最新大学英语应用文写作ppt课件.ppt

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1、大学英语应用文写作大学英语应用文写作 书信是日常生活中常用的文体，是用以交涉事宜、传达信息、交流思想、联络感情、增进了解的重要工具。英文书信分为两大类：私人信件和公务信件。私人信件是指亲戚朋友之间的通信。这两类书信各有自己的格式。一般说来，私人信件不拘形式，信文多用手写，也可打印；公务信件是单位与单位或单位与个人之间来往的书信，可能是推荐信、求职信、入学申请书、邀请信，或询问、答复、反映意见（如投诉信）等的信件。公务信件要求比较严格，必须遵循一定的格式。正文写作格式：正文的写作格式主要有英式和美式两种。1)英式结构即缩进式结构缩进式结构，属于比较传统的结构,即每一段的第一行都向里缩进4-8个字

2、符，且所有段落的缩进距离必须保持一致；称呼顶格写，落款则在中间偏右的位置。2)美式结构则是齐头式结构齐头式结构，其特点是所有段落的第一行都顶格写，段与段之间空一行，另外称呼、落款等也都顶格写。商业信函以及电子邮件最好使用齐头式。缩进式：DearKate,IwonderifyoucanlendmeyourMLA Handbook for Academic Writing.Iamintheprocessofwritingmygraduationthesis,andneedtoconsultthebooknowandthenforstandardformatting.ThusImightneedto

3、keepthebookforaboutamonthandahalf,andIhopethatwouldnotbringanyinconveniencetoyou.IassureyouthatIwillmaintainthebookingoodcondition.Ifpossible,pleasegivemeacallandIwillcomebyyourhousetopickupthebook.Thanksalot.Yours,Judy齐头式：DearKate,IwonderifyoucanlendmeyourMLA Handbook forAcademic Writing.Iaminthepr

4、ocessofwritingmygraduationthesis,andneedtoconsultthebooknowandthenforstandardformatting.ThusImightneedtokeepthebookforaboutamonthandahalf,andIhopethatwouldnotbringanyinconveniencetoyou.IassureyouthatIwillmaintainthebookingoodcondition.Ifpossible,pleasegivemeacallandIwillcomebyyourhousetopickuptheboo

5、k.Thanksalot.Yours,Judy4.结束语（Complimentary Close）公务信件的结尾礼词包含两部分：发信人的结尾套语与署名。结尾套语写在签名上面一行，第一个字母要大写，套语结尾后面要加逗号。在公务信件中，发信人常用的结尾套语有：Trulyyours,Yourstruly,Respectfullyyours,Yoursrespectfully,Faithfullyyours,Yoursfaithfully,Sincerelyyours,YourssincerelyYourstruly,Yours等。私人信件中，发信人常用的结尾套语有：Sincerelyyours,Lo

6、velyyours,Yourlovely,Yourlovingson/daughter等。5.签名（Signature）写信人的签名常位于结尾礼词正下方一二行。除非是给很熟悉的人写信，签名一般须写出全名。签名常常较潦草，不易辨认，因此在签名的正下方须打印出全名。各种信函类型各种信函类型:一、一、邀请信邀请信(ALetterofInvitation)(一)邀请信的种类英文邀请信可分为两种。一种是请柬(invitationcard)，这是一种正规的邀请信，格式严谨而固定，一般适用于较庄重严肃的场合。另一种是一般的邀请信，适用于一些平常的事情的邀请，通常邀请人同被邀请人之间比较熟悉，这种邀请信具有简

7、短、热情的特点。（二）邀请信的写法1.活动名称及目的 写明邀请对方参加什么活动，以及邀请的原因和目的等。2.活动细节及注意事项 写明活动安排的细节及需要告诉对方的注意事项。诸如时间、地点、参加人员、人数，需要做些什么样的准备以及需要穿着什么的服饰。要求穿礼服时，须在请柬的右下角注明dress：formal；较随意时可用：dress：informal。DearMr.Harrison:OurnewfactorywillbecommencingproductiononApril10andweshouldliketoinviteyouandyourwifetobepresentatacelebrati

8、ontomarktheoccasion.Asyouwillappreciatethisisanimportantmilestoneforthisorganization,andistheresultofcontinueddemandforourproducts,bothathomeandoverseas.Weareinvitingallthoseindividualsandtrustthatyouwillpayusthecomplimentsofaccepting.Pleaseconfirmthatyouwillbeabletoattendbyadvisingusofyourtimewecan

9、arrangeforyoutobemet.AllarrangementsforyourstayovernightonApril10will,ofcourse,bemadebyusatourexpense.Yourssincerely,LiMingDearSnoopy,IamgreatlyhonoredtoformallyinviteyoutoparticipateinMr.GuoJingsweddingceremonywithMs.FujiworatobeheldatBeijingGrandHotelfrom8to10p.m.onApril1,2008.Asyouareaclosefriend

10、ofus,wewouldverymuchlikeyoutoattendthecelebrationandshareourjoy.Theoccasionwillstartatsevenoclockintheevening,withtheshowingoftheirweddingceremony.Thiswillbefollowedbyadinnerparty.Ataroundten,wewillholdasmallmusicalsoiree,atwhichabandwillperformsomeworksbyBachandStrauss.Ifyoudonothaveanypriorappoint

11、mentonApril1,welookforwardtothepleasureofyourcompany.Yourssincerely,LiMing常用开头用语开头用语IamwritingtoinviteyoutoIwouldliketoseeyourpresenceatIthinkitwouldbeagoodideaifyoucouldparticipateinIwonderifyoucouldcomeIwouldlikeyoutocomeHowwouldyouliketojoinusin?常用结尾用语结尾用语 MyfamilyandIwouldfeelhonoredifyoucouldco

12、me.Wewouldbelookingforwardtoyourparticipationintheparty.Iwouldliketomeetyouthereandpleaseletmeknowyourdecision.Ireallyhopeyoucanmakeit.Wouldyoupleasedropmealinetoletmeknowifyoucancome?邀请信的回复邀请信的回复邀请信的复信要求简明扼要，在书写时应注意以下几点：1接受邀请的复信中应重复写上邀请信中的某些内容，如邀请年、月、日，星期几、几点钟等，如Ill be delighted to attend your lunc

13、heon next Friday,May the fifth,at twelve oclock.“。2邀请信的复信中应明确表明接受邀请还是不接受邀请，不能含乎其词，如不能写“IllcomeifImintown.”这类的话，以使得对方无法作出安排。在接受邀请的复信中，应对受到邀请表示高兴。谢却的复信中应阐明不能应邀的原由。二二 申请信申请信(ALetterofApplication)申请信主要用于求职或求学,目的是要对方充分了解自己的目的和资格.因此,申请信必须简明扼要,突出重点.申请信可以是针对招聘广告写的,也可以市直接递交给某个单位的.申请信要求语言规范,信息正式,既不能夸张,也不必过于谦虚

14、.申请信的结构一般包括:申请目标,自述理由,介绍资格,请求面试和期待回音等.语言注意点申请信开篇应点明主题，语言简练。接着说明做此申请的原因，即自己所具备的申请条件，这一部分需重点明确，论述充分。最后请求回复并表示感谢时，应采用礼貌、诚恳的措辞。这类信件的主要结构是:1)说明写作目的表明想要获得什么工作或学位，介绍自己，为什么写信若是应聘工作则还需说明何时何地从哪里获得该职位的招聘信息（对公司评估广告效应非常重要)所有这些可以用一句话概括2)介绍相关工作经历及本人个性，以表明你可以胜任这个职位包括教育背景、工作经历、个人能力及成就还可根据情况简单介绍个人爱好和兴趣注意：所有这些内容均应与应聘工

15、作或学位有关系介绍背景时，选词遣字既不过分渲染，又不过分谦虚要给人留下既充满信心又态度诚恳的印象3)表示感谢和期待，恳请招聘单位对自己的申请给予优先考虑，留下联络方式及对对方表示感谢范文：Dear Mr.Moore,I would like to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitress.I am enclosing my resume,which further details my previous work experience and qualifications.Not only d

16、o I have the qualifications and work experience for this job,but I also have the right personality for a waitress.I am a friendly person who can quickly establish a rapport with people of all ages.The fast-paced environment of waiting on tables suits me,because I enjoy working under pressure.My form

17、er boss was surprised at my efficiency in dealing with customers orders.I hope to meet with you to discuss the possibility of working at your restaurant.I can be reached at 4639234 during the days and 924,6868 after 6 p.m.Thank you for considering my application.I look forward to you in the near fut

18、ure.Yours sincerely Li Ming DearSirs,Iaminterestedinattendingyourcollegetopreparemyselfforacareerinteaching,probablyatthesecondarylevel,andwouldliketakethechancetotalkwithyouaboutcertificationrequirementsandtheprogramsopentomeatOpenUniversity.Asmytwochildren(agedfourandsix)stillrequireconsiderableat

19、tention,Iamnotfreeatpresenttoattendschoolonafull-timebasis.However,Iwouldliketobeginassoonaspossibleifapart-timeprogramcanbearranged.IamagraduateofLondonUniversity,classof1996,whereImajoredinEnglishandminoredinmathematics.Mychoiceofteachingfiledwouldprobablybeoneofthesetwosubjects.Enclosedisaresumeo

20、fmybackgroundandexperience.Iwillcallyourofficeinafewdaysforanappointment.Faithfullyyours,Jane常见求职及申请信的导语句型：Iamwritingtoapplyfor.IwishtoapplyforthepostmentionedinyouradvertisementinBeijingDailyofMarch21.Iamwritingtoexpressmyinterestin.Iamwritingtoformallyrequest.Ishouldliketoapplyforthejobadvertisedi

21、nyesterdaysnewspaper.Youradvertisementforasalemanagerinhasimpressedme.IfeelIcanfillthatvacancyTherequirementsoutlinedinyouradvertisementmakesmeconfidentthatIamqualifiedfortheposition.IamwritinginresponsetoyouradvertisementforthepositionofItiswithconsiderableinterestthatIenclosemyresumeinresponsetoyo

22、uradvertisementforaHumanResourcesManager.表示信心、能力或兴趣的方式：表示信心、能力或兴趣的方式：Ifeelthatsimilarcontributionsmightbemadetoyourfirmaswell.Ifeelthat,withmyoverallqua1ificationsanddesire,Icouldcontributesignificantlytoyourcompany.IfeelthatIcanmakeastrongcontributiontoyourcompany.Iwouldappeartohaveexcellentqualifi

23、cationsforthisposition.IfeelconfidentthatIcanprovidethekindofleadershipthatyouareseekingfor.Iamconvincedthatmyinteresttogetherwithmyacademicbackgroundandworkingexperienceswillmakemebetterqualifiedinapplyingacourseofahigherlevel.在信尾表达进一步联系的愿望，表示感谢的方式：Afteryouhavereviewedtheenclosedcurriculumvitae,Iwo

24、uldappreciateanopportunitytodiscusshowImaycontributetoyourdepartment.Iwouldbepleasedtohavetheopportunitytointerviewwith.IwouldappreciatetheopportunitytodiscusshowImightfurthercontributetoyour.ThankyouagainandIlookforwardtohearingfromyoushortly.Iamveryinterestedinthispositionandwouldappreciatetheoppo

25、rtunitytofurtherdiscussduringaface-to-faceinterview.Thankyouforyouconsideration.ThankyouagainandIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldcontactmeassoonaspossible.IfthereisanythingfurtherIcouldaddtoareviewofmyqualificationsorgoals,pleasedonothesitatetocall.Ihopetohearfromyousoon

26、.三、询问信三、询问信(ALetterofInquiry)询问信的主要目的是寻求所需信息，通常包括以下几个方面的内容：首先表明写作意图，说明写这封信的目的是要寻求什么样的信息；然后就某一具体问题进行询问；最后表明获取信息的急切心情，可以提供联系方式以便收信人与你联系，并表达你的感谢之情。提示：询问信的语气通常比较正式、和缓，要充分表达感激之情。同时，相比较语气直接的疑问句，用一些能够起到提问作用的陈述句更佳。具体写作步骤：首段：简单叙述题目场景，说明写作意图，清楚表明写这封信的目的是要寻求什么样的信息。主体段落：询问具体问题。可以问一些与命题所设置的问题相关的内容，但这些问题必须是与题目本身要

27、求获取的信息是有相关性的。考生也可以自己认为比较重要的问题单独列一个段落，将其内容细化。考生可以根据虚拟的自身情况提出相关的问题。结尾段：表明急切获取信息的心情，提供联系方式以便收信人与你联络，对收信人所能给予的任何帮助都要表示感谢，即使你知道这些帮助是收信人应该做的。在写咨询信时特别要注意使用句式的选择，在询问问题时要使用“Wouldyoupleasetellme”之类的正式疑问句式。必背模版句型必背模版句型IwonderifyoucouldtellmetheinformationaboutIamwritingfortheinformationaboutIwouldbeforevergrat

28、efulifyoucouldsendmeinformationconcerningIwouldliketoknowwhetheryoucanprovidemewithinformationregardingIwishtorequestmaterialsforIdverymuchappreciateyouradviceonsuchmattersashowtocontacttheofficerswhowouldbewillingtoassistWouldyoubesokindtotellme？Ilookforwardtoyourimmediateresponse.Yourattentiontoth

29、isletterwouldbehighlyappreciated.Iamwaitingforyourquickreply.Thankyouinadvanceforyourcooperation/assistance.Iamwritingtoaskforinformationabout.DearSirorMadam，IhavetalkedtotheSunshineTravelAgencyabouttheirvacationpackage，whichincludesfor$158.00roundtripairfaretoSanDiego，plusaccommodationsforfourdaysa

30、ndthreenightsattheGloriousHotel，andonedaysuseofarentalcarwithunlimitedmileage.Therefore，Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldsupplymewiththefollowinginformation.PleaseletmeknowwhetheryoudoindeedhavesuchanarrangementwithbudgettravelingofSanDiego，thetourpromoter.Arethereanysurchargesortimerestrictions？Wearetenta

31、tivelyplanningtotakeourvacationinearlyJune.Thankyouinadvanceforyourassistanceandhopetohearfromyousoon.Yourstruly，DianaMoore四、四、投诉信投诉信(ALetterofComplaint)在人们的生活中经常会发生一些事情，比如消费利益受损、正常生活和工作受到干扰等等令人伤脑筋的事情，有时写封投诉信不失为一个解决的办法。投诉信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明投诉的原因并表示遗憾；实事求是地阐述问题发生的经过，切记不要夸大其词；指出问题引起的后果；提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取

32、措施或者提出所希望的赔偿以及补救方式。投诉信的结构投诉信的结构（1）开头：自我介绍，交代投诉内容，表明本信的目的和要求。（2）正文：说明情况，讲清利害，分析利弊。告诉对方你因此受到的伤害或不便，提出解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。（3）结尾：表达希望问题得到迅速恰当解决的强烈愿望，希望尽快得到满意的答复。DearSirorMadam,ItwassomewhatirritatingtofindthattheEnglish-ChinesedictionaryyousenttomeonDec.13th,2009wastotallyunacceptable.Thedictionarywasagrea

33、tdisappointment,forwhenitarrived,itwasfarbehindthedateyoupromisedtosendittome.Besides,thewrappingslookedwornanddirty.Andmoresurprisingly,whenIopenedthedictionary,Ifoundmorethan20pagesofitmissing(p.123top.136).Idbegratefulifyoucouldsendmeareplacementandrefundmypostage(stateamount).Ireallyappreciateyo

34、urhelp.Yoursfaithfully,LiMing投诉信常用语1)有礼貌地说明所犯错误或指出问题1.Iamwritingtocomplainabout-2.Iwritetoexpressmyconcern/dissatisfactionabout3.Iwouldliketoexpressmydisappointmentabout-4.Wehavereceivedyour(invoice/consignment)5.Withreferencetoyourinvoiceof-Imustpointout-6.Accordingto-,thecorrectfigureis-7.Onchecki

35、ngthegoods,wediscoveredthat200radiosweremissing.8.Yourinvoicestatesthattheconsignmentcontainsradios,butinfact.2)要求对方采取措施1.Iwillappreciateanythingyoucandotohelpme2.Itrustyouwilltakemycomplaintseriously.3.Iwould,however,beperfectlysatisfiedifyouwouldkindlyreplacetheitemorrefundmymoney,whicheverismorec

36、onvenient.4.Weshouldbeobligedifyoucouldinvestigatethesematters.5.Weshouldbethankfulifyoucouldgiveusarefundforthefaultygoods.6.WeshallappreciateverymuchifyoucouldreplacethedamagedgoodsbyTuesday.3)期盼对方回复1.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.2.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyouatyourearliestconvenience.3.Ilookf

37、orwardtoyourearlyreply.五、道歉信五、道歉信(ALetterofApology)我们在工作或生活中，有时难免会犯一些错误，写封致歉信就显得很有必要。道歉信通常包括以下内容：表示歉意；道歉的原由；出现差错的原因;提出弥补措施；请求原谅。写道歉信的语言要诚挚,解释的理由要真实，不要显出丝毫的虚情假意。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解，还会增进彼此的感情。写作“三步走”：表示歉意-说明具体原因、提出补救办法-再次致歉、希望得到理解.提示：在写作过程中，尽可能提供比较合理的理由。如果违反生活常识将导致扣分；在解释完原因后，尽量提供一个合适的补救办法，使行文更加完满。常用语：常用语：

38、Thankyouforyourinvitationtodinneratyourhometomorrowevening.Unfortunately,itismuchtomyregretthatIcannot.Ifeelterriblysorryformissingthechanceof.Isitpossibleforyouandmetohaveaprivatemeetingafterwards?Ifso,pleasedonthesitatetodropmeacallaboutyourpreferabledate.Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain.Directions:Yo

39、uareinvitedtoadinneratafriendshouse,butyouarenotabletoattendbecauseofthepreparationforacomingexamination.Write a letter to your friends to express your apology,explain your reason,and suggest a meeting at another time。DearAnne,Thankyouforyourinvitationtodinneratyourhometomorrowevening.Unfortunately,

40、itismuchtomyregretthatIcannotjoinyouandyourfamily,becauseIwillbefullyoccupiedthenforanimportantexamcomingthedayaftertomorrow.Ifeelterriblysorryformissingthechanceofsuchahappyget-together,andIhopethatallofyouenjoyagoodtime.Isitpossibleforyouandmetohaveaprivatemeetingafterward?Ifso,pleasedonthesitatet

41、odropmealineaboutyourpreferabledate.Idolongforapleasantchatwithyou。Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain。Regards,LiMing六、六、感谢信感谢信(ALetterofThanks)英文感谢信是商务信函中经常出现的题材。在商务交往中，如果受到邀请，得到对方的照顾提携，或是得到了他人的帮助、推荐、介绍后最好去封感谢信表达真诚的谢意。感谢信通常应一事一谢，篇幅要注意简短，措词要自然，语气要诚恳。感谢信的开头应简述写感谢信的目的。感谢信的主要部分，应特别指出由于对方的帮助，使自己所得到的益处。感谢信的最后有时

42、可再次表达感谢之意，也可表达希望继续合作、保持联络的愿望或有机会报答对方的承诺等。英语感谢信常用语句英语感谢信常用语句:Manythanksforyourkindandwarmhelp.Manythanksforyourkindandwarmhelp.Iamgreatlyindebtedtoyouforyourhelp.Iamgreatlyindebtedtoyouforyourhelp.Thankyouforyourgeneroushospitality.Thankyouforyourgeneroushospitality.ItwasreallyexcitingtogetyourNewYea

43、rItwasreallyexcitingtogetyourNewYearscard!scard!IImsincerelygratefulforallyourhelpinfindingmeamsincerelygratefulforallyourhelpinfindingmeaplace.place.Yournoteofcongratulationsisdeeplyappreciated.Yournoteofcongratulationsisdeeplyappreciated.ThankyoufordoingsomuchtomakemytripThankyoufordoingsomuchtoma

44、kemytripinteresting.interesting.Thankyouforyourkindnesstohavedonemeafavour.Thankyouforyourkindnesstohavedonemeafavour.Onbehalfofmywholefamily，IwouldliketoextendmysinceregratitudeforNothingwillbeabletoeraseourwonderfulmemories，wewillnurturethemforever.Thanksagainforyourkindhelp.Mytruegratitudeisbeyon

45、danywordsdescription.Pleaseacceptmythanks，nowandalways.DearMr.Green,IappreciatedthechancetomeetwithyouyesterdayaboutthepositionofAssistantinMarketingwithOpenCompany.Ireallyenjoyedmeetingwithmembersoftheofficeandlearningaboutthejob.Theentireteamcertainlyseemstobehighlyskilledandmotivatedandtheworkits

46、elfseemsasrewardingasitischallenging.Fromourdiscussion,IgainedastrongsenseofOpenCompanyscommitmenttotheirclientsandtheiremployees.Ialsoenjoyedourdiscussionofmyopportunitiesandfuturewithinthefirm.IfeelstronglythatIpossessthequalitiesrequiredasanassistant.Ibelievemyeducationandexperienceshavepreparedm

47、ewellforafuturewithyou.Ieagerlyexpectournextmeeting.Thankyouforconsideringmeforthisopportunity.Sincerelyyours,LiMingDearMr.Green,Thankyouverymuchforseeingmeyesterday.TheinterviewconfirmedwhatothershavetoldmethatOpenCompanywouldbeaterrificplaceforsomeonewithmanyskillsandinterests.IamconvincedthatIcou

48、ldmakeanimpactandaddvalueasanAssistantinyourdepartment.Aswereviewedmybackground,Ihopethatyoucametoasimilarconclusion.Itwasindeedapleasuretodiscusstheopportunitieswithyou.Ithankyouagainfortheopportunityandlookforwardtoournextinteraction.Again,youcanreachmeeverydayat123456,oryoumayleaveamessageonmyans

49、weringmachine,andIwillreturnyourcallpromptly.SincerelyYours,LiMIng范文范文:Directions:YouhavebeenentertainedbyyourfriendGaoJiewhenyoustayedinBeijingonvacation.Writealettertohimto1)thankhimforentertainingyou,2)describeyourfeeling,and3)invitehimtovisityourhometown.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyour

50、ownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.DearGaoJie,Firstofall,pleaseallowmetosay“Thankyou”toyou.ItisverykindofyoutospareyourvaluabletimeaccompanyingandentertainingmeduringtheperiodofmyvacationinBeijing.ThatwasmyfirsttimetovisitBeijing,andIwasunfamiliarwiththecity.WhenIcalledyou,youweresokindto