国际经济法重点.pdf

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1、简答1.what kinds of goods are not governed by CISG?The excluded goods are a)stocks,shares,investment securities,negotiable instruments,or money;b)ships,vessels,hovercraft or aircraft;and c)electricity.2.Want are the purposes of a bill of lading?A bill of lading serves three purposes:a)it is a carriers

2、 receipt for goods.b)it is evidence of a contract of carriage.c)it is a document of title.3.What are the basic functions of the WTO?The main functions are:a)To implement,administer,and carry out the WTO Agreement and its annexes;b)To act as a forum for ongoing multilateral trade negotiations;c)To se

3、rve as a tribunal for resolving disputes,and d)To review the trade policies and practices of member states.e)Additionally,the WTO is to coorperate with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in order to achieve greater coherence in global economic policy making.4.What are the closed econ

4、omic sectors to foreign ownership in most states?a)Public utilitiesb)Vital or strategic industriesc)Industries that are sufficiently developedd)Medium-or small-scale industries that can be developed by domestic entrepreneurs 5.When a court decides some questions governed by CISG，if the court decides

5、 to look to the source of the convention，what factors will the convention direct the court to consider?a)The international character of the convention;b)the need to promote uniformity in the conventions application,and c)the observance of good faith 6.What are the obligations of a seller under CISG?

6、a)Deliver the goods b)Hand over any documents relating to the goods c)Ensure that the goods conform with the contract 论述1.On the principle of the nondiscrimination of GATT 1944 一、非歧视原则。该原则是指，关贸总协定各缔约国之间应在无歧视的基础上进行贸易，相互的贸易关系中不应存在差异待遇，它通过最惠国待遇和国民待遇等条款表达出来.二、最惠国待遇原则。关贸总协定实行的是多边无条件最惠国待遇原则.它是指各缔约国之间在进出口货

7、物及其有关的关税、规费、征收方法、规章手续、销售和运输以及对进出口货物征收内地税和费用或使用的全部法令、条例方面，每一缔约国给予任何一个国家的优惠、特权和豁免，均应立即无条件地适用于所有缔约国.无条件最惠国待遇原则是关贸总协定的基石.总协定的最惠国待遇原则一般适用于以下范围：有关进口、出口、过境商品的关税及各种捐税；有关商品进口、出口、过境、存仓和换船方面的海关规则、手续和费用；进、出口许可证的颁发和其他限制措施；船舶驶入、驶出和停泊时的各种税收、费用和手续；关于移民、投资、商标、专利以及铁路运输方面的待遇.总协定规定的最惠国待遇原则又有许多例外，即在某些场合下不适用这一原则.主要例外是：一般

8、例外，即在总协定签订以前，一些国家已跟某些贸易伙伴作出的优惠安排，如一些特惠安排、关税同盟、自由贸易区以及毗邻国家之间对边境贸易所给予的优惠安排等，一般不适用最惠国待遇.安全例外，即为了国家安全，对核裂变物质、武器军火贸易；或为了保护公共卫生，为了保护动植物免受病害、衰退、死亡，缔约国有权对这类物品的进出口加以限制或禁止，即可不适用最惠国待遇的规定.三、国民待遇原则。关贸总协定的国民待遇原则系指外国产品进入到另一缔约国领土时，不应对它直接或间接征收高于对相同的本国产品所征收的国内税或费用，在关于商品的国内销售、推销、购买、运输、分配或使用的全部法令、条例和规定方面，进口产品所享受的待遇不应低于

9、相同的本国产品所享受的待遇.这一原则使进口产品与国内产品在同等条件下竞争，以免遭歧视性待遇.四、关税减让原则。关贸总协定的主要目的是通过关税减让的多边贸易谈判逐步降低关税，以促进国际贸易的发展.关贸总协定规定，经过多边贸易谈判在互惠基础上达成的关税减让表对各缔约国具有拘束力，任何一个缔约国都无权单方面予以改变，某缔约国在特殊情况下要改变或提高本国关税，则必须与有关缔约国进行谈判和协商，并给予相应补偿.五、取消数量限制原则。本原则系指任何缔约国除征收捐税或其他费用以外，不得设立或维持配额、进出口许可证或其他措施以限制或禁止其他缔约方领土的产品的输出、或向其他缔约方领土输出或销售出口产品.根据总协

10、定的精神，各缔约国对本国的工业只能通过关税来加以保护，至于进口限额及许可证制度等保护措施均在禁止之列.然而，总协定在数量限制方面也承认在三种情况下可以采取数量限额措施：为了保护农业、渔业产品市场而实施的限制；文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA

11、7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码

12、:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7

13、HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9

14、ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档

15、编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I

16、7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5学习文档仅供参考为了保护本国的国际收支而实施的限制；为促

17、进不发达国家经济发展而实施的限制.如有上述情况，则在一定情况下可以采取限制进口数额等措施.但是，采取这种措施的缔约国有义务在上述困境不复存在时，立即消除这种限制措施.六、禁止倾销原则。关贸总协定第条规定，当出口国以低于正常价值的水平将产品输往进口国，并给进口国同类工业造成损害时，这种行为构成倾销，受到损害的进口国政府可以对倾销产品征收反倾销税.由于倾销是一种不公平竞争行为，所以，关贸总协定严格禁止缔约国的倾销行为.七、透明度原则。关贸总协定的透明度原则是指缔约国所实施的与国际贸易有关的法令、条例、司法判决、行政决定，都必须予以公布，以使各国政府及贸易商熟悉它们.一缔约国政府与另一缔约国政府所缔

18、结的影响国际贸易的协定，也必须公布，以防止缔约国之间进行不公平的贸易，从而造成对其他缔约国的歧视。八、磋商调解原则。为了保证缔约国在总协定中获得的权利不受侵害，维护缔约国的正当权利，缓和缔约国之间的贸易分歧，解决贸易争端，总协定在磋商调解原则下，制定了一套磋商程序和申诉程序，以保证各缔约国顺利履行总协定的权利与义务.根据总协定规定，贸易争端应通过有关缔约国直接协商解决.对于经过双方协商未能解决的问题，可以向总协定理事会提出书面申诉.理事会根据情况将这一问题交工作小组来审查，并根据小组调查的结论或建议作出裁决；不发达国家也可请求总协定的总干事出面斡旋，总干事可就此同缔约国大会主席或理事会主席进行

19、磋商.一般说来，总协定采取协商一致的方法作出决定.如用表决方法，在通常情况下以简单多数通过；只是涉及允许偏离总协定的义务问题，才要求以三分之二的多数票通过.总协定采用磋商调解的方法，强调协商一致，对于加强缔约国之间的贸易合作以及促进贸易发展，是有积极意义的.2.After enter WTO,china will own what rights and have to undertake what obligations?加入世界贸易组织联合会的权利与义务会员享受如下基本的权利：(1)自主定价，享受免费代理、专卖、批发、零售之间的差价；(2)享受网络直销人员终身指纹消费和加盟认证最低1%的费率

20、待遇；(3)指纹消费成员累积返利38%以外免收任何费用；(4)享受其他世贸组织联合会成员开放或扩大货物、服务市场准入的利益及厂房、人员、技术、信息、好项目、闲散资金、技术人才、先进设备等资源共享、优势互补，共同开发市场、科研攻关、科学成果转化；(5)利用世贸组织联合会的争端解决机制，公平、客观、合理地解决与其他国家的经贸摩擦，营造良好的经贸发展环境；(6)免费使用世贸组织联合会平台、免费秘书、工商、税务、信息、融资等服务；(7)享受世贸组织联合会成员利用各项规则、采取例外、保证措施等促进经贸发展的权利。会员承担如下基本的义务：(1)承认世贸组织联合会对消费者直接累积返利38%并在货物售出时由世

21、贸组织联合会一次性扣出；文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文

22、档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7

23、I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8

24、Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A

25、5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1

26、N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9

27、B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5(2)支付 1%给指纹消费认证设备投资的合作企业及超市5%的物流配送营销等综合服务费。依世贸组织相关协议规定，扩大货物、服务的市场准入程度，即具体要求降低关税和标准非关税措施，逐步扩大服务贸易市场开放；(3)按知识产权协定规定进一步标准知识

28、产权保护；(4)按争端解决机制与其他成员公正地解决贸易摩擦；(5)增加贸易政策、法规的透明度；(6)标准货物贸易中对外资的投资措施；(7)按在世界出口中所占比例缴纳一定会费。To join the World Trade Organization rights and obligations of the Federation of Members enjoy the following fundamental rights:(1)self-pricing,access to free agency,franchising,wholesale,retail,the difference bet

29、ween;(2)The right to life-long network of direct sales personnel to join fingerprint authentication consumption and the lowest 1%of the rate of treatment;(3)The fingerprints of the consumer members other than the cumulative rebate 38%free of any charges;(4)The Federation of the enjoyment of other WT

30、O members to open or expand the goods,services,market access benefits and plant,personnel,technology,information,good projects,idle capital,technical personnel,advanced equipment,such as resource sharing,mutual complementarity and common development of the market,scientific research,scientific achie

31、vements;(5)the use of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism Federation,fair,objective and reasonable solution to the economic and trade frictions with other countries and create a favorable environment for trade and economic development;(6)Free use of the World Trade Organization Federation of platfo

32、rms,free secretary,industry and commerce,taxation,information,finance and other services;(7)The right to union members to take advantage of WTO rules,to take exception to ensure that measures to promote economic and trade development rights.Members bear the following basic obligations:(1)Recognition

33、 of World Trade Organization Federation of cumulative rebates directly to consumers and 38%of the goods sold by the Confederation of a one-time deduction out of the World Trade Organization;(2)paying 1%to the fingerprint authentication equipment investment cooperation in consumer companies and super

34、markets 5%of the logistics and distribution and marketing of integrated services.In accordance with relevant WTO agreements,the expansion of goods,services,market access,that is,reduction of tariffs and regulate the specific requirements of non-tariff measures,and gradually expand the market access

35、of trade in services;(3)Click TRIPS Agreement to further regulate the provisions of intellectual property protection;(4)The dispute settlement mechanism and the other members of the just settlement of trade friction;(5)to increase trade policies and regulations more transparent;(6)regulate trade in

36、goods for foreign capital investment measures;(7)according to the proportion of world exports to pay some dues.文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9

37、B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P

38、6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2

39、W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6

40、A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y

41、2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2

42、H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5学习文档仅供参考海外投资保证制度的概念和法

43、律特征海外投资保险制度又称海外投资保证制度，是指资本输出国政府对本国海外投资者在国外可能遇到的政治风险，提供保证或保险，投资者向本国投资保险机构申请保险后，假设承保的政治风险发生，致投资者遭受损失，则由国内保险机构补偿其损失的制度。它是国际投资保护的重要法制之一。特征：1、海外投资保险是由政府机构或公营公司承保的，它不是以营利为目的，而是以保护投资为目的。2、海外投资保险的对象只限于海外私人直接投资。而且被保险的私人直接投资必须符合特定的条件。3、海外投资保险的范围只限于政治风险，如征用险、外汇险、战争险等，不包括一般商业风险。4、海外投资保险的任务不单是像民间保险那样在于进行事后补偿，而更重

44、要的是防患于未然。这一任务通常是结合两国间投资保证协定来完成的。海外投资保险具有以下特征：1海外投资保险的国际性。调整海外投资保险活动的法律标准具有国际性，因为双边或多边投资保险制度都以政府间的协议为前提，因而都具有国际性。在单边投资保险制度下，由于保险标的位于国外，使得单边投资制度下的海外投资保险也具有了国际性。2承保风险的政治性。海外投资保险所承保的风险是政治风险。这是海外投资保险区别于其他保险的重要特征。3海外投资保险的对等性。海外投资保险实质上是一种海外投资者的“国家保证”。在处理国家与国家之间的关系时，所应遵循的最基本的原则之一就是对等原则。4保险对象的特殊性。海外投资保险制度的对象

45、仅限于私人直接投资，不包括在海外证券市场上进行的股票或证券投资。5保险作用的特殊性。海外投资保险制度的作用不仅在于当投资者由于政治风险遭受财产损失时予以事后的经济补偿，更重要的是它借助于两国间的投资保险协定，在一定程度上防患于未然，尽可能地使风险事故不再发生。6保险目的的特殊性。海外投资保险实质上是一种国家保险或政府保险，它不以营利为目的，而是以保护海外投资、促进本国经济发展为目的。Ps：选择看司考资料，关注涉外民事法律关系适用法翻译从联合国销售公约法条中出有一个英文案例是关于海上运输的海牙公约中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法2010年 10 月 28 日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会

46、第十七次会议通过目录文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编

47、码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7

48、 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9

49、 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文

50、档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7I7 HR10J6A9B8Z9 ZA7M5Y2P6A5文档编码:CO2H2W1N7