高中英语必修1(外研版)Unit 1 My First Day at Senior High 知识点总结.docx

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1、高中英语必修1（外研版）Unit 1 My First Day at Senior High知识点总结一、重点词汇 academic 基本用法 academic adj. 学术的，学院的，理论的 The new academic year is coming.新学年就要来了。 Applicant must possess good conduct and obtain satisfactory academic results. 申请者必须拥有良好品性，并获得令人满意的成绩。 Her academic achievements shamed her brothers.她的学术成就使她的兄弟们相

2、形见绌。知识拓展-相关单词 academy n. 学院；学会；专科院校 I visited Chinese Academy of Sciences yesterday. 我昨天去访问了中国科学院。 enthusiastic 原文再现 The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and. 老师们非常热心且友好.基本用法 enthusiastic adj. 热心的；热情的 He doesnt know much about this subject, but hes very enthusiastic. 他对这事所知不多，但他非常热心。知识拓展

3、相关短语be /become enthusiastic for/about sth. 对某事热心。 He is enthusiastic about helping others. 他热心助人。 He is enthusiastic about pop music. 他热衷于流行音乐。 相关单词 1. enthusiastically adv. 热心地，狂热地 She enthusiastically approved of our plan. 她热情地支持我们的计划。 2. enthusiasm n. 狂热，热心 His refusal iced our enthusiasm. 他的拒绝浇熄

4、了我们的热情。 amazing/amazed 基本用法 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的；令人惊异的 amazed adj. 吃惊的；感到惊讶的 In the Olympic Games, Liu Xiang ran with amazing speed and won the first place. 在奥运会上，刘翔跑得飞快，以惊人的速度赢得了第一。 I was amazed to see how readily I understood. 令我吃惊的是，我竟理解得这么透彻。知识拓展-相关短语be amazed at. 对.感到惊异 You will be amazed at the

5、progress we have made.你将会对我们的进展感到有所惊讶。 brilliant 基本用法 brilliant adj. 极好的；灿烂的；卓越的 He has got brilliant achievements in the field of physics. 他在物理学方面已经取得了卓越的成就。 The brilliant sun lit up their rooms. 灿烂的阳光照亮了他们的屋子。 The garden was bathed in brilliant sunshine. 花园沐浴在灿烂的阳光之中。 comprehension 原文再现 She thinks

6、 that reading comprehension is important, but we speak a lot in class, too. 她认为阅读理解力重要，但是我们在课堂上也说很多。基本用法 comprehension n. 理解；领悟 Learning Chinese, you must have good comprehension. 学习汉语，必须要有很强的理解力。知识拓展-相关单词 comprehensive adj. 理解的；全面的The reporter has made a comprehensive report. 记者已做了全面的报道。 instructio

7、n 原文再现 Mr Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves. 沈小姐给我们一些指示，然后由我们自己来工作。基本用法 instruction n. 指令；教导；用法说明 I will take the medicine according to the instructions. 我会按说明来服药的。知识拓展-相关单词 1. instruct v. 教；命令；指导Dont instruct your secretary to say you are out when you are in. 不要教你的秘书在你在的时候说不

8、在。 2. instructor n. 指导书；教员；指导者 The driving instructor told me to pull up at the post office. 驾驶教练让我在邮局停车。 method 原文再现 Give an example of your English teachers teaching method. 给出你英语老师教学方法的例子。基本用法 method n. 方法 I have a simple and easy method. 我有个简易的方法。 New methods of teaching foreign languages are ad

9、opted in this institute. 该学院采用新的外语教学法。知识拓展-词义辨析:means/way/method 1. means: 指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法，手段或途径。 We must help him by all possible means. 我们必须想尽一切可能的办法来帮助他。 2. way: 普通用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指特殊的方式或方法。 I worked out this problem in this way. 我用这种方法算出了这道题。3. method: 指有系统，有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。 Dont deal

10、with different things with the same method. 不要用同一种方法处理不同的问题。 bored/boring 原文再现 I dont think I will be bored in Ms Shens class. 我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的。基本用法 bored adj. 厌烦的，无聊的 boring adj. 令人厌烦的 Doing anything all day long will come to nothing but get us bored. 整天做一件事只会把人弄烦。 It is boring to listen to the s

11、ame story.听相同的故事是令人厌烦的。知识拓展-相关短语 be bored with 对.感到厌烦 I was bored with work not equal to my abilities. 我对于那些跟自己能力不相称的工作感到厌倦。 embarrassed/embarrassing 原文再现 Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. 起初，一些学生很尴尬，但是每一个人都非常友好并且真的很友善。基本用法 embarrassed adj

12、. 尴尬的，难堪的；困窘的 embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的，令人难堪的 He is embarrassed because he made a mistake. 他因为弄错而显得很窘。 It is embarrassing that our streets are so dirty. 我们的街道这么脏真叫人难堪。知识拓展-相关单词 1. embarrass vt. 使局促不安；使困窘；阻碍 I wont embarrass you in front of your friends. 我不会在你的朋友面前使你丢丑。 2. embarrassment n. 难堪；使人为难的人或事物

13、 Hes an embarrassment to his family.他叫家里人难堪。 attitude 原文再现 I like her attitude very much, and the behavior of the other students shows that they like her, too. 我非常喜欢他的态度，而且其它学生的行为也表现了他们非常喜欢她。基本用法 attitude n. 态度；看法 （attitude后常接towards/to，指“对于的态度，看法”） What is your attitude towards the question? 你对这个问题

14、的态度如何?She shows a very positive attitude to/ towards her work. 她工作态度非常积极。 behavior 原文再现 I like her attitude very much, and the behavior of the other students shows that they like her, too. 我非常喜欢他的态度，而且其它学生的行为也表现了他们非常喜欢她。基本用法 behavior n. 行为，举动 His behavior was, in a word, shocking. 总之，他的行为是令人震惊的。知识拓展

15、-相关单词 behave v. 表现；行为；举止Ill trust you to behave responsibly while Im out. 我相信你在我外出期间会认真办事的。 Parents should educate their children to behave well. 父母应当教育子女守规矩。 previous 原文再现 There are sixty-five students in my class-more than my previous class in Junior high. 我们班上有65个学生，比我们初中原来班上的人数多。基本用法 previous ad

16、j. 以前的；从前的 Have you had previous career experience? 你过去有过工作经验吗？ description 原文再现 We have to write a description of the street where we live. 我们要写一个我们所住街道的描述。基本用法 description n. 记述；描述 He gave a description of what he had seen. 他描述了他所见到的一切。知识拓展 相关单词 describe vt. 描述，形容；描绘Words cannot describe the beaut

17、y of the scene. 语言难以描述那景色之美丽。 相关短语 beyond description 难以形容，无法形容 The play was dull beyond description. 那场戏无聊得难以形容。 The scenery there was beautiful beyond description.那儿的风景美得难以形容。 impress 原文再现 Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers and the technology in his new school. 李康对他新学校的老师和科技印象深刻。基本用法 impr

18、ess vt. 使印象深刻 What impresses you most when you go to IKEA? 您去宜家时以下哪一项对您影响最深刻？ His words impressed deeply on my memory. 他的话深深地印在我的脑海里。 I was very impressed by his story. 他的故事深深打动了我。知识拓展相关短语 1. be impressed by/with. 对.印象深刻；被.所感动 (impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下.印象) I was greatly impressed by/with the head

19、masters speech. 我被校长的话深深地感动了。 2. impress on/upon sb. (+ that) My father impressed on me the value of hard work. 我父亲叫我牢记勤奋工作的价值。His parents tried to impress on him that it is necessary to be honest. 他父亲尽力让他牢记正直的必要性。 相关单词 1. impression n. 印象，感想 Her gentleness has given me a deep impression. 她的亲切给我留下了很

20、深的印象。 2. impressive adj. 使人印象深刻的His collection of paintings is the most impressive. 他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。 correction 基本用法 correction n. 改正，纠正 The correction of all my mistakes took nearly an hour.我用了近一个小时才改完我的全部错误。知识拓展-相关单词 1. correct v. 改正，纠正 She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his bad habits. 她批评

21、他,想纠正他的坏习惯。2. correct adj. 正确的；得体的 Your answer to the question is correct. 你对这个问题的回答是正确的。 3. incorrect adj. 不正确的 The statement was proven incorrect. 这种说法证明是不正确的。 Your pronunciation is incorrect.你的发音是错误的。 4. incorrectly adv. 不正确地 But when it handles the question incorrectly, it moves a step backward.

22、 而如果是不正确地处理这个问题，它会后退一步。 encouragement 基本用法 encouragement n. 鼓励；激励 Her encouragement gave me a great sense of uplift. 她鼓励我激发了我的上进心。知识拓展-相关单词 1. encourage vt. 鼓励；使有勇气 Her success encouraged me to try the same thing. 她的成功鼓励我尝试做同样的事。2. encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的；鼓励的，奖励的 The meeting ended up with an encourag

23、ing song. 会议以鼓舞人心的歌曲结束。 3. encouraged adj. 受到鼓舞的 He felt encouraged by his progress in his studies. 他由于自己学习上的进步而受到鼓舞。 enjoyment 基本用法 enjoyment n. 享受；乐趣 I didnt get much enjoyment out of that novel. 我并没有从那本小说里得到多少乐趣。知识拓展-相关单词 1. enjoy v. 享受；欣赏；喜欢 Now that I am free, I can enjoy music for a while. 既然有

24、空，我可以享受一下音乐。How did you enjoy the concert? 你喜欢那场音乐会吗？ 2. enjoyable adj. 快乐的；令人愉快的 We had a most enjoyable journey. 我们有一次非常愉快的旅行。 fluency 基本用法 fluency n. 流利，流畅 He knows only a little French, so he speaks without any fluency. 他仅懂一点法语，所以他说起来一点都不流畅。 He speaks English with great fluency. 他英语说的很流利。拓展知识 相关

25、单词 1. fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的Jim can speak fluent Chinese. 吉姆能说流利的汉语。 2. fluently adv. 流利地，流畅地 Our teacher asked us to recite the text fluently. 老师要求我们流利地背诵课文。 相关短语 be fluent in 在.（方面）流利 Candidates must be fluent in two European languages. 候选人必须能流利地说两种欧洲语言。 misunderstanding 基本用法 misunderstanding n. 误解；误

26、会 Its no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 I must weigh my words to avoid any misunderstanding. 我须字斟句酌免生误解。 I am afraid there is some misunderstanding here. 对不起，在这点上有些误解。知识拓展 相关单词 misunderstand vt. 误解；误会I think the couple misunderstood each other. 我认为这对夫妇未能真正互相了解。 反义词 understanding n. 理解；理解力 The

27、 problem is beyond my understanding. 这个问题我无法理解。 disappointed/disappointing 基本用法 disappointed adj. 失望的（一般用于修饰人或人的面部表情） disappointing adj. 令人失望的 A disappointed look came into his face. 他脸上浮现出一种失望的神情。 We are disappointed that you will not be able to come. 你不能前来，我们很失望。 I must say it is the disappointing

28、 news. 我得说这消息令人失望。知识拓展-相关单词1. disappoint vt. 使失望 Im sorry to disappoint your expectation. 很遗憾，我辜负了你的期望。 2. disappointment n. 失望；沮丧 To our great disappointment, she did not come that day. 使我们大失所望的是，她那天没来。 disappear 原文再现 The smell disappeared quite quickly, but I still remember it. 这张味道很快就消失了，但是我仍然记得它

29、。基本用法 disappear vi. 消失；不见 My wallet has disappeared from the table. 我放在桌子上的钱包不见了。知识拓展 相关单词 disappearance n. 不见；消失Scientists try to explain their disappearance. 科学家试着解释它们消失的原因。 反义词 appear vi. 出现；出版 His book appears on the market. 他的书出版了。 An article about him appeared in the paper.一篇有关他的文章在报上发表。 assis

30、tant 原文再现 Theres an assistant teacher called Miss Wang. 有一个叫王小姐的助理老师。基本用法 assistant n. 助手，助理 She is an assistant teacher in our school. 她是我们学校的助理教员。 When the shop is busy，he employs an assistant. 商店忙的时候他就雇一名助手。知识拓展-相关单词 1. assist v. 帮助，协助 ，assist sb. in doing sth.意为：帮助某人做某事。A team of nurses assisted

31、 the doctor in performing the operation. 一组护士协助医生施行手术。 2. assistance n. 援助，帮助；辅助设备 I cant move this piano without assistance. 没有人帮忙，我可挪不动这架钢琴。 cover 原文再现 Secondary school in the US usually covers seven years, grades six to twelve. 美国的中学通常包含了七年，六年级到12年级。基本用法 1. cover v. 包含；占（面积）；报导；覆盖 This city cover

32、s (an area of) ten square miles. 这个城市占地10平方英里。 This event will be covered live by TV. 此事将由电视作现场报道。She covered her knees (up) with a blanket. 她把毯子盖在膝盖上。 We covered about 30 miles a day. 我们每天大约走三十英里。 2. cover n. 封面，封皮；盖子；掩蔽物 when the water boils, take the cover from the pot. 水开时，揭开锅盖。Different books h

33、ave different kinds of covers. 不同的书有不同类别的封面。知识拓展-相关短语 cover ones nervousness/embarrassment 掩饰紧张心情/窘态 cover ones track 隐匿踪迹 be similar to 基本用法 be similar to 跟.相类似；和.差不多 Are Senior High teachers similar to Junior High teacher? 高中老师和初中老师相似吗？ This dictionary is similar to that one. 这本字典跟那本差不多。 Sorry to

34、have taken your umbrella by mistake. Its because my umbrella is similar to yours. 很抱歉错拿了你的雨伞， 这是因为我的雨伞和你的很相似。知识拓展相关短语 be similar in 在.方面相似 They are similar in characters. 他们在性格方面相似。 相关单词 similarity n. 类似；相似点 similarly adv. 类似地；相似地 nothing like 基本用法 nothing like 一点儿也不像；没有什么能比得上 The course was nothing

35、 like what I had expected. 这门课程一点也不像我期待的那样。 It looks nothing like a monkey. 它一点也不像猴子。 There is nothing like you and I. 没有什么能比得上你和我。知识拓展-相关短语 1. something like 大约；有点（像） She looks something like your sister. 她看上去有点像你姐姐。 2. anything like （多用于疑问句）多少有点（像） Was the film anything like the book? 这部电影跟书中写的多少有

36、点相似吧？3. more like 倒更像是 It is more like a snake. 它更像是一条蛇。 in other words 基本用法 in other words 换句话说，换言之 You failed the exam this time. In other words, you didnt pass the exam this time. 你这次没有通过考试。换句话说，你这次考试没及格。知识拓展-词义辨析：in a word/ in words 1. in a/one word与in words in a/one word 意思是“简言之，总之”。 一般作插入语，通常位

37、于句首，用逗号与句子隔开。 In a word, we must learn English well.总之，我们必须学好英语。 2. in words 意思是“用语言；口头上”，也可以写为 with words，通常位于句末。 I cant describe it in/with words. 我无法用语言来描述它。 I do not want you simply to promise me in/ with words that you will be good students. 我并不想要你们只在口头上答应我你们要做好学生。 make progress 基本用法 make progr

38、ess (in.) （在某方面）取得进步 （注意：progress为不可数名词） She is eager to make progress in her work. 她急切地想在工作上取得进步。 To make progress in English study, first you should listen and read a lot. 要想在英语学习方面取得进步，首先你应该多听和多读。 With the teachers help, weve made great progress. 在老师的帮助下，我们已经取得了很大的进步。二、重点句型 We are using a new tex

39、tbook and Ms Shens method of teaching is nothing likethat of the teachers atmy Junior High school. 我们在使用新教材，沈老师的授课方法和我初中老师的完全不同。基本用法 句中.that of.的that为代词，替代the method of teaching。that通常用来代替前面出现的单数可数名词或 不可数名词，主要用来避免重复。 注意：that用作代词，指上文提到的人或事物，且需一个后置定语来修饰，此时that不可省；比较级中只用 that，而且that只能代替事物，不能代替人。 Their

40、cotton output of 2012 was double than that of 2011. Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter. The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.出题建议搜索相关题目时，输入关键词“that”。 I dont think I will be bored in Ms Shens class. 我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的。基本用法 句子中dont think 是否定转移， not在实际含义上是否定宾语从句的谓语，形式

41、上是否定前置了。用于 这种结构的动词还有suppose，believe， imagine，expect等。 Im sorry，but I dont think I know you. 对不起，我想我并不认识你。 I dont believe hell come. 我想他是不会来的。 In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys. 换句话说，女生人数是男生人数的三倍。基本用法 1. as.as 意为“和.一样”，表示同级比较，中间加形容词或副词原形。 This film is as interesting as that

42、one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 Your pen writes as smoothly as mine. 你的钢笔写起来和我的一样流畅。 其否定形式是：not as/so +adj./adv. + as. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想想的那样有用。 2. 倍数表达法常用的几种形式： A + is.times +as + adj.（原级）+ as + B A + is.times + adj. （比较级）+ than + B A + is.times + the size/length/width/de

43、pth/height.of B Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。Our school is three times bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大三倍。 The new building is four times the size/height of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大/四倍高。 They say that girls are usually more hardworking than boys, but in this class, everyone is hardworking. 据说女孩要比男孩学习努力，而在这个班，人人都很努力。基本用法 they say that.= People say that “.据说.”，that 引导的是宾语从句；.more hardworking than boys. 是比较级形式；并列连词but 连接了表示转折意思的两个并列分句。知识拓展