国际商务英语简要和课后答案[].pdf

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1、International BusinessBusiness Knowledge:The major differences between international business and domestic businessA.Differences in legal systems B.Differences in currencies C.Differences in cultural background D.Different in natural and economic conditions The major types of international businessA

2、.Trade a.Commodity trade b.Service trade B.Investment a.Foreign direct investment b.Portfolio investment C.Other types a.Licensing and franchising b.Management contract and contract manufacturing c.Turnkey project and BOT Trade Terms:1.Customs area关税区:2.Conversion 货币兑换3.Visible trade 有 形 贸 易:The for

3、m of commodity trade,i.e.exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.(including cash transaction-by means of money and market,and counter trade)4.Invisible trade 无形贸易:The form of transportation,communication,banking,insurance,consulting,

4、information etc.is called invisible trade or service industries.5.FDI 外国直接投资:Foreign direct investments.Returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country./P.256.One country acquires assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.6.Portfoli

5、o investment 证券投资:Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling.7.Stocks股票:Capital stocks or bonds.8.Bonds 债券:The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest.9.Maturity（票据等）到期10.Certificate of deposit

6、 大额存单11.Licensing 许可经营:In licensing,a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country.They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business,and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.12.Franchising 特许经营:Under franchising,f

7、ranchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another,franchiser who provides the former with trademarks,brand names,logos and operating techniques for royalty.13.Trade Mark 商标14.Patent专利15.Royalty 专利（许可）使用费，版税16.Copyright 版权17.Licenser 许可方18.Licensee被许可方19.Franchiser 特许方:A firm who provides the fr

8、anchisee with trademarks,brand names,logos and operating techniques for royalty.20.Franchisee被特许方:A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.21.Management contract 管理合同:Under a management contract,one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular per

9、iod for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.22.Value chain 价值链23.Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程:For an international turnkey project,a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing,contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the l

10、atter upon completion.24.BOT 建设、经营和移交:Build,Operate,Transfer 25.Expertise 专门知识26.Bonus 红利、奖金、津贴27.Royalty 许可使用费28.International investment 国际投资:Supplying capital by residents of one country to another.29.Contract manufacturing 承包生产30.GATT 关贸总协定:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 31.International

11、 business 国 际 商 务:Transaction between parties from different countries.Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.32.Intellectual property 知识产权33.Oil deposit:石油储备 =oil reserves 34.the reserves of natural resources 自然资源储备

12、35.Personal advancement 个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。Answer the following questions:1.What does international business refer to?Please tell the difference between international business and domestic business.A:International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries.Sometimes

13、 business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.Some major differences between international business and domestic business is following:(1)Differences in legal systems(2)Differences in currencies(3)Differences in cultural background(

14、4)Different in natural and economic conditions 2.Please explain the differences between visible trade and invisible trade.Which is becoming more and more important and accounts for an increasing proportion in international trade?A:Visible trade is the form of commodity trade.The form of transportati

15、on,communication,banking,insurance,consulting,information etc.is called invisible trade or service industries.The later is become more and more important.3.Can you cite some examples to illustrate cultural differences in international business?A:Cultural differences including language,customs,tradit

16、ions,religion,value,behavior etc.4.Please elaborate on the two categories of international investment.What is their major difference?A:FDI(Foreign direct investment)is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country.Portfolio investment refers to purchase

17、s of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling.Such financial assets may be stocks,bonds or certificates of deposit.5.What is licensing?Why do firms sometimes choose it as a means of entering a foreign market?A:In licensing,a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property

18、 to a firm in another country.They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business,and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.Besides,they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management.The use

19、 of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country.6.What is franchising?How is it different from licensing?A:Under franchising,franchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another,franchiser who provides the former with trademark

20、s,brand names,logos and operating techniques for royalty.In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee,the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ

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24、V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 Z

25、F6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4

26、R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文

27、档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V67.What is a management contract?Under what conditions is it most applicable?A:Under a management contract,one company offers managerial or other specialized services to anothe

28、r within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.When a government forbids foreign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation,management contracts maybe a practical choice enabling a

29、foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets.8.What is an international turnkey project?In what way is its variant BOT different from it?A:For an international turnkey project,a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing,contracting and fa

30、cility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion.For a BOT project,a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company.Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT a

31、nd the common turnkey project Translate the following sentences into English:1.国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。International business refers to transaction between parties form different countries.It involves more factors and thus is more complicated the domestic business.2.随着经济一体化进程的发展，很

32、少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有益于个人的进步。With the development of economic globalization,few people or companies can completely stay away from international business.Therefore,some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement

33、.3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。Other forms for participating in international business are management contract,contract manufacturing and turnkey project.4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。International business first took the form of commodity trade,i.e.exporting and importing goods

34、produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。Besides trade and investment,international licensing and franchising are sometimes taken as a means of entering a foreign market.Lesson 2Income Level and the World MarketBusiness Knowled

35、ge:(1)GNP and GDP(2)Per capita income and per capita GDP(3)High-income,middle income and low-income countriesA.Standards for classificationB.Representative countries(4)Triad and QuadA.United StatesB.Western EuropeC.JapanD.Canada(5)Other important markets for ChinaTrade Terms:1.GNP 国民生产总值:Gross natio

36、nal Product.The market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M

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41、I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R1

42、0V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V6文档编

43、码:CQ4M4V9B4O9 HE7S8G10V4T4 ZF6I9M4R10V62.GDP 国内生产总值:Gross Domestic Product.The market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.3.National income 国民收入4.Per capita income 人均收入5.Per capita GDP 人均国内生产总值:It is calculated by dividing its total GDP by its population

44、,which reveals the average income level of consumers.6.PPP购买力平价:Purchasing power parity 7.Consumerism 消费主义8.Income distribution收入分布:The proportions of its rich,middle income and poor people.9.Infra structure 基础设施10.Staple goods大路货11.Invoice（开）发票12.Creditor country 债权国13.OECD 经 合 组织，经济合 作 与 开 发组 织:Or

45、ganization for Economic Cooperation and Development.14.The Commonwealth of Independent States 独联体，独立国家联合体15.ASEAN 东盟，东南亚国家联盟:Association of Southeast Asian Nationals.16.NIEs（亚洲四小虎）:Newly Industrialized Economies 17.Factors of production 生产要素Answer the following questions:1.Explain the concepts of GN

46、P and GDP respectively and point out their major difference.Can we use them interchangeably?A:GNP(Gross national Product)refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.GDP(Gross Domestic Product)measures the market value of al

47、l goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.The difference between them is that GNP focuses on ownership of the factors of production while GDP concentrates on the place where production takes place.The difference between GNP and GDP can be ignored since it very small in m

48、ost cases.Therefore,we can use them interchangeably.2.In what different ways are GDP and per capita income significant in assessing the potential of a particular market?A:Total GDP indicates the overall size of an economy,which is important in market assessment for durable equipment or bulk goods(gr

49、ain,steel or cement).Per capita GDP reveals the average income level of consumers,which is important when marketing consumer durables.3.What are meant by high income,middle income,and low-income countries according to the World Bank?Cite some examples for each group.A:High-income countries:those enj

50、oying annual per capita income of$9386 and above.In this group comprise three types of countries。most members of OECD,rich oil producing countries of the Middle East,small-industrialized countries or regions.Middle-income countries:those with annual per capita income below$9386 but above$765.Include