2018届高三物理(通用)二轮复习专题限时检测：专题三第2讲万有引力与航天Word版含解析.pdf

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1、第 2 讲万有引力与航天(建议用时:40 分钟满分:100 分)一、选择题(本大题共 8 小题,每小题 8 分,共 64 分.第 15 题只有一项符合题目要求,第 68 题有多项符合题目要求)1.(2017 北京东城区一模)已知两个质点相距为r 时,它们之间的万有引力大小为F,若只将它们之间的距离变为2r,则它们之间的万有引力大小为(A)A.F B.F C.2F D.4F 解析:根据万有引力公式F=G,当两质点间距由 r 变为 2r 时,F 将减小为原来的.选项 A正确,B,C,D 错误.2.(2017 贵州贵阳质检)“天宫一号”目标飞行器与“神舟十号”飞船自动交会对接前的示意图如图所示,圆形

2、轨道为“天宫一号”运行轨道,圆形轨道为“神舟十号”运行轨道.此后“神舟十号”要进行多次变轨,才能实现与“天宫一号”的交会对接,则(D)A.“天宫一号”的运行速率大于“神舟十号”在轨道上的运行速率B.“神舟十号”变轨后比变轨前高度增加,机械能减少C.“神舟十号”可以通过减速而使轨道半径变大D.“天宫一号”和“神舟十号”对接瞬间的向心加速度大小相同解析:根据 G=m 得 v=,“天宫一号”的轨道半径大,运行速率小,选项 A 错误;“神舟十号”只有加速后才能实现向高轨道的变轨,故机械能增加,选项 B,C错误;根据 a=,“天宫一号”与“神舟十号”对接瞬间的向心加速度a=,大小相等,选项 D正确.3.

3、“嫦娥五号”探测器由轨道器、返回器、着陆器等多个部分组成.探测器预计在2017 年由“长征五号”运载火箭在中国文昌卫星发射中心发射升空,自动完成月面样品采集,并从月球起飞,返回地球,带回约 2 kg月球样品.某同学从网上得到一些信息,如表中数据所示,请根据题意,判断地球和月球的密度之比为(B)月球半径R0月球表面处的重力加速度g0地球和月球的半径之比=4 地球表面和月球表面的重力加速度之比=6 A.B.C.4 D.6 文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:

4、CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N

5、5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6

6、HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N

7、10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7

8、 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M

9、9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G

10、2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2解析:在地球表面,重力等于万有引力,则有 G=mg,解得 M=,故密度为=;同理,月球的密度为 0=,故地球和月球的密度之比为=6=,选项 B正确.4.(2017 河南三市二模)北京时间 2016 年 10 月 17 日 7 时 30 分,神舟十一号飞船搭载两名航天员在酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空.10月19 日凌晨,神舟十一号飞船与天宫二号自动交

11、会对接成功,航天员景海鹏和陈冬入驻天宫二号空间实验室,开始为期30 天的太空驻留生活.已知地球表面的重力加速度g,地球半径R,神舟十一号飞船对接后随天宫二号做匀速圆周运动的周期T 及引力常量G,下列说法中正确的是(D)A.要完成对接,应先让神舟十一号飞船和天宫二号处于同一轨道上,然后点火加速B.若对接前飞船在较低轨道上做匀速圆周运动,对接后飞船速度和运行周期都增大C.由题给条件可求出神舟十一号飞船的质量D.由题给条件可求出神舟十一号飞船对接后距离地面的高度h 解析:若神舟十一号飞船与天宫二号在同一轨道上,神舟十一号飞船受到的万有引力等于向心力,若让神舟十一号飞船加速,其所需要的向心力变大,而此

12、时万有引力不变,所以神舟十一号飞船做离心运动,文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10

13、A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 Z

14、M10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E

15、1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文

16、档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB

17、9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q

18、5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2不能实现对接,故 A 错误;根据万有引力提供向心力有G=m,即v=,对接后轨道半径变大,则线速度变小,故 B错误;由题给条

19、件不能求出神舟十一号飞船的质量,故 C 错误;根据万有引力提供向心力有 G=m,其中 r=R+h,又 GM=gR2,得 h=-R,故 D正确.5.(2017 山西晋中一模)某颗行星的同步卫星正下方的行星表面上有一观察者,他用天文望远镜观察被太阳光照射的此卫星,发现日落的 时间内有的时间看不见此卫星.(已知该行星自转周期为T,该行星半径为 R,不考虑大气对光的折射)则该同步卫星距该星球的高度是(A)A.R B.2R C.5.6R D.6.6R 解析:根据光的直线传播规律,日落 时间内有时间该观察者看不见此卫星,如图所示,同步卫星相对地心转过角度为=2,sin=,结合=t=,则=,sin=,可得

20、r=2R,则高度h=r-R=R,选项 A正确.6.(2017 北京朝阳区一模)2016 年 10 月 17 日,“神舟十一号”与“天宫二号”交会对接成为组合体,如图所示.10 月 20 日组合体完成文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM1

21、0M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R

22、4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编

23、码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y

24、7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V

25、6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N

26、4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5

27、B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2点火程序,轨道高度降低.组合体在高、低轨道上正常运行时均可视为圆周运动,则(BC)A.在低轨道上运行时组合体的加速度较小B.在低轨道上运行时组合体运行的周期较小C.点火过程组合体的机械能不守恒D.点火使组合体速率变大,从而降低了轨道高度解析:对于组合体,万有引力提供其做圆周运动的向心力,即 G=ma=m()2r=,其中 M为地球质量,m 为组合体质量,r为组合体轨道半径.由上述等式可知,组合体在低轨道上,加速度较大,周期较小,选项A 错误,B 正确;在点火过程中,将燃料的化学能转化为组合体的机械能,故组合体的机械能变化,选项 C 正确;当点火使组合体速率变小,万有

28、引力大于组合体需要的向心力时,轨道才会降低,选项 D错误.7.(2017 吉林实验中学二模)气象卫星是用来拍摄云层照片、观测气象资料和测量气象数据的.我国先后自行成功研制和发射了“风云号”和“风云号”两颗气象卫星,“风云号”卫星轨道与赤道平面垂直并且通过两极,称为“极地圆轨道”,每 12 h 巡视地球一周.“风云号”气象卫星轨道平面在赤道平面内,称为“地球同步轨道”,每 24 h 巡视地球一周,则“风云号”卫星比“风云号”卫星(BD)A.角速度小 B.线速度大文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A

29、5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM

30、10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1

31、R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档

32、编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9

33、Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5

34、V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7

35、N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2C.万有引力小D.向心加速度大解析:由万有引力提供向心力G=mr,可知周期大的半径大,风云号的半径小,号的半径大;又 G=m=mr2=ma,可知=,半径小的角速度大,选项 A错误;由 v=,则半径小的线速度大,选项 B正确;因引力与质量有关,而质量大小不知,则不能确定引力大小,选项 C错误;由加速度 a

36、=,则半径小的加速度大,选项 D正确.8.(2017 广东湛江一中等四校联考)据报道,2016 年 2 月 18 日嫦娥三号着陆器玉兔号成功自主“醒来”,嫦娥一号卫星系统总指挥兼总设计师叶培建院士介绍说,自 2013 年 12 月 14 日月面软着陆以来,中国嫦娥三号月球探测器创造了全世界在月工作最长记录.假如月球车在月球表面以初速度v0竖直向上抛出一个小球,经时间 t 后小球回到出发点,已知月球的半径为R,引力常量为G,下列说法正确的是(CD)A.月球表面的重力加速度为B.月球的质量为C.探测器在月球表面获得的速度就可能离开月球表面围绕月球做圆周运动D.探测器在月球表面附近绕月球做匀速圆周运

37、动的绕行周期为文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G

38、2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:

39、CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N

40、5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6

41、HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N

42、10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7

43、 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2解析:根据竖直上抛运动规律v=gt 可知,月球表面的重力加速度g=,选项 A错误;在月球表面重力与万有引力相等,有 mg=G,可得月球质量 M=,选项 B

44、 错误;据万有引力提供圆周运动向心力可知,卫星的最大运行速度v=,选项 C 正确;绕月球表面匀速飞行的卫星的周期T=,选项 D正确.二、非选择题(本大题共 2 小题,共 36 分)9.(18 分)(2017 江西临川模拟)开普勒第三定律指出:行星绕太阳运动的椭圆轨道的半长轴a的三次方与它的公转周期T的二次方成正比,即=k,k 是一个对所有行星都相同的常量.(1)将行星绕太阳的运动按圆周运动处理,请你推导出太阳系中该常量 k 的表达式.已知引力常量为 G,太阳的质量为 M太.(2)开普勒行星运动定律不仅适用于太阳系,它对一切具有中心天体的引力系统(如地月系统)都成立.经测定地月距离为3.8410

45、8 m,月球绕地球运动的周期为2.36 106 s,试计算地球的质量M地.(G=6.6710-11 Nm2/kg2,结果保留一位有效数字)解析:(1)因行星绕太阳做匀速圆周运动,于是轨道的半长轴a 即为轨道半径 r.根据万有引力定律和牛顿第二定律有G=m行()2r,于文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4

46、G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码

47、:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7

48、N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6

49、 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4

50、N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B7 ZM10M9E1R4G2文档编码:CB9Y7N5Q5V6 HM7N4N10A5B