仁爱英语八年级unit 3知识点归纳.doc

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1、仁爱英语八年级unit 3知识点归纳topic 1 i love collecting stamps一.重点词汇hobby 爱好 vacation假期 painting 绘画 friendship友谊 knowledge 知识daily 每日的 whether 是否 such as 例如 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事take a bath 洗澡 be interested in 对感兴趣 go dancing 跳舞 go boating 划船 play volleyball 打排球swimming 游泳 drawing 画画 collecting stamps 集邮 coll

2、ecting coins 收藏硬币listening to pop music 听流行音乐 listening to classical music 听古典音乐listening to symphony 听交响乐 walking in the countryside 在乡间散步二.重点句型：1.wow! so many stamps!(page 53)哇，那么多的邮票！本句意为：there are so many stamps.so many意思是“那么多”，so much意思也是“那么多”。如：1）there are so many flowers. or:so many flowers！这

3、里有这么多的花。2)there is so much water on the table. or: so much water!桌子上有那么多的水。2. we can learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps. (page 53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。a lot “许多、大量”，用在动词后，同very much。如:另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”，要用在名词前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。在口语中尤其如

4、此。a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别，都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时，动词用单数，与可数名词连用时，动词用复数。3.would you like to collect any of these things? (page 53)你想集下面这些东西吗?would you like to +动词原形，表示“想要”如:would you like to have something to drink?你想要点喝的吗？4. what things do you love collecting? (page 53)你喜欢集什么东西？love + doing表示“喜欢

5、、爱好”，也可以用like+ doing表示。如：i love listening to the music.我爱好听音乐。5.i am interested in playing sports. (page 54)我对运动感兴趣。be interested in (doing) sth. “对感兴趣”如:1）iam interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴趣。2）jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。6.what do you often do in your spare time? (page 55) 在你的业余时

6、间里面你都做些什么啊？in ones spare time “在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”，也可用in ones free time替换。如:in my free time/ in my spare time i often go to the movies.在闲暇之际，我常去看电影。7. i often go fishing. (page 55)我经常去钓鱼。go + doing表示“去做某事” go +v-ing结构很常用，多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如:lets go fishing next sunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧.are you going hiking this wee

7、kend?这个周末你打算去远足吗？另外还有：go hunting去打猎go shooting去射击go swimming,go bathing 去沐浴go shopping,go climbing 去爬山8.and i do a lot of reading. (page 55)我通常都是阅读一些书籍。在英语中有不少由“do + doing”的结构，表示“干某事”。如：清扫do some cleaningdo a lot of cleaning散步do some walking do a lot of walking 读书do somereadingdo a lot of reading洗衣服

8、do somewashingdo a lot of washing 买东西do some shoppingdo a lot of shopping9.im a movie fan. (page 55)我是一个电影迷。fan(运动、电影等)狂热爱好者。如:a film / football / star fan同时，fan作为名词还有“风扇”的意思。如：electric fan 电扇。10.why not go out and do some outdoor activities? (page 55)为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢？这是一个省略句，全句可以说成why shall we not g

9、o out and do some outdoor activities?常在口语中使用，用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文，如：why not meet at the school gate?我们在校门口见面好吗？/ why not run a little faster?为什么不跑快一点呢？some“一些、几个”，用在疑问句中, 表示希望得到肯定回答。如：1）would you like to give us some good advice?请给我们一些好的建议好吗？2）would you like some coffee or tea?请问，你是想喝咖啡还是茶？1

10、1.my interests are changing all the time. (page 56) 我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。all the time“总是、一直”。如：why are you playing all the time? 你为什么总是玩啊？look at these monkeys, they are jumping all the time.看看这些猴子，它们一直跳个不停。12. and i wasnt interested in sports at all. (page 56)我对运动一点兴趣都没有。not.at all “一点也不”；“全然不”。如： i didn

11、t mind it at all. 我一点也不在意。thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。not at all.没关系。he didnt know that at all. 他对此事一无所知。13. but now, my hobbies are sports, like soccer and swimming. (page 56)但是现在我的爱好是体育，比如足球和游泳。like“像，好比”。如：he swims very quickly like a fish.他游泳非常地快，像一条鱼。14. i never miss any important soccer ga

12、mes. (page 56)我从未错过任何一场重要的足球比赛。never “未曾、从未”，表示否定。如：i have never met him before.我以前从未见过他。15. little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”；“很少”。little相当于not much, few相当于not many。little与不可数名词连用, few与可数名词复数连用。如：i have little time.我的时间很少。/i understood little of his speech.他的话我没有明白多少。few of the students passed the exam.没有几

13、个学生考试及格。/few people would agree with him.没有多少人同意他。而a little和a few含有肯定的意思，表示“一些”；“几个”（虽然少，但有一些）。如：1)i know a little french.我多少还懂点儿法语。 2) theres a little water in the glass.杯子里还有点儿水。3) can you stay a few days longer?你能多呆几天吗？ 4)i still have a few friends in beijing.我在北京还有几个朋友。16. i enjoy listening to r

14、ock music. (page 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。like, love, enjoy和prefer，这四个词都有“喜欢”之意，但用法不同。试比较：like意为“喜欢、爱好”，语气较弱，其后可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词等作宾语。like也常跟复合宾语，宾语补足语常用动词不定式。如：in england， many people like fish and chips.在英国，许多人喜欢鱼和油炸土豆条。）jack likes playing football.杰克爱踢足球。i dont like to eat apples now.现在我不想吃苹果。love意为“爱，热爱，喜欢”，常指对

15、祖国、亲人及朋友的爱，也可用于事物，强调非常喜欢，具有较强的感情色彩。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词或不定式作宾语。如： father loves his work.爸爸热爱他的工作。i love watching tv.我爱看电视。 children love to play this game.孩子们爱做这种游戏。we all love our great motherland.我们热爱我们伟大的祖国。enjoy意为“喜欢，欣赏”，含有“乐于、享受之乐趣”之意，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。many foreigners enjoy chi

16、nese food.很多外国人喜欢中国菜。did you enjoy yourself in the zoo?你在动物园玩得愉快吗?the greens enjoy living in china.格林一家喜欢在中国住。prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”，常用于两者之间的选择，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer.to.表示“宁愿，不愿”，“喜欢而不喜欢”，其中to为介词，后可跟名词或动名词。如：which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你比较喜欢喝茶,还是喝咖啡？i prefer walking to cycling.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。my brot

17、her likes maths, but i prefer english.我哥哥喜欢数学，而我更喜欢英语。17nobody. i taught myself. ( page 57) 没有任何人，我自学的。teach oneself “自学、自修”。teach动词“教授、教”有些动词后常跟反身代词，如：enjoy oneself “过得愉快”, help oneself “随便吃（用）”。如：she teaches history in our school.她在我们学校教历史。she taught his son english when he was 3 years old.她儿子3岁时，

18、她就教他英语。did you enjoy yourselves in the party?你们在舞会上玩得愉快吗？help yourself to some fruit.请随便吃些水果吧。18when people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy. when people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner.(p58)当人们变老的时候，爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候，爱好还可以帮助他们很快地康复。本句中become, keep, be, 与get都是系动词。系动词的基

19、本用法是其后加形容词做表语。系动词一共可以分为两大类：表示状态的和表示状态变化的。系动词表示状态的又分为以下三类：1)be, seem, appear等。2)由感官动词变化而来的，翻译成中文通常可以翻译成“起来”，这些系动词有：look, sound, feel, taste, smell等。3)由不及物动词转化而来的，这些系动词有：stand, keep, prove, remain系动词表示状态变化的包括：become, go, get, grow, turn, fall等。如：coffee smells nice.咖啡闻起来好香。 after hearing that, his face

20、 went red.听完，他的脸红了。the days get longer and longer in spring.春天白天变得越来越长了。19pink likes to have a bath.( page 59) pink喜欢洗澡。have a bath 洗澡短语have a bath与动词bathe意思一样，但前者表示在有限的时间里进行某项活动。如：游泳have a swim谈一谈 have a talk 洗一洗have a wash骑马have a ride看一看have a look休息一下have a rest三.语法学习1.i used to listen to rock m

21、usic but now i collect telephone cards and paintings. (page 53)我过去常听摇滚乐，可现在我集电话卡和画。used to do sth. 这一结构表示过去的习惯（过去经常反复发生的动作）或状态（暗含的意思是现在已不复存在），只有一种形式，即过去式，用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为：used not to do或didnt use to do。疑问句为used you to. ? 或 did you use to.?如：1）i used to go to school on foot.我过去步行上学。（暗含的意思是：我现在不再步

22、行上学了。）2）mary used to sleep late.玛莉过去总是很晚才睡觉。（暗含的意思是：玛莉现在睡觉不再那么晚了。）另外，注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别：be used to doing sth “习惯于，适应于”如:he is used to working hard. 他习惯于努力地工作。he used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如： wood is used to make p

23、aper. 木材被用来生产纸张。computers can be used to do a lot of work now. 如今电脑可用来做许多事。2. collecting stamps must be great fun! (page 53)集邮肯定很有趣！must在这里是情态动词，作用是用来表示推测，可以翻译为“想必”。如:1)your brother must be in the school. i saw him just now.你的哥哥想必在学校。我刚才看见他了。2)your friend must have left for nanjing yesterday.你的朋友想必昨

24、天已经离开去南京了。情态动词must的三种否定形式must表示“必须”时，其否定回答为dont have to，意思为“不需要”。如:1）must i pay back the money right now? no, you dont have to.我必须现在偿还这笔钱吗？不，你不需要现在还。2）you must listen to the teacher carefully in class.你必须在课堂上认真听讲。must表示“推测”时，其否定形式为cant，意思为“不可能”。如:1）ive seen what she is talking about, so she cant be

25、telling lies.我目睹了她所说的事情，因此，她不可能在说谎。2）yesterday i received a letter from him, so he cant be here.昨天我收到了他的信，所以说他不可能在这儿。而must not的意思为“绝对不可，不许，禁止”。如：1）you must not smoke in the hospital.你绝对不可以在医院里吸烟。2）you must not cross the road when the traffic lights are red.交通灯是红色时，你千万不能过马路。3.he doesnt mind whether t

26、heyre good or not. ( page 59)他并不介意它们是否是好的。此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether.or not“不论是否”。如：1）you have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.你必须天天早点起床，不论是否下雨。2）whether we go or not matters little.不论我们是否去，关系不大。if与whether的区别。二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。但下列几种情况不能换用：（1）whether 后可紧接or not，而if一般不能，如：let me know wh

27、ether or not you can come.你能来还是不能来，请告诉我一声。（2）whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前，if则不能。如：whether this is true or not, i can not say.这件事是否真实，我说不上。（3）不定式前用whether，不用if。如：i havent decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.我还没有决定是看电影还是留在家里。介词后可用whether，不用if。如：i havent settled the question of whether ill g

28、o back home.我是否回家还没有定。topic2 i like pop music 一. 重点词汇pity遗憾concert 音乐会violin 小提琴sweet 悦耳的continue doing sth. 继续做某事be born 出生set up 建立classical music 古典音乐 folk songs 民歌 stage name 艺名everyday life 日常生活 be famous for 因而著名 look for 寻找二. 重点句型1and it sounds great! (page 61) 听起来好极了。sound 系动词“听起来”，系动词后常与形容词

29、连用。2.we have guitar, violin, piano and drum lessons for just ￥240 each. (page 62)我们有吉他课、小提琴课、钢琴课、和打鼓课，每个课程仅需要240元。each副词 “各个”，“每个”。如：1）these books cost a dollar each.这些书每本一美元。2)he gave the boys a shilling each.他给孩子们每人一个先令。3classical music is serious music. (page 64) 古典音乐是一种很严肃的音乐。serious 形容词“严肃的、认真的

30、”；“严重的”。如：1）he is a serious worker. 他是一个工作认真的人。2）“ its nothing serious.” says the doctor,“ youve got a little cold.”医生说：“没事，就是有点儿感冒。”4pop music often comes and goes easily. (page 64) 流行音乐来得快去得也快。come and go easily 可以翻译为“来去匆匆”。如：1）money is something that comes and goes easily.钱这东西来得快去得也快。 2）rain in j

31、une comes and goes easily.六月的雨来得快去得也快。5. guo lanying, song zuying and tenger are famous for their folk songs. (p 64)郭兰英，宋祖英和腾格尔以（唱）民歌而出名。 be famous for“以而著名”, “因而出名”。如： gui lin is famous for the stone forests.桂林以石林而著名。 china is famous for its long history.中国以悠久的历史而闻名。beijing library is famous for ha

32、ving a large number of books.北京图书馆以藏书众多而闻名。6it is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. (page 65)它是世界上最著名的摇滚乐队之一。one of “之一”。常用在“one of + 最高级 +名词复数”结构中。如：1)changjiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。2) english is one of the most difficult subjects this term.英语

33、是这学期最难学的课程之一。7in the fall of 1976, a- 14-year-old high school student, larry mullen, looked for some musicians. 在1976年的秋天，一个14岁的中学生，larry mullen寻找一些音乐家。1)fall是美国英语，相当于英国英语的中的autumn。2)14-year-old 数词和名词之间有连字符的，名词不用复数。如：a three-leg chair 一把三条腿的椅子the tenth five-year plan 第十个五年计划3)look for “寻找”，强调“寻找”的过程

34、，而find“找到”，则是强调“找到”的结果。8he wanted to form a band. (page 65)他想组建一个乐队。want to “想做某事”，want to + 动词原形。常用want sb. to do sth.表示“想让某人做某事”。如：1)he wants me to help him with his lessons.他想让我帮他学习功课。2) his parents wanted him to clean the room after school.他父母想让他放学后打扫房间。9he found 3 boys and they set up a band. (

35、page 65)他找到了3个男孩，他们就组成了一个乐队。found是动词find的过去式。意思是“找到”；find强调“找到”的结果。见相关语言知识材料中注释41。set up 组建，创办。如：set up housekeeping组织家庭10.they continue making music. (page 65)他们继续创作音乐。continue + to do sth./ doing sth./ n.“继续做某事”。如：continue to read/writing/ a story 继续阅读/写作/一个故事ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事tell sb. to do

36、 sth.告诉某人做某事want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.12. play the piano“弹奏钢琴”。在英语中，在表示弹奏、演奏乐器时，所有的乐器前面都要加定冠词the而与之相反，在英语中表达玩球类项目时，我们通常在球类项目的名词前不加定冠词。a pity! (page 61)真遗憾！这是一个由what引导的感叹句。what引导感叹句的基本构成为：what + a / an +（形容词）+可数名词单数！ what a stupid question!多么愚蠢的问题啊！what +（形容词）+可数名词复数/不可数名词！如：what

37、lively boys they are! 多么活泼的男孩子们啊topic3 the movie is so wonderful!一. 重点词汇nobody无人 museum 博物馆 church教堂 factory工厂 program节目pleasant令人愉快的 handsome英俊的 agree with sb. 与某人看法一致take a shower洗澡 answer the phone 接电话 do some cleaning 打扫卫生knock at 敲tooto太.以至于不能 talk about谈论关于二.重点句型1i called you but nobody answer

38、ed the phone. (page 69)我给你打电话了，但是没有人接。answer the phone固定词组，可翻译为“接电话”answer的意思是“回答，答复”。如：1) what shall i answer?我将怎样回答呢？2) have you answered his letter? 你回了他的信吗？3) answer the door, please, jack. someone is knocking at the door.开门去，杰克,有人在敲门。2oh, i was taking a shower. (page 69) 我在淋浴。take a shower淋浴，也可

39、以用动词have代替take。如：take a bath/have a bath, take a rest/have a rest, take a look/have a look, take a walk/have a walk3yeah, i think so. (page 71)是，我也这样认为。在think后面可以用so来代替前面的内容，以避免重复。例如： is he at home? 他在家吗？ yes, i think so. 是的，我想他在家。i think so.的否定形式一般为i dont think so.例如：do you think classical music is

40、 very popular in china?你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗？no, i dont think so. 不，我认为不很流行。4and i also like the young man with light hair. (page 71)我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的年轻人。with在这里是“有”的意思。如：a coat with two pockets有两个口袋的衣服 a girl with blue eyes碧眼女郎a woman with an angry look in her eyes眼里有怒色的女子5he is so handsome! (page 71)他非常帅！so在

41、口语中，与加重语气的感叹句连用，作very解。如：im so glad to see you!我很高兴见到你！/ it was so kind of you !你真好！/ there was so much to do!这么多事要做！6i agree with you. (page 71)我同意你的意见。agree with sb.同意某人的看法。如：i dont agree with her.我不同意她的意见。7. you look very sad. (page72) 你看起来很伤心。look系动词，可以翻译为“看起来”。look做系动词，后面可以接形容词、动词的过去分词、名词、介词短语以

42、及as if从句做表语。如：1）tom looks very strong.汤姆看起来非常的强壮。（形容词做表语）2）amy looks a fool.埃米看起来像一个傻瓜。（名词做表语）3）you look like your mother.你看起来很像你的母亲。（介词短语做表语）4）it looks as if were goingto win this game.看起来似乎我们要赢得这场比赛。（从句做表语）8.theres nothing serious. (page 72)没什么严重的事。（没事。）nothing serious “没事”。注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词somethin

43、g, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等的形容词，要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中serious要放在nothing的后面。如：1) would you like anything else?你还要点儿什么吗？2) ill tell you something important.我要告诉你一件重要的事。3) there is nothing wrong with the computer.这台电脑没毛病。8well, miss wang was angry with me. (page 72)王老师生我的气了。注意be angry后所跟的介

44、词：be angry with + sb.生某人的气be angry at + sb. 对某人的言行气愤be angry about + sth. 对某事生气 如：1) he was angry with himself for having made such foolish mistakes.他因犯如此愚蠢的错误而气恼自己。2) he was angry at being kept waiting.他因旁人使他久等而生气。3) he was angry about so much traffic in the street. 他对街上那么多的车辆而气恼。9.in the early 180

45、0s, sunday was the “holy day”. (page 73)在19世纪早期，星期日的含义就是“神圣的一天”。1800s表示19世纪，同样的，1900s则表示20世纪。10.in the us, workers called them“blue mondays”.(page 73)在美国，工人们把它们叫做“蓝色星期一”。蓝色（blue）在汉语中的引申意义较少，而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达时，我们应该注意其中的特别含义。英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁若闷”，如：1）they felt rather bl

46、ue after the failure in the football game.球赛踢输了，他们感到有些沮丧。2）she looks blue today.whats the matter with her?shes in holiday blue.她今天显得闷闷不乐，出了什么事？她得了假期忧郁症。11. then decide how you are going to spend your weekend. (page 74)然后决定你的周末怎么过。spend度过；花费（时间、金钱）。结构有：spend.on sth., spend.(in)doing sth. 如：1）he spent

47、 5 yuan on the post card. 他买这张明信片花了5元钱。2)they spent three days looking for the lost sheep on the hill.他们用了三天的时间在山上找丢失的羊。12. did you have a good time? (page 76) 你们玩得高兴吗？have a good time = enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴。类似的说法还有have a great time, have a nice time, have a wonderful time。三.语法学习 i was doing some washing.i was doi