2018级高一英语短文改错解题技巧.pdf
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1、1 高 2018级英语短文改错解题技巧一、综观近几年高考短文改错题，命题形式有：“缺词”为 12 处；“多词”，一般为12 处；“错词”为 7-9 处；二、短文改错常见考点设置：1.考点设置之名词命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.详解：1).She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.schoolmate 改为 schoolmates2).After class we become stranger at once.stranger 改为 stranger
2、s3).They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I ll get marks in all my subject.subject改为 subjects4).On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.picture 改为 pictures5).There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.advantage改为 advantages
3、6).He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.ideas 改为 idea7).I looked at his other hands.hands 改为 hand2.考点设置之代词命题特点：1.女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性误用。改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。代词的错误特点：1.人称代词的偷换错误2.缺少人称代词的错误3.人称代词数的一致问题4.人称代词格的一致问题详解：1).The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(his 改为 their)2).I
4、 have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei.(who s改为 whose)3).It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.them 改为 us4).Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.me 改为 myself5).One day I wrote
5、 a little story and showed to my teacher.showed 后加 it6).Some students may also save up for our college or future use.our 改为 their3.考点设置之介词命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1介词的基本用法；2习惯搭配；3动词词类确定错误，如talk,serve,wait 等。介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。详解：1).We do not seem to get much time to talk about to
6、gether.去掉 about2).I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.去掉 at3).The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.去掉 was 后的 in4).We ll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.with 改为 about5).I am writing
7、to thank you with your kind help.with 改为 for2 6).He was looking for a glass the cupboard.glass 后加 in7).Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.each后加 of4.考点设置之时态命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。详解：1).They did not want me to do an
8、y work at home;they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that-did 改为 do2).The time passes quickly.Evening came.passes改为 passed 3).She liked it very much and reads it to the class.reads改为 read4).I don t know that they don t like to talk with me.Sometimes,we talked to each other very well in
9、 class.talked 改为 talk5).I will write again and send you the photos we take together.take 改为 took6).We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.have 改为 had5.andbutor误用及前后不一致命题特点：主要考查and、or、but、so 等并列连词的误用。改正方法；1根据句意确定误；2根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。详解：1).She is smiling at me but nodding at me.bu
10、t 改为 and2).It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.and 改为 or3).The food was expensive and the service was good.and 改为 but4).I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.but 改为 and5).We fed monkeys,visiting temples and told
11、 stories.visiting 改为 visited6).She liked it very much and reads it to the class.reads改为 read6.考点设置之从句连词命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。详解：1).It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.noon 后加 when2).I don t know that they
12、 don t like to talk with me.that 改为 why3).The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.去掉 that 前的 in4).Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please.去掉 if5).They did not want breakfast because that they were goin
13、g out early in the morning.去掉 that7.考点设置之冠词命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1不定冠词a 和 an互改；2不定冠词a 或 an 和定冠词the 互改；3根据需要增删冠词。详解：1).As everyone knows,it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.famous 前加 a2).We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-a 改为 the3).On Thursday I will
14、have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.a改为 the文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6
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20、4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V5文档编码:CL9G8R8W3M6 HW1N7I4P6A10 ZI7J6Z10B3V53 4).I hope you ve had pleasa
21、nt journey home had 后加 a8.考点设置之形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1根据 adj.或 adv.的基本用法确定错误；2修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。详解：1).I would describe myself as shy and quietly.quietly 改为 quiet2).There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purp
22、oses.person 改为 personal3).Finding information on the Net is easily.easily 改为 easy4).So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.as改为 than5).My pronunciation was terribly.terribly 改为 terrible6).They came back lately and had some tea.lately 改为 late9.考点设置之非谓语动词命题特点改正方法：1谓语动词
23、和非谓语动词的错用；2动词不定式和动名词的错用；3现在分词和过去分词的错用等。详解：1).Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.allow 改为 allows2).My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.make 前加 to3).Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself i
24、n simple English.talk 改为 talking 4).We fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories.visiting 改为 visited5).Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.去掉 to二、短文改错口诀动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细区分，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光临.详解：一动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。动词形常见错误：1 一般过去时与一般现在
25、时错用。2第三人称单数形式错用。2 and 前后动词时态不一致。(and 具有对称性4 主谓不一致。5 缺少谓语动词尤其缺 be 动词6 主动语态与被动语态错用7Used to 的运用错误二名词数：指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法：根据名词前的修饰限定成份根据上下文的逻辑关系三还要注意形和副：注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据 adj 或 adv 的基本用法确定错误；修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。四非谓
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