2020年安徽省中考物理试卷.pdf
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1、第1页(共 18页)2020 年安徽省中考物理试卷一、填空题(每空2 分,共 26 分)1(2 分)大客机 C919 是我国首架具有自主知识产权的大型喷气式干线民用客机。它的巡航速度是920km/h,该速度值的物理意义是。2(2 分)如图所示,在一个配有活塞的厚壁玻璃筒中放一小团硝化棉,迅速向下压活塞,硝化棉就燃烧起来。这是因为活塞压缩空气做功,达到了硝化棉的燃点。3(2 分)一棵小树生长在水塘中,图中用带箭头的线段AB 表示小树露出水面的部分。请在图中画出AB通过水面反射所成的像AB。4(2 分)如图所示,当工人师傅用 400N 的拉力向下拉绳时,可使重 680N 的重物匀速上升,此过程中滑
2、轮组的机械效率为。5(4 分)图中 R1=4,R2=6,把它们并联在 U=3V的电路中,则 R1和 R2并联后的总电阻为;通电 30s,电阻 R1消耗的电能为J。第 1 页,共 18 页第2页(共 18页)6(4 分)某定值电阻两端加上10V 的电压时,测得通过它的电流为2A,则其阻值为,若电压为 0,则它的阻值为。7(2 分)实验发现,两条平行放置的直导线,当通以相同的电流时相互吸引(如图),这是因为电流能够产生磁场,而磁场对电流又有力的作用。我们可以这样分析它的受力,对 a 导线:通电导线 b 产生的磁场对它具有向右的作用力;对b导线:。8(2 分)某导体的电阻为20,当通过它的电流为2A
3、 时,则其 1min 产生的热量为J。9(2 分)如图甲所示,物块A 在一固定的斜面上保持静止,可将物块A 看成一个有质量的点(见图乙)。请在图乙中画出物块的受力的示意图。10(4 分)一台额定功率为2000W 的电热水器,水箱内装有50kg 的水,要把这些水从 20加热到 60,热水器正常工作需要s;若水吸收的热量全部由燃烧天然气提供,则需要完全燃烧m3的天然气 不计能量损失,已知 c水=4.2103J/(kg?0C),q天然气=4.2107J/m3。二、选择题(每小题3 分,共 21分;每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个符合题意)第 2 页,共 18 页文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ
4、4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y
5、7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ
6、4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y
7、7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ
8、4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y
9、7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ
10、4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7文档编码:CY4Y6D1P1I9 HZ4R3I7D4L6 ZZ1S4R1U8Y7第3页(共 18页)11(3 分)下列说法正确的是()A物体运动的速度越大,其惯性越大B太阳能电池是把太阳能转化为电能的装置C滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面的大小有关D在液体中,流速越大的位置,压强越大12(3 分)下列光路图错误的是()A放大镜成像B小孔成像C光由空气斜射到水面D近视眼的矫正13(3 分)如图所示,8 个相同的玻璃瓶中灌入不同高度的水,仔细调节水的高度,敲击它们,就可以发出“1.2.
11、3.4.5.6.7 i”的声音来;而用嘴吹每个瓶子的上端,可以发出哨声。则下列说法正确的是()A敲击瓶子时,声音只是有瓶本身的振动产生的B敲击瓶子时,声音只是有瓶中水柱的振动产生的第 3 页,共 18 页文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8
12、Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 H
13、D2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8
14、Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 H
15、D2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8
16、Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 H
17、D2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3第4页(共 18页)C用嘴吹气时,哨声是由瓶中空气柱振动产生的D用嘴吹气时,哨声是由瓶中水柱的振动产生的14(3 分)图示为某种物质熔化时温度随时间的变化的
18、图象。根据图象,下列判断正确的是()A该物质熔化过程持续了25minB该物质是晶体,熔点为80C在第 30min,该物质处于固液共存状态D在第 10min 到第 25min 之间,由于物质温度不变,所以不吸收热量15(3 分)我们知道,一对作用力与反作用力总是大小相等,方向相反。如图所示,重 25N 的长方体物块甲放在水平桌面上,另一重10N 的长方体物块乙放在物块甲上。则下列说法正确的是()A物块乙所受的合力为10NB物块乙对物块甲的压力为15NC桌面受到物块甲的压力为15ND桌面对物块甲的支持力为35N16(3 分)如图所示的电路中,电源电压保持不变,闭合开关,在保证电路元件安全的前提下,
19、向左移动滑动变阻器的滑片。在移动滑片的过程中,下列说法正确的是()第 4 页,共 18 页文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K
20、1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A
21、1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K
22、1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A
23、1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K
24、1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A
25、1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3文档编码:CE5R9U7N5K1 HD2Z8G4U5S2 ZC5Y2A1B8Z3第5页(共 18页)A电流表的示数变大,电压表的示数变大B电流表的示数变小,电压表的示数变大C电流表的示数变小,电压表的示数变小D电流表的示数变大,电压表的示数变小17(3 分)如图所示,当带电体接触验电器的金属球时,下列说法正确的是()A若带电体带正电荷,则这些正电荷
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