:Either you or she is to go.不是你去,就是她去。第 2 页,共 155 页文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C
5、5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7
6、B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2
7、M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P
8、7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6
9、Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4
10、O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y
11、7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B10文档编码:CG4O2M9P1C9 HY4Y7P7C5C4 ZV1Z2M6Y7B103 Here is a pen,a few envelops and some paper for you.给你笔、信封和纸。3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语有 with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:The teacher together with some
12、 students is visiting the factory.教师和一些学生在参观工厂。He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。4.谓语需用单数的情况1)代词 each 以及由 every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中含有each,every时,谓语需用单数。例如:Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每人都有录音机。There is something wrong with my watch.我的表坏了。2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:The Arabian
13、Night is a book known to lovers of English.天方夜谭是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。例如:Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.用三个星期来做准备。Ten yuan is enough.十元够了。5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数第 3 页,共 155 页文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X
14、7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N
15、6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4
16、C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V
17、2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O
18、8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4
19、R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M
20、4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B94 1)代词 what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如:All is right.一切顺利。All are present.人都到齐了。2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如 family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后,谓语动词
21、用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如:His family isnt very large.他家成员不多。His family are music lovers.他家个个都是音乐爱好者。但集合名词 people,police,cattle,poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如:Are there any police around?附近有警察吗?3)有 些 名 词,如variety,number,population,proportion,majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。例如:A number of+名词复数+复数动词。The numb
22、er of+名词复数+单数动词。A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况1)用 half of,most of,none of,heaps of,lots of,plenty of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常与of 后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如:第 4 页,共 155 页文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4
23、C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V
24、2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O
25、8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4R4C9H1J9 HB6M4V2X7S6 ZF10R2O8N6B9文档编码:CN4
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