并列连词讲座优秀PPT.ppt
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1、并列连词邓丽连词不能独立担当句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:and,but,or,nor,so,therefore,yet,however,for,hence,as well as,bothand,not onlybut also,eitheror,neithernor,(and)then等等。并列连词与并列结构 并列连词引导两个并列的词、词组或句子。1)and 与or 推断改错:They sat down and talk about something.()They sat down a
2、nd talked about something.()解析:and 连接两个并列的谓语,所以 talk 应改为 talked。They started to dance and sang.()They started to dance and sing.()and 连接两个并列的动词不定式,其次个不定式往往省略to,因此sang 应改为 sing。I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.()I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.()and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的
3、两个并列分词结构,因此whisper应改为whispering。Make up your mind,and youll get thechance.拿定办法,这次你会有机会的。=If you make up your mind,youll get the chance.One more effort,and youll succeed.再努力一下,你会成功的。=If you make one more effort,youll succeed.2)bothand两者都。例如:She plays(both)the piano and the guitar.她弹钢琴,也弹吉他。3)not only
4、but(also),as well as不但而且。例如:She plays not only the piano,but(also)the guitar.她不但弹钢琴,也弹吉他。4)neithenor 意思为既不也不谓语动词接受就近原则,与nor后的词保持一样。例如:Neither you nor he is to blame.你和他都不该受指责。比较and和or 1)并列结构中,or通常用于否定句,and用于确定句。2)但有时and 也可用于否定句。请留意其不同特点:There is no air or water on the moon.There is no air and no wat
5、er on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or 连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是确定结构,因此要用and。典型例题-I dont like chicken _ fish.-I dont like chicken,_ I like fish very much.A.and;and B.and;but C.or;butD.or;and否定句中表并列用or,but 表转折。C推断改错:We will die without air and water.()We will die without air or water.()We cant live without air or wat
6、er.()We cant live without air and water.()表示选择的并列结构 1)or意思为否则。例如:I must work hard,or Ill fail in the exam.我要努力学习,否则考试要不及格了。2)eitheror意思为或者或者。留意谓语动词的主谓一样接受就近原则。例如:Either you or I am right.不是你对,就是我对。表示转折或对比 1)but表示转折,while表示对比。例如:Some people love cats,while others hate them.有些人宠爱猫,而有些人不宠爱。典型例题-Would y
7、ou like to come to dinner tonight?-Id like to,_ Im too busy.A.and B.so C.as D.butbut与前面形成转折,符合语意。而表并列的and,结果的so,缘由的as都不符合句意。D2)notbut 意思为“不是而是”,后面的用词要遵循一样原则。They were not the bones of an animal,but(the bones)of a human being.这些不是动物的骨头,而是人的。表缘由关系 1)for是并列连词,不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首,只能将其放在两个分句中间。推断改错:For he
8、is ill,he is absent today.()He is absent today,for he is ill.()2)so为连词,therefore一般为副词。例如:He hurt his leg,so he couldnt play in the game.他的腿受伤了,不能上场。I think;therefore I exist.我思故我在。比较so和 such such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much,little连用,形成固定搭配 .so+adj.such+a(n)+n.so fooli
9、sh such a fool so+adj.+a(n)+n.such+n.(pl.)so nice a flowersuch a nice flower so+adj.+n.(pl.)such+n.(pl.)so many/few flowerssuch nice flowers so+adj.+n.(不行数)such+n.(不行数)so much/little money.such rapid progressso many peoplesuch a lot of peopleso many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 虽相当于 many,但 a lot of 为名词性的,只能用such
10、搭配。sothat与suchthat之间的转换即为 so与such之间的转换。正误辨析解析1.正 Neither of my parents is here.They went to the concert just now.析 在英语中both一般用于确定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:Both of us are not right.在英语中应被理解为我们俩不都对。而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为我们俩无一正确。2.正 He or his parents have some tickets for the film.析 由or 连接两主语时,谓语动
11、词应与相接近的那一个主语保持一样。3.正 You should study hard,or you wont pass the exam.析 or作为连词,这里的意思为否则。又如:Hurry up,or youll be late for school.4.正 Though he is poor,he is ready to help others.正 He is poor,but he is ready to help others.析“虽然但是”是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了“虽然”则不要用“但是”,用了“但是”则不能再用“虽然”,二者只可用其一。5.正 Either you or I
12、 am on duty.析 eitheror 连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相接近的一个主语相呼应,这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or,neither nor,not onlybut also等。6.正 Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now.析 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是全部词都可作随意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不行省略,也就是讲连接的部分不行省略。7.正 My father likes swimming and collecting sta
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