《鉴定血型和输血》教学案例.pdf

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1、鉴定血型和输血教学案例背景新课标指出：观察和实验是探究生物科学的重要方法。而构建民主的课堂气氛，有助于激发学生探究的欲望，正如陶行知先生说的“只有民主才能解放大多数人的创造力，而且使大多数人的创造力发挥到最高峰，”在课堂上，只有充分发挥学生的主体作用，还民主于学生，杜绝“一言堂”“满堂灌”的教学方法，才能激活课堂气氛，点燃学生智慧的火花。学生在民主的课堂氛围中，才能敢说敢问敢想敢做，敢于创新敢于创造。鉴定血型和输血的教学过程一、新课导入播放交通事故视频师：由于驾驶员没有认真遵守交通规则，造成惨剧的发生，如果我们在现场应做什么呢？生 1：拨打 120 生 2：参与救治。师：医生在现场如果发现伤者

2、大量出血，在抢救时会采取什么措施？生：输血。师：输血需要考虑什么因素？输血和血型间有什么关系？什么样的血型间可以相互的输血呢？带着这些问题，让我们一起来学习二、层层设疑，激发思维。师：展示输血历史的资料：1、自从 1628年哈维发现血液循环以来，人类就不断进行着输血的尝试，人类探索安全输血的历程长达400年，经过几代科学家的努力，其中付出了无数生命的血的代价。生：朗读资料 1。2、历史上第一次输血是1665 年，英国医生罗维尔把一条失血过多的狗的静脉与另一条健康狗的静脉用鹅毛管连接起来，将健康狗的血输到一条大量失血的狗体内，获得成功。生：朗读资料 2。3、第一次给人体输血是1667 年 6 月

3、 15 日，法国医生丹尼斯将一只羊羔的血输入一个15 岁的男孩体内获得成功，这样的实验一共做了四例都成功了。但第五例病人出现严重反应导致死亡。此后，中止了150年。生：朗读资料 3。4、第一例用人血输入人体的实验是在1818年，英国妇产科医生布伦德尔成功的将人血输给人。这种人与人直接输血的方法共进行了10例，其中 4 例产妇的生命得到了挽救。生：朗读资料 4。师：从 17 世纪到 19 世纪，人类输血的成功率不到10，我们不妨猜想一下，是什么原因使得人类的输血实验一次次失败？生：那时人类还没发现血型存在不同。师：对，当时还没有发现血型，直到一位科学家发现了血型之谜，使人类的输血走向成功，从而挽

4、救许许多多的病人，让我们来认识这位文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 Z

5、N1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4

6、I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文

7、档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ

8、5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R

9、9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK

10、4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1科学家。(播放视频)血型的发现师：这位最早发现血型的科学家是谁？生：观看并回答兰德斯坦纳师：他根据不同的人的红细胞和血浆出现凝集反应现

11、象发现人类血型，将人类血型分为几种？生：四种，A型，B型，AB型，O型师：这就是兰德斯坦纳发现ABO 血型系统是人类医学史的重大发现。当然，随着科学的发展，我们对血型的认识不断深入，到目前为止，我们已经发现了包括ABO，RH等在内的二十多个血型系统。但在临床上被广为应用的依然是ABO 血型系统，所以在生活中常见的血型也仍然是 A型，B型，AB型，O型。那你知道兰德斯坦纳是依据什么来划分血型的吗？师：（出示红细胞和血清的模型）生：观看红细胞的模型，记清抗A和抗 B凝集素。师：演示人类的红细胞含有两种凝集原：A凝集原和 B凝集原，血清中含有与它们对抗的凝集素：抗A凝集素和抗 B凝集素。凡是红细胞上

12、只含A凝集原的叫做 A型血，A型血的血清中只含有抗B凝集素。依次讲解B、AB和 O型血。生：讨论师：（出示下表）红 细 胞 凝血型血 清 凝 集文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 H

13、K4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G

14、2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8

15、ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C

16、4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1

17、文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:C

18、J5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1集原素A A 抗 B B

19、 B 抗 A AB AB 抗 A、抗 B 无O 无生：与自己讨论的结果比较。师演示：红细胞的凝集。每个人的血清中都不含与自身凝集原相对抗的凝集素。三、步步探究，相互交流师：大家谁知道自己的血型？生：自由回答师：那医院又是怎样知道的呢？生：医院验血。让我们来看段短片，了解临床是如何鉴定血型的，用了什么材料？(播放血型的鉴定)生：带着问题观看思考师：鉴定血型时，最主要的实验材料是什么？生：血清，A型血清和 B型血清。师：现有四人：赵、钱、孙、李身受重伤，而且失血过多，把伤者送到医院后，确定需要输血，如果你是医生，你该怎样做？（出示赵、钱、孙、李的血与A、B 血清的凝集现象让学生推断四人的血型）文档

20、编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5

21、H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9

22、U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4

23、V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z

24、7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN

25、1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I

26、10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1生：讨论并得出结论：赵是A型，钱是 B型，孙是 O型，李是 AB型师：同型血不会发生凝集，不同的血型混合时，有的发生凝集，有的不凝集，试着通过下表找出它们有什么规律？受 血

27、者 血型献血者血型A B AB O A 不凝凝凝不凝B 凝不凝凝不凝AB 不凝不凝不凝不凝O 凝凝凝不凝生：分析表格总结不同血型个体之间输血的原则生：学生根据自己的理解画出它们的关系师：O型血是万能输血者，AB型血是万能受血者。师：赵、钱、孙、李这四位病人用血情况表师：刚才这四位病人，在大家的帮助下，还有医生精心护理下，一定会转危为安。在我们欣喜之余，饮水思源，想一想：这些伤者所输入的血液来自于哪里？生：献血者师：展示一些献血的图片生：观察师：什么样的人能成为献血者？献血献多少为宜？（播放视频）生：认真观看并回答。文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10

28、H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码

29、:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5

30、N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8

31、 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V1

32、0G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H

33、8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y

34、8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1师：倒出 200 毫升水代表一次献的血，人一次就献出5%的血，等你长大了，是否愿意参加无偿献血活动？生：自由观看师：（播放献血宣传片）师：越来越多的人意识到：当健康的我们在享受生活的同时，还有很多人苦苦的挣扎在生死线上。也许就是你我的一滴血，一份爱

35、，就可以使他们即将枯萎的生命之树复苏。所以，就让我们献出这滴血，这份爱，就让我们热血流动，爱心发光，就让我们血脉相通，真情流淌。让血液把我们的心连接在一起四、课堂小结。（略）通过本堂课的教学，我体会到学生的学习首先必须是在一种心理感到很安全，思想很自由、很宽松，乐意进取、乐意参与，情绪很高亢的状态下进行。因此，转变学生的学习方式，首先就意味着改变学生的学习状态。也就是说，学习方式转变首先要考察的内容，就是课堂的教育氛围、环境：学生是在什么样的状态下学习的？教师会设计什么样的教学情景，设计什么样的课堂氛围？进一步来说，新课程课堂该有什么样的教育氛围？学生要什么样的学习状态？我觉得要做到以下三点：

36、第一，学生要自由。我们要求课堂要有规范，要有纪律，但是课堂规范和课堂纪律最核心的实质与理念就就是自由，所谓自由就是解放学生的头脑，解放学生的心理，放飞学生的心灵，让他们无拘无束，这是最基本的东西。第二，要有宽松的氛围。所谓宽松，我想就是允许学生说错话，说真话，把它自己的经验、最个性化的东西充分表达了出来。我们的课程，如果不能够将孩子的经验、孩子的认识真正整合起来，那么孩子的经验就无法完成再构，形成新的体验，更谈不上情感态度价值观的转变。第三，就是民主。课程就是教师帮助学生经历、体验转变的过程，教师和学生是同事、伙伴、协作者的关系。学习方式转变的另一个重要内容，就是学习方法的转变。而此转变的关键

37、是提升学生学习的本质，解决的是怎么学的问题。但不管怎样，我们的课堂就要达到这样的状态：学生敢想、敢说，愿意想、愿意说。只有这样的状态下才能改变学生的学习方式即：要把民主带入课堂。文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文

38、档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ

39、5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R

40、9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK

41、4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2

42、Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 Z

43、N1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4

44、I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文

45、档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ

46、5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R

47、9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK

48、4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2

49、Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1文档编码:CJ5H5N8R9U8 HK4V10G2Z7H8 ZN1Y8C4I10H1