古典概型和几何概型专题训练[答案解析版].pdf
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1、古典概型与几何概型专题训练1.在集合04Mxx中随机取一个元素,恰使函数2logyx大于 1 的概率为()A1 B.14 C.12 D.34答案及解析:2.考虑一元二次方程20 xmxn,其中,m n的取值分别等于将一枚骰子连掷两次先后出现的点数,则方程有实根的概率为()A.3619 B.187 C.94 D.3617答案及解析:3.如图,大正方形的面积是34,四个全等直角三角形围成一个小正方形,直角三角形的较短边长为3,向大正方形内抛撒一枚幸运小花朵,则小花朵落在小正方形内的概率为A.117B.217C.317D.417答案及解析:3.B.因为大正方形的面积是34,所以大正方形的边长是34,
2、由直角三角形的较短边长为3,得四个全等直角三角形的直角边分别是5和3,则小正方形边长为2,面积为4.所以小花朵落在小正方形内的概率为423417P.故选B.【解题探究】本题考查几何概型的计算.几何概型的解题关键是求出两个区间的长度(面积或体积),然后再利用几何概型的概率计算公式()=AP A构成事件的区域长度(面积或体积)试验的全部结果所构成的区域长度(面积或体积)求解所以本题求小花朵落在小正方形内的概率,关键是求出小正方形的面积和大正方形的面积.4.如图所示,现有一迷失方向的小青蛙在3 处,它每跳动一次可以等可能地进入相邻的任意一格(若它在5 处,跳动一次,只能进入3 处,若在3 处,则跳动
3、一次可以等机会进入1,2,4,5 处),则它在第三次跳动后,首次进入5 处的概率是()A316 B14 C16 D12答案及解析:5.(1)一个盒子里有6支好晶体管,4支坏晶体管,任取两次,每次取一支,每次取后不放回,已知第一支是好晶体管,则第二支也是好晶体管的概率为()A.13B.512C.59D.925答案及解析:(1)C(2)一个盒子里有6支好晶体管,4支坏晶体管,任取两次,每次取一支,每次取后不放回,则第一次和第二次取到的都是好晶体管的概率为 ()A.13B.512C.59D.925答案及解析:(2)A(3)一个盒子里有6支好晶体管,4支坏晶体管,任取两次,每次取一支,每次取后再放回,
4、则第一次和第二次取到的都是好晶体管的概率为()A.13B.512C.59D.925答案及解析:(3)D6.从个位数与十位数之和为奇数的两位数中任取一个,其中个位数为0 的概率是()A49 B13 C29 D19答案及解析:7.一个袋子里装有编号为1,2,3,12L的 12 个相同大小的小球,其中1 到 6 号球是红色球,其余为黑色球,若从中任意透出一个球,记录它的颜色和号码后再放回到袋子里,然后再摸出一个球,记录它的颜色和号码,则两次摸出的球都是红球,且至少有一个球的号码是偶数的概率是()A316 B14 C716 D34答案及解析:8.已知点(,)P a b,,a b满足221ab,则关于x
5、的二次方程224430 xbxa有实数根的概率为()文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E
6、9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7
7、文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R
8、9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W
9、4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1
10、Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U
11、4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7A16B13C23D56答案及解析:9.4名学生从3 个体育项目中每人选择1 个项目参加,而每个项目都有学生参加的概率为()ABCD答案及解析:10.小赵和小王约定在早上7:00 至 7:30 之间到某公交站搭乘
12、公交车去上学.已知在这段时间内,共有3 班公交车到达该站,到站的时间分别为7:10,7:20,7:30,如果他们约定见车就搭乘,则小赵和小王恰好能搭乘同一班公交车去上学的概率为()A.13 B.12 C.14 D.16答案及解析:考点:几何概型11.三个学校分别有1 名、2 名、3 名学生获奖,这6 名学生要排成一排合影,则同校学生都排在一起的概率是(A)(B)(C)(D)答案及解析:12.若某公司从五位大学毕业生甲、乙、丙、丁、戌中录用三人,这五人被录用的机会均等,则甲或乙被录用的概率为()ABCD答案及解析:13.一工厂生产的100 个产品中有90 个一等品,10 个二等品,现从这批产品中
13、抽取4 个,则其中恰好有一个二等品的概率为()ABCD答案及解析:14.如图 1 所示的是甲、乙两人在5 次综合测评中成绩的茎叶图,其中一个数字被污损,则甲的平均成绩超过乙的平均成绩的概率为()文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1
14、Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U
15、4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T1
16、0W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8
17、R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J
18、4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9
19、T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7答案及解析:15.在集合 1,2,3,4,5 中任取一个偶数a 和一个
20、奇数b 构成以原点为起点的向量(,)a b,从所有得到的以原点为起点的向量中任取两个向量为邻边作平行四边形,记所有作成的平行四边形的个数为t,在区间 1,3t 和2,4 分别各取一个数,记为m和 n,则方程表示焦点在 x 轴上的椭圆的概率是()A31 B.43 C.32 D.12答案及解析:15.D16.执行右图的程序框图,任意输入一次0101xxyy与,则能输出数对,x y的概率为 _答案及解析:16.1417.甲和乙等五名志愿者被随机地分到A、B、C、D四个不同的岗位服务,每个岗位至少有一名志愿者,则甲和乙不在同一岗位服务的概率为(A)110(B)910(C)14(D)48625答案及解析
21、:18.下列对古典概型的说法中正确的个数是 ()试验中所有可能出现的基本事件只有有限个;每个事件出现的可能性相等;基本事件的总数为n,随机事件A包含 k 个基本事件,则kP An;每个基本事件出现的可能性相等;A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4答案及解析:19.已知一个三角形的三边长分别是5,5,6,一只蚂蚁在其内部爬行,若不考虑蚂蚁的大小,则某时刻该蚂蚁距离三角形的三个顶点的距离均超过2 的概率是()文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8
22、HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9
23、ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档
24、编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q
25、8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E9 ZA2N4N8R1Y7文档编码:CG6J4U4R9Q8 HM7S9T10W4E
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