人教版PEP小学英语六年级毕业总复习资料.docx
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1、一:学生易错词汇 PEP小学英语毕业总复习 6. 疑问词的选择 :what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多 大) how many (多少) how much(多少钱) 二:形容词比较级详解 1. a, an的选择: 元音音素开头的单词用 an,辅音音素开头的单 词用 a. 2. am , is , are的选择 : 单数用 is , 复数用 are, I 用 am , you 用 are. (我比你更高和更重。) 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用 h
2、as , 复数用 have, I you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物或某人。单数用 there is , 复数用 there are. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用 some, 疑问句和否定句用 any. 当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子 结构通常是: 什么 + 动词 be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什 么 ,如: I m taller and heavier than you. An elephant is bigger than a tiger.
3、 (一只大象比一只老虎更大。) 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则 是: 一般的直接在词尾加 er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以 e结尾的,直接加 r ,如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,先改 y 为 i 再加 er,如 funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter 注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。 than you. 典型错误: My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比
4、你更长。) 比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有 可比性。 应该改为: My hair is longer than yours. 或 My hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习 : 一、从下面中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4)How is the fish? It s 2kg. 二、根据句意写出所缺
5、的单词 (1) I m 12 years old. You re 14. I m (2) A rabbit s tail is than a monkey s tail. (3) An elephant is than a pig. (4) A lake is than a sea. (5) A basketball is than a football.(贵的) 三、根据中文完成句子 . (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁 . I m than my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高 . This tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米 . You are tha
6、n he. (4) 谁比你重 ? than you? 四、根据答句写出问句 (1) I m 160 cm. (2) I m 12 years old. (4) Amys hair is 30 cm long. 三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有: 、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加 ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以 e结尾的动词直接加 d:如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词要改 y 为 i 再加 ed(此类动词较 少)如 study studied carry carried worry w
7、orried (注意 play、 stay不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped 、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以 下动词的原形和过去式: sing sang , eat ate , seesaw , havehad , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , readread ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , saysaid , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew
8、 , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt 四:动词现在分词详解 动词的 ing 形式的构成规则: 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如 doing , going , working , 第一 人称 第二 人称 主格宾格 单数I(我)me my(我的) 复数we(我们)us our(我们的) 单数you(你)you your(你的) 复数you(你们)you your(你们的) he(他)him his(他的) singing , eating 以 e 结尾的动词,要先去 e再加 ing
9、 ,如 having , writing 第三 人称 单数 she(她)her her(她的) it(它)it its(它的) their(他们的 /她 双写最后一个字母的 (此类动词极少) 有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人称和数 人称代词物主代词 复数they(他们/她们/它们) them 六:句型专项归类 们的/它们的) 面加上“not” 1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I m a didn t student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. 只用于一 There a
10、re four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. 来回答。 2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I m not a student. She is not (isn t) a doctor. (aren t) He does not (doesn t) work in a hospital. There are not four fans in our classroom. ,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如 “dont , doesn t , )。这三个
11、助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中 “does” 只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而 “did” 般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用 “did”。 3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用 “yes,” 或“no” 如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I m not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. He will not (wont) eat lunch
12、at 12:00.I did not (didn t) watch TV yesterday evening. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there 注意 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 。有动词 be的句子则 “not ” 加在 be后面,可缩写成 “isn,t “not ” arent ” ,但 am not 一般都分开写。没有动词 be的句子则要先在 主要动词的前面加上一个助动词( do,does,did),然后在它后 arent. Are you going to buy a
13、comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.) Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent. 4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词 (what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就 答什么,不能用 “yes、no
14、”来回答。如: What is this? It s a computer. Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 注意 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上, 把动词 be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。 没有动词 be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词 (do,does,did) 再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。 Summer. 只用于一 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中 “does” 般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况, 而“did” 只用于一般过去时, 不论主
15、语是什么人称和数, 都用“did”。 一般疑问句有个重要的原 则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略 答句里的这个词是一致的。 What does he do? Hes a doctor. Where are you going? I m going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt
16、is this? It s Amys. Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? I m fine. / I m happy. How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train. 其中 how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来 提问,如: how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how cant=can notdont=do notdoesnt=does tall(多高), how long(多长
17、), how big(多大), how heavy(多 not isn t=is not arent=are not 重) 例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils. ),re即 ) How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51. 小结: how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种 句式搭配, How many + 名词复数 + do you hav
18、e? 你有多少 ? How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少 ? How many + 名词复数 + are there ?有多少? 七:完全、缩略形式 : I m=I amhes=he isshes=she is they re=they areyoure=you arethere s=there is they re=they are let s=let uswont=will not I ll=I will wasnt=was not 总结:通常情况下,m 即 am,s即 is(但let s=let us are ,nt 即 not (但 cant=ca
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