第五期 中考专项语法复习 答案及反馈.doc

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1、注意把每次遇到的生词和每次做题遇到的做错的填空题摘抄在自己专为的笔记本上,每周复习一下自己的错题本。练习：知识积累（要求每次要把以下内容会背诵，默写 可以每周看两次，1月后自然就记住80%左右了）sit in 列席,旁听on the sly 偷偷的,冷不防的and so on/forth 等等ever so 非常,极其or so 大约,左右soas to 结果是;如此以至于,如此以使so far 迄今为止so that 以便,为的是;结果是,以致sothat 如此以致as soon as 一就,刚便no soonerthan 一就,刚便sooner or later 迟早,早晚the Sovi

2、et Union 苏联speed up 使加速in spite of 不管,不顾,尽管,虽然on the spot 当场,在现场(go) on the stage 当演员at stake 在危险中,厉害攸关stand by 支持,帮助,站在一边;袖手旁观stand for 代替,代表,意味着stand out 突出,显眼stand up 站起来,耐用stand up for 为辩护,维护sand up to 勇敢的面对,坚持抵抗,经得起in step 同步,合拍step by step 逐步step up 提高,加快,加紧out of step 步调不一致,不协调step in 插入,介入st

3、ick out 伸出,突出;坚持到底,继续stick to 坚持;忠于;信守in stock 现有,备有in succession 连续的such as 像的那样,诸如,例如suchthat 那样的以致all of a sudden 突然in sum 总而言之sum up 总结,概括summon up 鼓起(勇气),奋起;唤起make sure of/that 查明,弄确实;确信;确定,务必Ttakeas 把作为take after 与相像take apart 拆卸take away 消除,消耗take down 记下,写下takefor 把认为是,把看成是take in 接受,吸收;了解,理

4、解;欺骗take off 拿走;脱下;起飞take on 呈现,具有,装出;接纳,承担,从事take over 接管,接办take up 占去,占据;开始从事;拿起,接收take to 喜欢,亲近talk back 回嘴,顶嘴talk into 说服tape recorder 磁带录音机in tears 流着泪,含泪,哭lose ones temper 发怒,发脾气in terms of 依据,按照;用措词thanks to 由于,幸亏so that 为的是,使得;结果是,以致and then 而且,其次,于是,然后for one thing 首先,一则think of 想起,想到,想一想th

5、ink of as 把看作是,以为是think over 仔细考虑think better of 改变主意,重新考虑as though 好像on second thoughts 经重新考虑,一转念thousands of 许多,无数at full tilt 全速的,全力的ahead of time 提前all the time 一直,始终at a time 每次,一次at no time 从不,决不at one time 同时,曾经,从前曾at the same time 但是,然而at times 有时for the time being 目前,暂时from tine to time 有时,

6、不时in no time 立即,马上in time 及时,适时的on time 准时once upon a time 从前take ones time 不急不忙,从容进行by the same token 由于同样的原因,同样的on top of 在之上keep in touch 保持联系out of touch 失去联系touch on 关系到,涉及touch up 润色,改进阅读理解(10分钟）（第四期总体很好，比之前的都有进步）做好中考英语阅读理解题的实用技巧1. 保持良好的精神状态。良好的精神状态对于考场上的考生来说非常重要。因为只有在心理放松的情况下，考生的精力才能够集中，思维才会敏

7、捷，从而才能将自己的真实水平发挥出来。2. 抓住中心句。阅读短文之前，先看短文是否有标题。若有，应给予高度重视。因为标题是文章主题的高度凝聚，它能给我们启发和想象，有利于加深对短文的理解，从而提高做题效率。另外，在没有标题的情况下，应充分重视短文的首、尾句。因为大多数文章都是按照“总-分-总”的结构布局的。据统计，英语中有60%-90%的主题句位于段首和段尾，短文的其他文字往往是对这些中心句的解释和说明。3. 克服不良习惯，提高阅读速度。由于考试的时间有限，在保证不出偏差的前提下，一定要尽可能地提高阅读速度。倘若能注意克服以下不良习惯，就可以大大提高阅读速度：心读。考场上不能出声阅读，于是有的

8、考生就在心里读，有时考生的嘴唇也在动。这是非常不好的习惯，一定要下决心克服。因为这样做会直接制约着阅读速度的提高；回视(指重新阅读上文)。阅读中的回视是一种无效劳动，所以应一口气把文章读完，尽量不要回视。这坏习惯是慢慢形成的，不是一朝一夕就能克服掉的。在平时的学习中就应当引起注意并加以克服；一个词一个词地看。阅读时，视线应从左向右跳跃式移动，着重扫描意群，同时注意意群中的重要单词，以寻求主要的语言信息。可将冠词、系动词、助动词及不定式符号等小品词一扫而过，不可一词不漏地全部都看一遍；只读不记。正确的做法是：一边阅读一边用笔记下或标出那些与文后所设问题有关的信息。这样，在做题时就用不着重新查阅短

9、文，至少不用一句一句地再寻找那些隐约有印象的信息，从而可以节省一些时间。4. 判断要有依据，推理要顺乎作者的意图。对于推理性或评价性之类的阅读理解题目，在材料中一般是找不到现成答案的，必须通读全篇，对所获信息加以筛选、提炼、推断，对作者的思想倾向，对文中提及的人物或事件可能产生的结局等，加以综合考虑才能得出正确结论。对这种题，不能以偏概全，不能“只见树木，不见森林”，不能以个人的想法代替作者的意图。5. 遇到生词时，一定要沉着、冷静。中考英语试题中，一般是不会盲目地出现生词的，但不排除出现影响答题的生词，同时也可能出现猜测生词的题目，因为猜测词义也是阅读能力的体现，当然也在考查范围之列。遇到这

10、种题目，只要理解了全篇材料的大部分内容，弄清了上、下文之间的内在联系，判断出它在文中可能存在的含义是不难的。英语中猜测词义的方法很多。如：(1)根据上、下文进行猜测。这是最重要，也是最常用的方法。有些生词可以通过上下文的相关信息，或根据同位语，修饰语等猜测词义。例如：The people who survived the earthquake cried bitterly over the bodies of their relatives. 【分析】一般来说，中考“阅读理解”题中的“词义猜测”，并不要求考生根据构词法去分析单词的词义，而是要求考生根据文中的有关信息对生词的词义进行推断性的猜测

11、。联系上下文，不难看出：这些人的亲属死了，他们在哭，显然他们在地震中“survive”了。这个词不就是“幸存”之意吗？可见，这种词义猜测也是建立在对上下文的正确理解之上的。又如：The pupils assembled in front of the school hall. They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting. 【分析】下文中的短语came together意思是“聚到一起”，由此可以推断出学生们是“聚集到”学校大厅里听运动会的结果的。故该词的意思是“

12、聚集”。(2)利用构词法进行猜测。英语的构词法大致可分为派生、转化和合成等。例如：Man differs from most from all the other animals in their ability to learn and use languages. 【分析】不难发现，本句中的生词differ跟different是同根词，搭配也是from，其前有man，其后有animals，根据这些信息可以断定动词differ此处有“和不相同”、“与存在差别”之意。这里要特别强调一点，大部分阅读题目在设计过程中，已充分考虑到了生词对答题的影响。对于那些对答题无关紧要的生词，如人名、地名、产品

13、商标名称或影视剧目名称等，一般是不加注汉语的，只要能推断出那些生词的类别就可以了，不必弄清其准确含义。对于那些一时难以断定其意思又不妨碍理解的生词，大可不必理会。另外，熟词新义也是应当引起重视的。英语词语往往具有一词多义，在不同的场合它所表达的意思就不一定相同。如果仅仅用它的主要或常用的词义来理解一篇文章，就可能产生误解，或者根本无法了解作者的意图。如果一时间想不起该词的其他含义，可根据上下文来判断该词的词义。特别是那些关键词，必须仔细推敲。（请每次把阅读中不认识的单词在做完后查字典，然后在记在笔记本上，注明发音，意义和用法，定期复习） 本次做的不是特别好，没有认真的读完就做了。希望再重新做一

14、次，把错误的地方找到真正的答案。 A A man with a green bag walked into a doctors room. “Please sit down. Open your mouth and put out your tongue,” the doctor said. “OK. You can close your mouth now. Its clear something is wrong with you. You have to do more exercise. ” “But, doctor,” the man said. “I dont think” “Do

15、nt tell file what you think.” the doctor said. “I am the doctor, not you. I know what you need. I see hundreds of people like you. None of them get any exercise. They sit in offices all day and in front of the television in the evening. What you need is to walk quickly for at least 30 minutes a day.

16、 ” “Doctor, you dont understand,” the man said. “I” “I dont want to hear any excuses.” the doctor said. “You must find time for exercise. If you dont, you will get fat and have health problems when you are older. ” “But I walk every day,” the man said. “Oh, yes, and I know what kind of walking that

17、is. You walk a few meters to the train station from your house. a few more meters from the station to your office, and a few more meters from your office to a restaurant for lunch and back. ” “Please listen to me, doctor!” the man shouted, getting angry. “Im a mailman.” the man continued. “I walk fo

18、r seven hours every day and I come to send letters. ” For a moment, the doctor said nothing, and then he said slowly,” Put your tongue out again, will you?”B 本题通过第一句话就可得知 C 66. What is the color of the mans bag? A. Black. B. Green. C. Blue. D. Yellow. B C 67. What did the doctor ask the man first to

19、 do when he came in? A. To put down his bag. B. Tb sit down. C. To open his mouth. D. To close his mouth. D 68. The doctor thought_ . A. the man was too fat and too old B. the man was lazy and ate too much C. there was nothing wrong with the man D. most of his patients needed enough exerciseA 69. Th

20、e mailman sends letters_ every day. A. on foot B. by bike C. by car D. by busC 70. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The doctor did exercise every day. B. The man walked a long way to the station. C. The man got angry with the doctor. D. The doctor gave the mailman some medicine. B PEKING Opera use

21、d to sound strange to Dou Yi. The l4-year-old Beijinger said whenever she came across Peking Opera on TV, she changed the channel. Like most of todays teenagers, Dou loves pop music. But since Dou entered the Xuanwu branch school of Beijing No. 15 Middle School. she has been studying Peking Opera in

22、 music class every week. Dou and her classmates listen to Peking Opera and learn the basics（基础知识）from professional actors. They also sing along with the operas. “we laugh sometimes because the tunes（声调）arc really hard to learn. ”said Dou. But she said that now she would watch Peking Opera on TV. “Af

23、ter all. I am no longer a layman. ”she said. Since 2008. schools around the country have been teaching students Peking Opera. Its part of a plan to introduce young people to the countrys artistic traditions. Clearly, Dous school has been taking the job seriously. Yang Ning, 14, is Dous classmate. Sh

24、e has been studying Peking Opera since she was 8. She is a member of the schools Peking Opera club. Yang said she had learned a lot from Peking Opera. “I learn a lot of history from the operas.” she said, “Ive also found out about many ancient poems, since there are so many of them in the operas. ”

25、Yang doesnt think everyone can learn to sing Peking Opera well, but she does say that its helpful for all people to learn about it. “The more you learn about it, the more you understand it. If people do study it, this old art form wont disappear. It would be a great pity if it did!” she said. B D 71

26、. Dou Yi _. A. was a l4-year-old boy B. was a middle school student C. 1iked todays teenagers D. first met the Beijinger at the TV stationD C 72. From the passage we know _. A. Dou Yi listened to pop songs every week B. the students could watch Peking Opera on TV in class C. even some professional a

27、ctors came to the schoo1 to study D. Peking Opera has become a studying subject in Dou Yis schoolB 73. What does the underlined word “layman” mean in the passage? A. 悠闲的人B. 外行的人C. 懒惰的人D. 初学的人D A 74. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Most of the teenagers prefer pop musi

28、c to Peking Opera. B. Yang Ning started learning Peking Opera earlier than Dou Yi. C. Dan Yi is as old as rang Ning and she is Yang Nings classmate. D. Both Dou Yi and Yang Ning are members of the schools Peking Opera club. D 75. Why have schools around the country taught students Peking Opera since

29、 2008? A. To give the students more history knowledge. B. To help the students to learn the ancient poems. C. To introduce the young people to the traditional art D. To help the students to find a good job after graduation. C BALTIMORE. MARYLANDAn old postcard changed the lives of an eleven-year-old

30、 boy and a very sick woman. The postcard had a picture of the steamship Titanic. The Titanic was the largest ocean ship in the world. It hit an iceberg（冰山）and sank on April 14. 1912. More than 1,500 of the 2,200 people on the ship were killed. The postcard was passed from one person to another for m

31、ore than 80 years. Then it appeared at a card show for people who liked to collect postcards. An eleven-year-old boy, Joey Russell, came to the show with his grandfather. His grandfather knew everything about the Titanic and its trip from England to New York. “Lets buy that postcard. ”he told Joey.

32、“It will be important someday. ” Two years later, Joeys grandfather took him on a special trip. They went on a trip to the North Atlantic ocean to watch as workers pulled the Titanic up from the bottom of the ocean. Joey put his special postcard in his bag for the trip. On the ship, Joey met Edith H

33、aisman. This woman was on the Titanic when it sank. She was one of the people who were rescued. Joey pulled the postcard out of his pocket. “Please sign this, Mrs. Haisman. ”he said. She was happy to write her name on the back of the postcard. When Joey got home. he put the postcard away and forgot

34、about it, Then Kate Shelley, one of Joeys friends, told him that her mother was very sick. She needed an operation. but there was a problem. The operation was very expensive, and the family needed $80, 000 to pay for it. Friends and relatives tried to help. But where could they get so much money? Th

35、en when Joey went to see the new movie “Titanic”, he had an idea. “Millions of people are seeing this movie and reading about the Titanic. ”Joey thought. He remembered the old postcard with Edith Haismans signature on it. “Maybe I can sell it for some money. Then I can help Kates mom. ” Joey told hi

36、s mother and father about his idea to help Mrs. Shelley. His parents helped him try to sell the postcard to the person who would pay the most money for it. Joeys story was on television and in newspapers. Joey and Kate even went to New York to be on a national TV show. After the show, many people ca

37、lled in to offer money for the Titanic card. Someone bought it for $60. 000. Joeys kind heart and the old Titanic postcard worked together to save a womans life. C 76. Which of the following is NOT true about the old postcard? A. The Titanic was the largest steamship in the world in 1912. B. The ste

38、amship Titanic hit an iceberg and sank about a hundred years ago C. Over two thousand passengers were killed in the ocean accident. D. More than eighty years had passed before the postcard belonged to Joey. D A 77. Joey Russell _. A. decided to buy the postcard at a shop B. showed great interest in

39、collecting postcards C. took the postcard with him to see Mrs. Shelley D. asked Mrs. Haisman to sign her name on his postcardA 78. What does the underlined word “rescued” mean in the sentence? A. Be made safe from danger. B. Be on an ocean trip. C. Be working on board. D. Be asked to sell the postca

40、rd. B A 79. When did Joey Russell have the idea of selling his old postcard for money? A. When Kate Shelley told him of her mothers sickness. B. When he went to see the new movie “Titanic”. C. When he was reading the new book of Titanic. D. When he remembered Mrs. Haismans signature on his card. B D

41、 80. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Titanic arrived in New York at the end of April, 1912. B. At the age of 13, Joey Russell got Mrs. Haismans signature. C. Joey Russell sold out his postcards on a national TV show. D. The Titanic card was sold to many people for $60

42、, 000. 中考英语选择题掌握四技巧 捕捉关键词语语言靠语句来传输信息，复杂的句子结构总是由其内在的相互关联的基本结构所组成，所以当我们接触到单项选择题时，必须捕捉关键词语，分析句子的语法结构。例：-There_acharityshowthisweekend.Wouldyouliketojoinus？-Ofcourse.Idloveto.A.isB.hasC.willbeD.willhave此句中there，thisweekend为关键词或短语，由thisweekend推断句子应是一般将来时，由there断定这里是therebe句型，后面的Wouldyouliketojoinus？说明慈善义

43、演还没有举行，由此推断选项必须是therebe句型的一般将来时形式即therewillbe，所以选C。基本语法结构是一切交际的基础，再复杂的交际内容都必须依赖于它，所以这是做单项选择题的第一步，要达到更深层次的理解，就必须进入第二步。品味对话语境“语境”提供交际信息，帮助交际者正确理解交际内容，从而运用语法组词造句并作出恰当的反应，以达到交际的目的。所以我们做题时，应联系上下文情境，甚至要结合一定的文化背景，仔细品味，把握说话者的内在意义。例：-IvegotanewjobinNewYork。-Oh，_，butIllmissyou.A.thatstoobadB.thatsaproblemCtha

44、tsOKD.thatsgreat依据第一句的表达，“我已经在纽约找到了一份新工作”，这表明说话者将要离开去纽约工作。根据英美国家的文化特点，听者即使是出于礼貌也应该给对方美好的祝愿，所以选D项，也可以说Congratulations！Howluckyyouare！等诸如此类的话。做此类情景交际题，要用英语思维，避免中文思维，要符合英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗，避免套用中国文化模式。例：-Excuseme，mayIhaveyourname？-_。A.AllrightB.OfcourseC.Yes，pleaseD.CallmeAndy，please仅仅从语法结构上看，四个选项都可以，但是前三个选项

45、都没有给出说话者所提问的关键答案，所以相比较而言还是D选项符合要求。综上所述，品味语境不仅有利于准确选出答案，更重要的是它可以培养我们的语感，训练我们用英语思维的习惯，准确把握说话者的真实含义，以达到有效交际的目的。掌握一般规律的特殊性任何事物都有其一般性也有其特殊性，英语也不例外。单项选择题就可很好地考查学习者对英语的一般规律和特殊用法的掌握情况。例：-Letsgofishingifit_thisweekend.-Butnobodyknowsifit_。A.isfine，willrainB.willbefine，rainsC.isfine，rainsD.willbefine，willrain此题考查if的用法，按照一般考生的思维会认为这里的两个if都是“如果”的意思，答案为C项。但若考虑其特殊性，if既可以表示“如果”引导一个条件状语从句也可以表示“是否”引导一个宾语从句，则前一个if后面用一般现在时，后一个if后面用一般将来时，答案为A项。从词法、句法到语境分析，都离不开辨证思维，这是快速提高解答单项选择题能力的一个关键步骤和基本的理论指导。最高境界：一题多变，告别“题海战术”单项选择题并非做得越多，水平就提高得越快，相反，有时会多则杂多则乱，所以做单项选择题要“一题多变”，要“精练”。例：-Whataheavyrain！-Soitis.Iprefer_