《景泰蓝的制作》学案.pdf

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1、读书破万卷下笔如有神景泰蓝的制作学案学习导航【学习目标】1 学习文章以制作过程安排说明顺序，有详有略，逐层说明的布局方法。2 学习综合运用多种说明方法说明事物的方法。3 体会本文如话家常的平实性说明语言的特点。【学法建议】1、学习时提醒学生本文作为典范的传统说明文，在程序性说明文中具有典型意义。2、为了激发学习积极性，减轻说明文学习的枯燥，可以利用多媒体资源，如制作录像。3、梳理全文说明顺序、说明思路时，可以提取中心词、衔接词等显在语言标志。【课前预习】1、作者简介叶圣陶：现代著名作家，教育家。名绍钧，江苏苏州人。创作涉及童话、散文、小说等领域。他写作态度严肃认真，风格朴素自然，语言洗练优美，

2、有“优秀的语言艺术家”之称，小说多写“平凡的人生故事”。其代表作有童话：稻草人、古代英雄的石像；短篇小说：夜、多收了三五斗；长篇小说：倪焕之。2、资料链接景泰蓝又名铜胎掐丝珐琅，中国特种手工艺品，最早产于元朝时的古老京都，盛行于明朝景泰年间（年年），因其釉料颜色主要以蓝色(孔雀蓝和宝石蓝）为主，古称为景泰蓝。3、预习思考（1）预设问题 景泰蓝的制作过程分几步？是哪几步？作者为什么详写掐丝、点蓝这两道工序？本文综合运用多种说明方法有什么好处？在语言上，这篇文章遣词准确、造句严谨、用语平实。请举例说明。你可以为景泰蓝下一定义吗？（2）预习课文后，你提出了哪些新的问题？互动课堂【课时安排】1 课时一

3、、自学评价1、下列字音完全正确的一组（）A、作坊 zu著作 zu 作威作福zu作奸犯科 zuB、喁喁私语y y 角隅 y汲水 j白芨浆 jC、粘结 ni n 掂量 di n 踮脚 di n 拈花惹草 zh n D、铁砧 zh n 箴言 zh n 诊断 zh n 缜密 zh n 2、下列各组书写有误的一项（）A 焊接 掐丝 膨胀 恰如其分 B 铁臼 缺憾 琢磨 半斤八两C 镀金 繁复 钳子 推陈出新 D 干燥 稠密 譬如 驱谴 3、下列横线上依次填入的词语是（）读书破万卷下笔如有神（1）景泰蓝要涂上色料，铜丝粘在上面，涂色料就有了（2）且不说自在画怎么生动美妙，图案画怎么工整细致，单想想那么多密

4、密麻麻的铜丝没有一条不是专心一志粘上去的，粘上去以前还得费尽心思把它曲成最适当的笔画，那是多么大的（3）咱们的手工艺品往往费大工夫，刺绣、刻丝、象牙雕刻，全都在上显能耐。（4）小块面积小，无论热胀冷缩都比较，又比较禁得起外力A、界限工夫细密细微 B、界线功夫精细细微C、界限功夫细微精细 D、界线工夫细密精细二、文本研习景泰蓝的制作一文介绍了工艺独特、工艺水平要求高、主要采用手工操作的高级工艺品景泰蓝的制作过程。全文可分为三个部分。（一）、第一部分（第1 段）点明这一部分交待了写作的缘起，引出后文。（二）、第二部分（第216 段），是全文的主要内容，。这是本文的主体部分，又可以分为四个层次。1、

5、第一层（第2、3 段）介绍制作景泰蓝的第一道工序：。（1）第 2 段先说明制作铜胎的原料是，接着举三个例子说明景泰蓝铜胎的打制方法。先，再，然后需把红铜起来，两边，再尽打后两边。（2）第 3 段将景泰蓝的制胎与相比较，说明它们的相同点与不同点，引出下文。2、第二层（第49 段）介绍制作景泰蓝的第二道工序：。掐丝是景泰蓝制作的关键工序，作者对它介绍得十分详细。（1）作者在介绍掐丝这道工序时抓住了这一个特点。以“掐丝”为例，课文不仅介绍了等各个步骤，而且介绍了。为了更明白地说明，便于读者了解，综合运用多种说明方法。请指出下列各句的说明方法。掐丝就是拿扁铜丝（截面是长方形的）粘在铜胎表面上。（）、一

6、个二尺半高的花瓶，掐丝就要花四五十个工。（）、他们简直是在刺绣，不过是绣在铜胎上，不是绣在缎子上，用的是铜丝，而不是丝线绒线。（）、譬如粘一棵柳树吧，干和枝的每条线条该多长，该怎么弯曲，他们能把铜丝恰如其分地剪好曲好。（）（2）第 6 段说明景泰蓝制品上的图案“”的科学道理。说明顺序是。（3）、第 7 段、着重说明景泰蓝掐丝的特点，是一件值得惊奇的东西。（4）、第 8、9 两段介绍的是掐丝的辅助工序，作者简要带过。3、第三层（第1013 段）介绍制作景泰蓝第三道工序：。也是景泰蓝制作的关键工序，是作者继“掐丝”之后又一详写内容。（1）第 10 段介绍“”和“景泰蓝”名称的由来。（2）第 11

7、段说明。（3）第 12 段说明。文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码

8、:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6

9、F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码

10、:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6

11、F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码

12、:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6

13、F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8文档编码:CK7A4F7O5I6 HR7L1M6F5U5 ZO5P7M4T3O8读书破万卷下笔如有神（4）第 13 段介绍。4、第四层（第1416 段）分别介绍了三道工序。（三）第三部分（第17 段）概括整个制作过程，强调景泰蓝制作“”的特点，结构上，结束全文三、问题探讨1、同是景泰蓝制作工序为什么详写“掐丝”和“点蓝”这两道工序而略写其它？2、景泰蓝的制作顺序是制胎、掐丝、点蓝、烧蓝、打磨、电镀，作者在

14、说明的时候也是按照这个顺序进行的，作者为什么不将掐丝、点蓝放在前面突出强调，而要按照这样的顺序说明呢？选修延伸【课后练习】一、阅读下面的文字，完成1 一 3 题。锰结核主要分布在水深4-6 公里的深海盆的海底，在东太平洋的克拉里吊断裂带与克里帕顿断裂带之间储量特别大，大约平均每平方米100 会斤以上，总量估计可达 30 亿 50 亿吨。锰结核是一种。它外形浑圆，一般是褐色的，往往以贝壳、珊瑚、鱼牙、鱼骨为核心，其他物质成层状生长，包裹核心，含有锰、铁、铜等20 多种金属元素。到目前为止，关于锰结核的金属元素供应源有多种说法。早期比较流行的是，大陆或岛屿上岩石风化后分解出的金属离子，被风或河流带

15、入海洋。后来也有人提出，是海底火山、海底风化和水溶液为它提供了所需的金属元素。海水本身是盐类溶液，也可能是最重要的金属元素供应源。宇宙尘埃等外空物质也能形成锰结核的元素供应源。近年来，海底多金属矿泉被大量发现，有人提出可能这些矿泉带来的矿物质才是锰结核形成的基本物质基础。在深水环境下，锰结核不停地生长，单体锰结核生长速度极慢，可全世界的锰结核增长总量十分可观。科学家枯计，太平洋的锰结核一年之内生长的铜就可供世界用 3 年！关于锰结核的生长机理，存在着较大的分竣。概括起来，主要有三种假说：一是自生化学沉积说，认为海底的PH 值增高时，氢氧化铁会围绕一个核心沉淀，这种沉淀物可吸附锰离子并产生催化作

16、用，促使二氧化锰不断生成。二是生物成因说，它的理论根据是，用扫描电子显微镜观察锰结核的表面和内部细微构造时，发现结核表面有很多由底栖微生物形成的空管和微窟窿，当其形成管子时，摄取了大量的微结核于壳内。三是火山活动说，认为火山爆发喷发出大量气体，伴随着锰、铁、铜及其他微量金属，这些金属进入海水中后，沉淀出铁的含水氧化物，使锰和其他金属经过氧化富集、沉淀，形成锰结核。现在已经估计出，锰结核大约每千年生长1 李米，有的甚至每万年生长1 毫米，其生长速度远远低于海底沉积物的堆积速度。可是为什么锰结核没有被厚厚的海洋沉积物理起来，还有待于人类去发掘。文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3

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18、1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A

19、4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9

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22、1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4

23、A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1读书破万卷下笔如有神1 根 据 上 下 文，下 列 对“锰 结 核”的 解 释，填 入 横 线 处 最 恰 当 的 一 项是（）A.以海中生物残骸为核心、其他物质层状堆积形成的矿石 B.火山爆发喷发出的含金属元素的气体的凝结物 C.表层含有大量二氧化锰、氢氧化铁等物质的沉淀物 D.含有丰富的锰、铁、铜等金属元素的海底

24、团块2下列表述不符合原文意思的一项是（）A.锰结核一般是褐色的，在锰结核的“核”上，含有多种金属元素的物质一层包裹一层，外形浑圆。B.锰结核含有锰、铁等 20 多种金属元素，它的表面有许多由底栖微生物形成的空管和微窟窿。C.锰结核的金属元素供应源是大陆或岛屿的岩石、海底火山喷发的气体、本身是盐类溶液的海水以及宇宙尘埃等。D.锰结核的年增长总量非常大，但就单体的锰结核增长速度看，非常缓慢，远远低于海底沉积物的堆积速度。3根据本文提供的信息，下列推断合理的一项是（）A.海中的氢氧化铁围绕一个核心沉淀，当海底的PH 值增高时，能促使二氧化锰的生成，并最终形成锰结核。B.锰结核主要分布在深海盆的海底，

25、这与其金属元素供应源和生长机理密切相关。C.海底火山爆发喷出的炽热气体，能将海中的锰、铁、铜及其他微量金属析出，形成锰结核。D.锰结核的生长速度不同，体积大小不一，彼此相差很大，因此无法估计锰结核的年生长量。文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ

26、4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码

27、:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7

28、 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1

29、ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档

30、编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1文档编码:CJ10C1A4U7O7 HB6H4A9H3O1 ZJ4A5B5U9O1