大专无机化学教案化学平衡.pdf

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1、授课教案首页2010 2011 学年第 一 学期科技工程学院生物技术系（部）生物技术及应用教研室课程名称化学综合 1 任课教师章宇宁授课形式理论教学课内实践理实一体习题复习考核评价其他活动课时安排4 序号3 授课日期9 月 6 日9 月 7 日月日月日授课班级10 生物技术10 食品安全教学内容：化学平衡的意义、影响因素，改变外部条件时化学平衡的移动教学目标：（1）使学生明确理解化学平衡“逆、等、动、定、变”的特点（2）学会判断一个反应是否已达到平衡（3）会进行简单的计算（转化率、平衡常数等）（4）理解各外部因素如何影响化学平衡（5）会判断外部因素改变时化学平衡的移动方向重点难点及解决方法：掌

2、握转化率、平衡常数等的简单计算，会判断外部因素改变对化学平衡的移动通过例题、判断、讨论等反复强调。授课地点：教室 214/教室 202 教学媒体：多媒体设备设备及材料：其它资源：学习效果评价方式：下周一小测验作业和思考题：无课后小结：同学对改变浓度、温度和催化剂对化学平衡的影响理解、记忆较深刻，大部分同学能判断正确，但判断惰性气体对化学平衡的影响仍容易出错。大部分同学掌握了转化率和平衡常数的基本计算，但个别同学在概念理解上仍有一定困难。填表说明：1.序号，指该课程授课的顺序号，应与授课计划一致；2.授课形式在相应的选项打“”。授 课 教 案教学内容及过程时间分配方法及手段1 可逆反应【PPT】

3、可逆反应和不可逆反应的定义及实例【讲述】（1）详细描述PPT上每个反应方程式对应的实验现象，帮助学生从直观上理解“可逆”与“不可逆”（2）强调“只有在同一条件下正逆反应同时存在的才叫可逆反应”，举电解水和氢气在氧气中燃烧的例子强调这种反应组不能算作可逆反应2 化学平衡【PPT】化学平衡是一种状态单位时间内正反应使反应物减少的量等于逆反应使反应物增加的量宏观：各种物质的浓度或分压不再改变微观：反应并未停止，正、逆反应仍在进行，二者速率相等，即v正=v逆0 化学平衡是有条件的、相对的、可以改变的：温度，压力，反应物、生成物浓度，等等【PPT】化学平衡的研究对象是可逆反应平衡时正反应速率与逆反应速率

4、相等，正=逆化学平衡是动态平衡正 逆0 平衡时各组分含量保持恒定当外界条件改变时，平衡一般要发生改变【讲述】强调化学平衡的“逆、等、动、定、变”【例题】判断一个反应是否已达到化学平衡的宏观描述3 化学平衡与反应速率【PPT】一般可逆反应的正逆反应速率-时间图 【讲述】提醒学生看清图线上的标注，复习反应物生成物浓度与反应速率的关系4 标准平衡常数【PPT】K的定义和特点 K的表达式 8min 15min 5min 5min 课件演示板书课件演示例题分析课件演示课件演示填表说明：1.本页可续页；2.教学方法如：项目教学、案例分析、分组讨论、角色扮演、启发引导等；3.教学手段如：课件演示、模型讲解、

5、实物讲解、挂图讲解、视频讲解、网络课程等。文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

6、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

7、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

8、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

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10、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

11、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3授 课 教 案教学内容及过程时间分配方法及手段【讲述】逐项分析式子的意义和写法，强调“标准”（标准浓度和压力，尤其是标准压力的数值和单位）【PPT】书写标准平衡常数的注意事项必须与计量方程式相对应反应式中的纯固态，纯液态，其浓度不必列入表达式稀溶液中的反应，若有水被消耗或生成，不必出现在标准平衡常数表达式中。其他情况

12、下则必须列出水的浓度注意对应的温度【讲述】逐条举例给出一些典型的反应方程式，请学生写出其标准平衡常数的表达式【PPT】平衡常数的意义可以用于判断一个可逆反应在特定条件下向正反应方向进行的程度以及是否已经达到平衡5 反应商与平衡常数【PPT】给出平衡常数和反应商的表达式，让学生比较其异同 QK时，反应将逆向进行Q=K时，反应达到平衡状态6 多重平衡的平衡常数【PPT】化学方程式的相加和相减 给出分步反应和总反应方程式，引导学生了解“加减”的概念和方法【PPT】多重平衡的平衡常数 给出分步反应和总反应方程式，引导学生推导出多重平衡常数的规则 在相同条件下，如有两个反应方程式相加（或相减）得到第三个

13、反应方程式，则第三个反应方程式的平衡常数为前两个反应方程式平衡常数之积（或商）。同样适用于n 个方程式相互加减的情况可用于间接测定特定反应的化学平衡常数【讲述】举例，何种反应可以/需要用这种方式求其平衡常数15min 5min 8min 课件演示例题分析课件演示课件演示填表说明：1.本页可续页；2.教学方法如：项目教学、案例分析、分组讨论、角色扮演、启发引导等；3.教学手段如：课件演示、模型讲解、实物讲解、挂图讲解、视频讲解、网络课程等。文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

14、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

15、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

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17、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

18、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

19、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

20、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3授 课 教 案教学内容及过程时间分配方法及手段7 平衡转化率【PPT】平衡转化率的定义与计算式子 由转化率可以计算平衡常数，由平衡常数也可以计算转化率转化率除与温度有关外，还与系统起始状态有关，并需指明是哪种反应物的转化率【讲述】强调转化率是“已转化的/总量”【例题】书P30例 2，继续强调平衡转化率的定义，使学生掌握计算方法8 化学平衡的移动【PPT】因外界条件改变，使可逆反应从原来的平衡状态转变到新的平衡状态的过程可改变的外部条件：浓度，压力，温度，催化剂【讲述】强调只有先达到平衡才能“移动”9 浓度对化学平

21、衡的影响【PPT】从反应物浓度改变引起正反应速率增大出发，引导学生讨论增大、减小反应物和生成物浓度对正逆反应速率的影响，进而推导出对平衡的影响 FeCl3+KSCN的反应，将反应后的溶液分为4 份，分别加入反应物或减少反应物，比较其颜色变化 用反应商来判断【讲述】介绍工业生产中如何通过控制反应物浓度比和及时移除生成物来使反应向有利的方向移动10 压力对化学平衡的影响【PPT】压力变化主要影响有气体参加的反应 通过反应商推导压力变化对有气体参加的反应的影响 结论：压力变化只对反应前后气体分子数有变化的反应平衡系统有影响15min 8min 5min 课件演示例题分析课件演示课件演示填表说明：1.

22、本页可续页；2.教学方法如：项目教学、案例分析、分组讨论、角色扮演、启发引导等；3.教学手段如：课件演示、模型讲解、实物讲解、挂图讲解、视频讲解、网络课程等。文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C

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24、档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C

25、1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文

26、档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C

27、1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文

28、档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3授 课 教 案教学内容及过程时间分配方法及手段在其他条件不变时，增大压力，平衡向气体总量减小的方向移动，正逆反应速率都增大；减小压力，平衡向气体总量增大的方向移动，正逆反应速率都减小。图：增大压力对不同

29、分子数变化的反应正逆反应速率的影响 特殊：恒温下向平衡系统中加入不参与反应的其他气态物质：（1）若体积不变，则平衡不移动。这是因为体系内原有各气体的分压不变（2）若总压不变，系统体积增大，则平衡的移动规律相当于系统原来的压力减小时的情况【讲述】结合理想气体体积定律分析推导【例题】下列反应达平衡后，增大体系压力平衡将如何移动？反应方程式 特别强调注意物质的聚集态，不要把固态和液态的分子也算进去11 温度对化学平衡的影响【PPT】本质：改变平衡常数，与浓度、压力等对平衡的影响有本质的区别效果：升高温度，平衡向吸热反应方向移动；降低温度，平衡向放热反应方向移动【讲述】强调 K是温度的函数举几个温度影

30、响化学平衡的实例12 催化剂对化学平衡的影响【PPT】催化剂能同等程度地改变正、逆反应的速率，因此它不会使化学平衡发生移动，但可改变达到平衡所需要的时间 图：使用/不使用催化剂时反应速率和达到平衡所需时间的比较【讲述】强调催化剂改变的是反应速率，不是平衡组成。有些催化剂看起来能够改变转化率，那是因为改变了反应历程，不能再用“平衡移动”的理论来解释10min 5min 5min 课件演示例题分析课件演示课件演示填表说明：1.本页可续页；2.教学方法如：项目教学、案例分析、分组讨论、角色扮演、启发引导等；3.教学手段如：课件演示、模型讲解、实物讲解、挂图讲解、视频讲解、网络课程等。文档编码:CC1

31、A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6

32、 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1

33、A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6

34、 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1

35、A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6

36、 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1

37、A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3授 课 教 案教学内容及过程时间分配方法及手段13 吕查德里原理【PPT】如果以某种形式改变一个平衡系统的条件（如浓度、压力、温度），平衡就会向着减弱这个改变的方向移动。适用于所有的动态平衡系统只适用于已经达到平衡的系统又译为勒沙特列原理等【讲述】简单介绍吕查德里生平结合生活中的实例帮助学生直观理解和记忆吕查德里原理，说明此原理不仅可用于“化学”平衡14 反应速率与化学平衡

38、的综合应用【PPT】让一种价廉易得的原料适当过量，以提高另一种原料的转化率注意不要使另一种原料的浓度过低注意气体混合物的组成，不要进入爆炸范围对于气体反应，加大压力会使速率加快，对分子数减少的反应还能提高转化率增大压力会提高对设备的要求，增大成本升高温度能增大反应速率和吸热反应的转化率能耗增大，反应物或生成物可能不耐高温【讲述】逐条讲解并举出实例【PPT】实例：合成氨条件的选择问题 1：合成氨反应的特点？a、可逆反应 b、正反应放热 c、正反应是气体体积减小的反应问题 2：分析工业生产主要要考虑哪些问题？首要：经济效益与社会效益基本要求：a、反应快 b、原料利用率高 c、单位时间内产量高问题3

39、：根据化学反应速率的影响因素及下表从化学反应速率和化学平衡两个角度分析合成氨的合适条件。10min 40min 课件演示课件演示案例分析学生讨论填表说明：1.本页可续页；2.教学方法如：项目教学、案例分析、分组讨论、角色扮演、启发引导等；3.教学手段如：课件演示、模型讲解、实物讲解、挂图讲解、视频讲解、网络课程等。文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1

40、M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档

41、编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1

42、M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档

43、编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1

44、M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档

45、编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3授 课 教 案教学内容及过程时间分配方法及手

46、段归纳：既提高反应速率又增大产量的措施有：a、增大反应物浓度 b、减少生成氨的浓度 c、增大压强使用催化剂：这样可以大大加快化学反应速率，提高生产效率，也提高了经济效益；选择合适的温度：500左右，该温度是为合成氨催化剂的活性温度；选择合适的压强：20MPa50MPa，对动力、材料、设备等来说正合适。【拓展】动画：合成氨的工业流程介绍各个设备的作用，理论研究和生产实际的结合15 总结可逆反应的定义化学平衡：逆、等、动、定、变化学平衡的移动：浓度、压力、温度、催化剂等条件的影响吕查德里原理5min 课件演示填表说明：1.本页可续页；2.教学方法如：项目教学、案例分析、分组讨论、角色扮演、启发引导

47、等；3.教学手段如：课件演示、模型讲解、实物讲解、挂图讲解、视频讲解、网络课程等。文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

48、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K

49、3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD

50、8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K3文档编码:CC1A8R8X5I8 HD8C1M6J9B6 ZN2H5O9C7K