2022年英语音标语音知识汇总.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载关于语音的几个概念1 字母：语言的书写形式；元音字母a, e, i, o, u, 202 音标：词的语音形式；3 音素：音的最小的单位；英语中有48 音素；4 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位；apple, student, teacher, understand 5 元音：发音洪亮,是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音；英语中有元音；6 辅音：发音不洪亮,是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音；英语中有 28 辅音；7 开音节： a 辅音 +元音 +辅音 +e name bike home due; b

2、辅音 +元音he, go, hi 8 闭音节： a 辅音 +元音 +辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b 元音 +辅音 it 9 重读音节：单词中发音特殊洪亮的音节；2. 元音： 20 1）单元音（ 12）1前元音（ 4）i: sea, he, see, piece, ceiling i sit, build, miss, myth e bed, desk, head, . bad, land, bank, stamp 2中元音（ 2）.: girl, work, serve, nurse . ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, fa

3、mous, Saturday 3后元音（ 6）a: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt . cup, come, blood, rough .: door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught . hot, want u: good, who, blue, soup, u look, put, women, could 2）双元音（ 8）1开合元音（ 5）ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye au house, tow

4、n ei cake, they, play, eight, great, .u phone, cold, boat, soul, grow .i boy, oil 2集中元音（ 3）i . dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, . pear, care, there, fair u. tour, poor,3. 简单混淆的元音名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1 e . bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2 i: ei real

5、rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 3 e ai bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4 au .: house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5 au .u found fond; gown gone; down don 4. 辅音（ 28）1清辅音（ 11）p pen, t tell, k cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, f five, cough

6、, laugh s sit, miss, science, case, scarf think, . sure, she, social, nation t. child, teach, catch tr tree ts boats h hot, who, hour 2浊辅音（ 17）bdgvze .d .drdz m n . r l w j b bed, comb d day, played, wanted g big, go, guess, language v voice, z zoo, close, e this, bathe . pleasure, d. joke, bridge,

7、dz goods dr dream m man n nine, knife, autumn .pink, young r read, write, l land, world w wall, what, answer j yes 5. 简单混淆的辅音名师归纳总结 1 v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 第 2 页,共 7 页2 s sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math 3 z e closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes 4 n . t

8、hin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载6. 读音规章1 重读音节 见元音和辅音的例句 2 非重读音节 . banana, student, today, after, i orange, secret, evening, very, Monday 7. 特殊读音1）音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读；例如：not at all, half an hour, I love you and al

9、l. after all 2）失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破；例如：good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme 3）音的同化： 两个特殊的音遇到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音；例如： Would you do it. I am glad to meet you. Cant you see it. last year, this year, 8. 重音1单词重音A双音节词a一般在第一个音节重读；letter, sorry b有 a-, be-, de-, re-, r

10、es-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前缀的词,其次个音节是重音；about, believe, address, decide, report, condemn, respect, compare, inform, discuss, impress, mistake, enforce, prepare, employ, permit, escape, produce, exclaim,translate c有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre-

11、等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关, 一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在其次个音节上；present; content, content record, record; insult, insult; conduct, conduct; present d有些复合词和带有前缀re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的词,有两个重音；outside, retell, well-known, unreal, fifteen, Chinese, pre-war, post-war B多音节词a一般倒数第三个音节是重音；difficult, communist, family, e

12、conomy, opportunity,democracy. b有一些双音节词, 加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原先词根的重音读音；carefully, indefinite, comfortable, conductor, according, disturbance, complicated,establishment, c词尾有 -eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive 后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上；courteous, calligraphy, ed

13、itorial, historian, periodic, mathematics, experience,sufficient, identify, translation, religious, curiosity, protective d词尾有-ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ette 后缀的词, 重音在该后缀上, 而且有一个次重音； entertain, employee, mountaineer, Japanese, cigarette 2句子重音 A 英语的节奏： （轻） -轻-重-轻-（轻）或重 -轻-（轻）（轻）重 B 英语句子的长短：是由句子中的重读词的数目打

14、算的,而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉 字数目打算的；C 实词重读 （副词重读） ,虚词轻读 冠词, 单音节介词, 单音节连词, 人称代词, 反代词,名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载物主代词,关系代词,相互代词,助动词,情态动词和系动词 be D 实词不重读的特殊情形a 实词其次次显现 He thinks of that as a child thinks. b 一个名词被其次个名词修饰 I met her in the railway station. c 代替词 Which book do you

15、 want. The small one. d 感叹词中的 what 和 how What a good day it is. How beautiful she is. e street 在专出名词中 Wangfujing Street. fthis 在这些短语中,this morning/afternoon/evening E虚词重读的特殊情形a 情态动词,助动词和系动词be 在句首,句尾和否定时；Do you like it. Yes, I do. Are you a doctor. Yes, I am. Can you help me. Yes, I can. I dont like

16、you. He isnt a worker. b 情态动词表示可能,诧异和确定时； They may come this evening. Can it be five already. He must be in the room. c 介词在句首和句尾；In the box, he found a letter. He is the person I talked with. d 引导复合句的连词在句首；If you wish, Ill visit you. When he comes, Ill tell him. e反身代词表示强调；He couldnt come himself. 元音

17、字母 a 或 a+其他字母字母或字音节类型例 词或在词中的位读 音母组合置a 重读开音节ei name, face, take, cake, radio, space a 重读闭音节A hand, stand, maths, happy a 在 w或 wh后R R: what, watch, wash water ai ay 在重读音节中 ei wait, train, fail, rain,say, way, May, today al 在大多数辅音R: ball, wall, small, talk 字母前R:l also, always ar 在 f, m前a: half, palm 棕

18、榈树 在重读音节中 a: star, card, party ar 在 w或 wh后R: warm, wharf 码头 au aw 在重读音节中 R: autumn, because, draw, saw air are 在重读音节中 Z chair, hair, pair, hare, care ass 在重读音节中 a:s ass, glass, class 元音字母 e 或 e+其他字母字母或字母音节类型读音例 词名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 组合或在词中的学习必备欢迎下载位置e 重读开音节i: she,w

19、e,these,relay 重读闭音节e well,get,very,step ea 在重读音节i: seat,read,tea,easy 中e bread, head, ready ee 在重读音节i: tree, week, green 中er 在重读音节: her, term, verb 中元音字母 i 或 i+ 其他字母字母或字母组合音节类型或在词中的读音例 词位置i y 重读开音节ai mine,quite,like,side, Friday, my, by, why 重读闭音节i milk,ship,it,with, window, begin ie 在重读音节中,辅音字i: fi

20、eld, piece 母前igh 在重读音节词的末尾ai lie, die, tie 在重读音节中ai night, right, high ir 在重读音节中: first, skirt, girl 元音字母 o 或 o+其他字母字母或字母组合音节类型或在词中的位读音例 词置名师归纳总结 o 重读开音节u no, go, nose, home 第 5 页,共 7 页重读闭音节R not, dog, hot, stop 在 m, n, v或 th 前Q come, month, love, brother, nothing oa 在重读音节中u coat, boat, road oi oy 在

21、重读音节中Ri noise,join, boy, toy oo 在多数情形下u: school, too, cool 在 k 前u book, look, cook or 在重读音节中R: sport, horse, forty 在 w后面: work, worse, worker ou 在多数情形下au round, house, about - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 在 ght 前学习必备欢迎下载ought 应当 R: ow 在重读音节中au cow, now, down, how 在重读或非重读音节中u know, grow, show,

22、 window, yellow 元音字母 u 或 u+其他字母音节类型 或在词中的字母或字母组合 读音 例 词位置重读开音节 ju: use, duty, excuse u 重读闭音节 Q but, us, luck nurse, turn, hurt, ur 在重读音节中 : Thrusday 元音字母在非重读音节中大多数读作 或 i字 母 读 音 例 词 about, American, China , breakfast a i orange, comrade, village, message student, hundred e i jacket, begin, harvest iy

23、 i coming, dining-room, many, country o oclock, policeman u autumn 辅音字母和辅音字母组合的读音规章字母或字母组合音节类型或在词中的位置读音例 词名师归纳总结 c 在 e, i, y前l, s nice, pencil, bicycle 第 6 页,共 7 页在 a, o, u和辅音字母k cap, come, cut ,clock, r, t前和在音节末尾cry, picture, music ch 在多数情形下tF much,chair, China ,teacher g go, big, garden g 在 e 前dV

24、page, orange, large j dV Jack, jacket, June, John kn n knife, know, knock ll l ball, tell, still ng N sing, long, something Ng English, longer nk Nk ink, think, thanks ph f physics 物理 qu kw quite, quick, quarter - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - sh 学习必备欢迎下载she, shoe, English, short F 名师归纳总结 tch 在字母 o 前tF watch, fetch 取,拿 第 7 页,共 7 页th W thing, thank, month T this, that, with wh h who, whose, whom w where, what, when, why wr r write, wrong x ks box, next, exercise gz exam, example y j yes, you, year, yourself - - - - - - -