单项选则试题的命制技.ppt

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1、单项选则试题的命制单项选则试题的命制技技一一道道好好的的单单选选试试题题应应该该能能够够利利用用题题中中的的相相关关信信息息引引导导学学生生将将语语言言的的形形式式、语语言言的的意意义义以以及及语语言言的的运运用用有有机机地地结结合合在在一一起起，使使学学生生在在答答题题过过程程中中能能够够通通过过自自身身语语言言知知识识的的积积累累理理解解题题干干中中的的主主要要信信息息，然然后后再再进进行行分分析析、判判断断，最最后后得得出出结结论论。而而不不能能让让学学生生只只是是通通过过句句子子的的结结构构、句句子子中中的的固固定定搭搭配配或或套套用用某某个个语语法法项项目目来来寻寻找找答答案案。因因

2、此此单单选选试试题题的的考考查查点点并并不不仅仅仅仅是是所所设设的的选选项项，对对题题干干部部分分语语言言信信息息的的理理解解程程度度也也是是考考查查的的一一个个重重要要内内容容。因因此此命命题题时时命命题题人人对对试试卷卷中中每每道道单单选选试试题题所所传传达达的的信信息息内内容容及及这这个个信信息息与与所所设设置置的的考考点点的的关关系系是是否否一一致致等等因因素素都都是是决决定定该该试试题题成成功功与与否否的的关关键键之之所所在。在。一、单项选则试题题干的设置一、单项选则试题题干的设置1、单项选则试题题干设置中应注意的问题。、单项选则试题题干设置中应注意的问题。（1）题干部分所提供的信息

3、必须有它相对的完）题干部分所提供的信息必须有它相对的完 整性，这样才能形成一个完整的语境。整性，这样才能形成一个完整的语境。（2）题干部分所提供的信息必须对试题中的考）题干部分所提供的信息必须对试题中的考点有约束作用，成为推断答案的重要依据。否点有约束作用，成为推断答案的重要依据。否则这一信息所设置出的语境就失去了意义，试则这一信息所设置出的语境就失去了意义，试题仍旧停留在对单纯的词汇及语法项目的考核题仍旧停留在对单纯的词汇及语法项目的考核上。上。The Whites came to China and started _here five years ago.The Whites came

4、to China and started _here five years ago.A.livedA.livedB.live B.live C.livingC.livingD.to live inD.to live in例例例例 1 1：Im going to look for another job_the company offers me more Im going to look for another job_the company offers me more money.money.（C C）A.after B.when C.unless D.if A.after B.when

5、C.unless D.if例例例例 2 2：The boys The boys _when Miss Zhang came into the classroom.So when Miss Zhang came into the classroom.So she was very angryshe was very angry（C C）A.are talking loudly B.are cleaning the classroomA.are talking loudly B.are cleaning the classroomC.were fighting D.were learning En

6、glishC.were fighting D.were learning English例例 3：My sister is a _girl,she always makes mistakes whatever she does.(D)A.careful B.hard-working C.kind D.careless情景一情景一：My sister is a _girl,she never makes mistakes whatever she does.(A)情景二情景二：My sister is a _girl,she always works till midnight.(B)情景三情景

7、三：My sister is a _girl,she always helps those who need help.(C)例例例例 4 4：The rain makes us_.we think the trees that weThe rain makes us_.we think the trees that weplanted yesterday will grow well.(A)planted yesterday will grow well.(A)A.happy B.worried C.sad D.sickA.happy B.worried C.sad D.sick情景一：情景

8、一：情景一：情景一：The rain makes us_.we think the trees are too youngThe rain makes us_.we think the trees are too youngto bear(to bear(经得起经得起经得起经得起)the heavy rain.(B)the heavy rain.(B)情景二：情景二：情景二：情景二：The rain makes me_.It often reminds me of myThe rain makes me_.It often reminds me of mygrandpa who died on

9、 a rainy day.(C)grandpa who died on a rainy day.(C)情景三：情景三：情景三：情景三：The rain makes us_.We have been(tired of)The rain makes us_.We have been(tired of)hearing it the whole week!(D)hearing it the whole week!(D)例例例例 5 5：-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-B

10、ecause the traffic was terrible.(A)-Because the traffic was terrible.(A)A.why you came late for B.how you like A.why you came late for B.how you like C.when you got to D.who you saw at C.when you got to D.who you saw at情景一：情景一：情景一：情景一：-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-Could you tell me_the m

11、eeting yesterday?-Its very successful.(B)-Its very successful.(B)情景二：情景二：情景二：情景二：-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-At 3:00 pm.(C)-At 3:00 pm.(C)情景三：情景三：情景三：情景三：-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-Could you tell me_the meeting yesterday?-My old f

12、riend,Mr White.(D)-My old friend,Mr White.(D)2、对单纯的词汇及语法试题的修改。、对单纯的词汇及语法试题的修改。为单纯考查词汇及语法项目的试题添加为单纯考查词汇及语法项目的试题添加一些必要的信息营造出特定的语境，同时可一些必要的信息营造出特定的语境，同时可以对原题干进行修饰和限制。在必要情况下以对原题干进行修饰和限制。在必要情况下可以适当地调整选项。可以适当地调整选项。例例 1：John is my friend.He is_ than me.(B)A.tall B.taller C.the tallest D.tallest情景一：情景一：-Is

13、John the tallest in your class?-No,Mike is_ than him.(B)A.shorter B.taller C.the tallest D.the shortest 情景二：情景二：-Is John the shortest in your class?-No,Mike is_than him.(A)A.shorter B.taller C.the tallest D.the shortest 情景三：-Is John the tallest in your class?-No,Mike is_.(C)A.shorter B.taller C.the

14、tallest D.the shortest 情景四：-Is John the shortest in your class?-No,Mike is_.(D)A.shorter B.taller C.the tallest D.the shortest 例例例例 2 2：I _gentle music to rock music.I _gentle music to rock music.A.dont like A.dont like B.preferB.prefer C.like D.dont mind C.like D.dont mind情景一：情景一：情景一：情景一：-Sally,do

15、you like rock music?-Sally,do you like rock music?-Yes.But I _ music that is quiet and gentle-Yes.But I _ music that is quiet and gentleIt makes It makes me feel more relaxed.(B)me feel more relaxed.(B)情景二：情景二：情景二：情景二：-Sally,do you like rock music?-Sally,do you like rock music?-Yes.But I _music that

16、 is quiet and gentle-Yes.But I _music that is quiet and gentleIt makes It makes me sick.(A)me sick.(A)情景三：情景三：情景三：情景三：-Sally,do you like rock music?-Sally,do you like rock music?-Yes.But my sister _music that is quiet and gentle.(C)-Yes.But my sister _music that is quiet and gentle.(C)例例例例 3 3：I don

17、t remember_.(C)I dont remember_.(C)A.where did I met Jack B.how I meet Jack A.where did I met Jack B.how I meet Jack C.what Jack said D.when I meet Jack C.what Jack said D.when I meet Jack 情景一：情景一：情景一：情景一：-Did you meet Jack last week?-Did you meet Jack last week?-Yes.But I cant remember _.Maybe-Yes.

18、But I cant remember _.Maybe last Wednesday.(D)last Wednesday.(D)A.where I met him B.how I meet him A.where I met him B.how I meet him C.what did he say D.when I met him C.what did he say D.when I met him 情景二：情景二：情景二：情景二：-Did you meet Jack last week?-Did you meet Jack last week?-Yes.But I cant rememb

19、er _.Maybe-Yes.But I cant remember _.Maybe on the way to school.(A)on the way to school.(A)A.where I met him B.how I meet him A.where I met him B.how I meet him C.what did he say D.when I met him C.what did he say D.when I met him 二、单项选则试题选项的设置。二、单项选则试题选项的设置。1、考查词汇、短语、固定用法、口语交际、考查词汇、短语、固定用法、口语交际或句意理

20、解的试题。其目的是考查学生对题或句意理解的试题。其目的是考查学生对题干中相关语言信息理解的准确度及对相关语干中相关语言信息理解的准确度及对相关语言知识的掌握情况。言知识的掌握情况。（1）所设置的选项其语言形式相似，比）所设置的选项其语言形式相似，比如，容易混淆的相同或相近的词所构成的短如，容易混淆的相同或相近的词所构成的短语或意思相近的词或短语。语或意思相近的词或短语。例例 1：-Do you know_aretheOlympicGamesheld?-Certainly.Everyfouryears.(D)A.Howfar B.Howsoon C.Howmany D.Howoften 例例 2

21、：-You sing so well.Im sure youll be a good singer when you grow up.-Thank you.Maybe I_ my father.He is a professional singer.(B)A.look after B.take after C.take care of D.look like例例 3：-Shall we leave now?-Dont hurry.We still have _ time left.（08北京朝阳）北京朝阳）A.little B.a little C.few D.a few例例 4：Mrs.Gr

22、een is out.I have to _ her baby.(08北京朝阳北京朝阳)A.look around B.look up C.look for D.look after (2)同一系列的与题干的主要内容相关的形同一系列的与题干的主要内容相关的形容词、副词、连词、关联词或意思相近的词、容词、副词、连词、关联词或意思相近的词、短语或句子及意思相反的词、短语或句子，短语或句子及意思相反的词、短语或句子，且无语法错误。且无语法错误。例例 1：-I have a question here,Lily.Who can answer it in your class?-_can.Its qui

23、te easy.(B)A.Neith os us B.All of us C.None of us D.both of us例例 2：-I want a cup of coffee.What about you,Peter？-Im a little hungry.Id like_to eat.(C)A.nothing B.everything C.something D.anything例例例例 3 3：-Li Lei,would you please tell me something about -Li Lei,would you please tell me something abou

24、t Beijing Opera?Beijing Opera?-Sorry,I know little about it.Youd better ask Miss-Sorry,I know little about it.Youd better ask Miss Huang.She is very_.Im sure you can learn a lot Huang.She is very_.Im sure you can learn a lot from her.(C)from her.(C)A.confident B.creative A.confident B.creative C.kno

25、wledgeable D.energetic C.knowledgeable D.energetic例例例例 4 4：I dont think watching English movies is a good way to I dont think watching English movies is a good way to learn English.Because people always pay more learn English.Because people always pay more attention to_.(A)attention to_.(A)A.the plo

26、ts instead of the language A.the plots instead of the language B.both the plots and the languageB.both the plots and the languageC.only the language C.only the language D.either the plots or the languageD.either the plots or the language2 2、对于在语境中考查语法项目的试题，所设置的选项应、对于在语境中考查语法项目的试题，所设置的选项应、对于在语境中考查语法项

27、目的试题，所设置的选项应、对于在语境中考查语法项目的试题，所设置的选项应即能考查学生的语法知识掌握得是否扎实，又应注重考查即能考查学生的语法知识掌握得是否扎实，又应注重考查即能考查学生的语法知识掌握得是否扎实，又应注重考查即能考查学生的语法知识掌握得是否扎实，又应注重考查学生对语法知识在特定语境中的具体运用能力。因此在设学生对语法知识在特定语境中的具体运用能力。因此在设学生对语法知识在特定语境中的具体运用能力。因此在设学生对语法知识在特定语境中的具体运用能力。因此在设置选项时，语法正确不能成为判断答案的唯一标准，应将置选项时，语法正确不能成为判断答案的唯一标准，应将置选项时，语法正确不能成为判

28、断答案的唯一标准，应将置选项时，语法正确不能成为判断答案的唯一标准，应将所要考查的语法项目与对该题干中信息的理解融合到一所要考查的语法项目与对该题干中信息的理解融合到一所要考查的语法项目与对该题干中信息的理解融合到一所要考查的语法项目与对该题干中信息的理解融合到一起，综合地进行判断。所以设置的选项可以是易混淆的语起，综合地进行判断。所以设置的选项可以是易混淆的语起，综合地进行判断。所以设置的选项可以是易混淆的语起，综合地进行判断。所以设置的选项可以是易混淆的语法现象，也可以是语法形式正确但语意不同的语言项目。法现象，也可以是语法形式正确但语意不同的语言项目。法现象，也可以是语法形式正确但语意不

29、同的语言项目。法现象，也可以是语法形式正确但语意不同的语言项目。但无论哪种方式的选项的设置都不应该脱离特定的语言使但无论哪种方式的选项的设置都不应该脱离特定的语言使但无论哪种方式的选项的设置都不应该脱离特定的语言使但无论哪种方式的选项的设置都不应该脱离特定的语言使用背景，不能单纯地从语法形式或句子结构来让学生进行用背景，不能单纯地从语法形式或句子结构来让学生进行用背景，不能单纯地从语法形式或句子结构来让学生进行用背景，不能单纯地从语法形式或句子结构来让学生进行辨别。辨别。辨别。辨别。反面示例：反面示例：1.Excuse me,sir.Could you tell me_?(C)A.where

30、is the bank nearest B.where is the nearest bankC.where the nearest bank is D.the nearest bank is where 2.-Could you tell me _?(D)-Because she likes her students very much.A.why so many students like the teacher B.why do so many students like the teacherC.why did so many students like the teacherD.wh

31、y so many students liked the teacher例例 1：-Where is Mrs.Smith?-She isnt here.She _ to England.（08北京朝阳）北京朝阳）(A)A.has gone B.has been C.went D.goes例例 2：Im waiting for my friend._,Ill go shopping alone.(08 重庆重庆)(C)A.If she comes B.If she will come C.If she doesnt come D.if she wont come例例例例 3 3：Nowadays

32、 meteorologists(Nowadays meteorologists(气象学家气象学家气象学家气象学家)can make good)can make good forecast for 3 or 5 days.Perhaps soon they may be able forecast for 3 or 5 days.Perhaps soon they may be able to do that for a week or _.to do that for a week or _.（0909山东）山东）山东）山东）(A)(A)A.more ahead A.more ahead B.

33、more behind B.more behind C.less ahead C.less ahead D.less behind D.less behind 例例例例 4 4：Nick _a job in a bank,he didnt take it.Nick _a job in a bank,he didnt take it.(09(09杭州）杭州）杭州）杭州）(C)(C)A.is offered B.offered A.is offered B.offered C.was offered C.was offered D.has offered D.has offered例例 5：-Can you tell me _for the 60th China National Day?-A wonderful parade.(09 连云港连云港)(A)A.what is going to be held B.who is going to be invitedC.how much money will be raised D.how long will it last谢谢 谢！谢！