2022年【中考必备】初中语文所有知识点总结 .pdf

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1、初中语文所有知识点总结语音课标要求；1、了解汉语拼音方案；2、识记字母表、声母表、韵母表，会标写声调符号和隔音符号；3、识记3500个常用汉字。知识回顾：音节拼音规则：（一）书写字母要规范：1一律用印刷体小写字母，不可掺杂手写体。2要安在四线三格上书写字母的规定写字母。3拼写人名、地名、国名及专有名词时，第一个字母应当大写，句子开头的第一个字母也要大写。我看了不少鲁迅的作品。（二）注意有些声母、韵母不能拼写在一起：声母b p m f 能和 o 拼，不能和uo 拼。如：b（波），不能拼成 bu（三）注意拼音规则：韵母 儿写成 er，用作韵尾时写成r。如：儿童（?r t?ng），花儿（hu r）y

2、、w 的使用：韵母表中i 行的韵母，在前面没有声母的时候，要用y 开头。（2）韵母表中u 行的韵母，在前面没有声母的时候，要用w 开头。（3）韵母表中?行的韵母，在前面没有声母的时候，也要用y 开头。加y 后，?的两点要省去。使用 y、w，主要是为了连写时明确音节的分界，y、w 是起隔音作用的字母。如：把大衣 二字连写成dai，就会以为是一个音节。用了y，写成dayi，音节的分界就分明了。省写：（1）韵母 iou，uei，uen前面加声母的时候，写成iu（优），ui（威），un（温）。如：牛、归、论（2）?和 n、l 以外的声母相拼时都省去两点。（四）注意标音位置：1如果一个音节只有一个元音，

3、声调符号应标在元音上。2如果有两个元音，声调符号就按 a,o,e,i,u,?的顺序标记。3i,u 两个元音并列时，声调标在后面的元音上。如：tu?（推），qi（球）4调号恰巧标在 i 的上面，那么i 上的小点要省去。5轻声音节不标调。如：萝卜、桌子标调歌：见了a 母莫放过，没有a 母找 o、e。i、u 并列标在后，i 上标调把点抹。（五）注意使用隔音符号：a,o,e开头的音节连接爱其他音节后面时，如果音节的界限发生混淆，用隔音符号（）隔开。如：p o（皮袄）正确拼读字可使用下列方法：1、语境定音法：分析语境，了解语意，从而推断读音；2、词性定音法：有些词词性不同，读音也不同；3、记忆积累法：对

4、特殊的，少量的要强行记忆；4、声旁类推法：据声旁推断读音。附：容易读错的常用字（按音序排列）A 1.挨紧 i 2.挨饿受冻 i 3.白皑皑 i 4.狭隘 i 5.不谙水性 n 6.熬菜 o7.煎熬 o 8.鏖战 o 9.拗断 o 10.拗口令 o B 1.纵横捭阖b i h?2.稗官野史b i 3.扳平b n 4.同胞b o 5.炮羊肉b o 6.剥皮b o 7.薄纸b o 8.并行不悖bai 9.蓓蕾 bai l t i 10.奔波b11.投奔ban 12.迸发 bang 13.包庇b14.麻痹b15.奴颜婢膝bx?16.刚愎自用b17.复辟b18.濒临b?n 19.针砭bi n 20.屏气

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6、笞ch?26.痴呆 ch?27.痴心妄想ch?28.白痴ch?29.踟蹰chch30.奢侈ch31.整饬 ch 32.炽热ch33.不啻ch 34.叱咤风云chzh35.忧心忡忡ch ng 36.憧憬ch ng 37.崇拜ch?ng 38.惆怅 ch?u ch ng 39.踌躇ch?u ch40.相形见绌ch41.黜免ch42.揣摩chu i43.椽子chu n 44.创伤chu ng 45.凄怆ch ng 46.啜泣chu?47.辍学chu?48.宽绰chu?49.瑕疵c?50.伺候c51.烟囱c ng 52.从容c?ng 53.淙淙流水c?ng 54.一蹴而就c55.璀璨cu56.忖度c

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25、3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM

26、1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q

27、3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM

28、1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q

29、3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM

30、1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q31.趿拉t2.鞭挞t3.叨光t o 4.熏陶t o 5.体已t?6.孝悌t7.倜傥 tt ng 8.恬不知耻ti n 9.殄灭ti n 10.轻佻ti o 11.调皮ti o 12.妥贴tiy 13.请帖tit14.字贴tia 15.恸哭tong 16.如火如荼t17.湍急 tu n 18.颓废tu19.蜕化tu20.囤积t n W 1.逶迤wyi y2.违反w?i 3.崔嵬w?i 4.冒天下之

31、大不韪wt i 5.为虎作伥wai ch ng 6.龌龊w?chu?7.斡旋w?8.深恶痛疾wjX 1.膝盖x?2.檄文x3.狡黠xi 4.厦门 xi 5.纤维xi n w?i 6.翩跹xi n 7.屡见不鲜xi n 8.垂涎三尺xi n 9.勾股弦xi n 10.鲜见xi n 11.肖像 xi o 12.采撷xi?13.叶韵xia 14.纸屑xia15.机械xi a 16.省亲x ng 17.不朽xi 18.铜臭xi 19.星宿xi 20.长吁短叹x21.自诩x22.抚恤金x23.酗酒x24.煦暖x25.眩晕 xu n y n 26.炫耀 xu n 27.洞穴xu?28.戏谑xua29.驯服

32、x n 30.徇私舞弊x n Y 1.倾轧y2.揠苗助长y3.殷红y n 4.湮没y n 5.筵席 y n 6.百花争妍y n 7.河沿y n 8.偃旗息鼓y n 9.奄奄一息y n 10.赝品y n 11.佯装y ng 12.怏怏不乐yang 13.安然无恙y ng 14.杳无音信y o 15.窈窈 y o ti o 16.发虐子y o 17.耀武扬威y o 18.因噎废食yy 19.揶揄y?y20.陶冶yt21.呜咽ya 22.摇曳ya 23.拜谒ya 24.笑靥ya 25.甘之如饴y26.颐和园y27.迤逦yl28.旖旎 yn29.自怨自艾y30.游弋y31.后裔y32.奇闻轶事y 33

33、.络绎不绝y34.造诣y35.友谊y36.肄业y37.熠熠闪光y38.一望无垠y n 39.荫凉y n 40.应届y?ng 41.应承y ng 42.应用文y ng 43.应试教育y ng 44.邮递员y?u 45.黑黝黝y u46.良莠不齐y u 47.迂回y48.向隅而泣y49.愉快y50.始终不渝y 51.逾越y 52 年逾古稀y53.娱乐y54.伛偻yl55.舆论y56.尔虞我诈y57.囹圄y58.参与y59.驾驭y60.家喻户晓y61.熨贴y62.寓情于景y63.鹜蚌相争y64.卖儿鬻女y65.断瓦残垣yu n 66.苑囿yu n y?u 67.头晕y n 68.允许y n 69.晕

34、船y n 70.酝酿y n ni ng Z 1.扎小辫z 2.柳荫匝地z3.登载z i 4.载重 z i 5.载歌载舞z i 6.怨声载道z i7.拒载z i 8.暂时z n 9.臧否z ng p10.宝藏z ng 11.确凿z o 12.啧啧称赞z?13.谮言zan 14.憎恶zyng 15.赠送zang 16.驻扎zh17.咋呼zh18.挣扎zh 19.札记zh20.咋舌 zh 21.择菜zh i 22.占卜zh n 23.客栈zh n 24.破绽zh n25.精湛zh n 26.颤粟zh n 27.高涨zh ng 28.涨价zh ng 29.着慌zh o 30.沼泽zh o 31.召开z

35、h o 32.肇事zh o 33.折腾zhy 34.动辄得咎zh?ji35.蛰伏zh?36.贬谪zh?37.铁砧zhyn 38.日臻完善zhyn 39.甄别zhyn 40.箴言zhyn 41.缜密zht n 42.赈灾zhan 43.症结zhyn g 44.拯救zht ng 45.症候zhang 46.诤友zhang 47.挣脱zhang 48.脂肪zh?49 踯躅zhzh50 近在咫尺zh51 博闻强识zh 52 标识zh53 质量zh 54 脍炙人口zh55 鳞次栉比zh56 对峙 zh 57 中听zh?ng 58 中肯zh?ng 59 刀耕火种zh?ng 60 胡诌 zh u 61 啁啾

36、zh u 62 压轴zh?u 63 贮藏zh64 莺啼鸟啭zhu n 65 撰稿zhu n 66 谆谆zh n 67 弄巧成拙zhu68 灼热zhu?69 卓越zhu?70 啄木鸟zhu?71 着陆zhu?72 穿着打扮zhu?73 恣意z 74 浸渍z 75 作坊zu76 柞蚕zu?词 语课标要求：1、词性；词语根据语法功能（A 有无实际意义；B 能否充当句子主干；C 能否单独回答问题；D 能否重叠）可以分为实词和虚词两类。实词包括名词、代词、动词、形容词、数量词。虚词包括副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词、拟声词。2、介词顺口溜：文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P

37、2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I

38、4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P

39、2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I

40、4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P

41、2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I

42、4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P

43、2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3在上、在下、关于、对，根据、按照、使、与、被。自从、依靠、凭借、向，通过、沿着、把、给、为。介词不能单独使用，只能和名词或代词一起，构成介宾短语，在句子中作修饰语（定语、状语、补语）。介词前后两个词的顺序不能调换。3、近义词的辨析角度：A 词义轻重；B 适用的范围；C 搭配的对象；D 感情色彩；E 语体色彩。4、词语的辨析原则：字不离词，词不离句。注意联系具体的语言环境理解词语的含义。5、注意关联词的使用：A、正确使用；B

44、、正确搭配。6、词语的含义，包括基本义、引申义、比喻义以及词语的深层含义、特殊意义。词语在运用的过程中会因为具体的语言环境的不同而产生一些引申义、比喻义以及一些深层的含义和一些特殊的意义。答题方法（1）、思路：联系具体的语言环境理解其比喻义、引申义以及词语的深层含义，特殊意义。（2）、语言：答题语言一般可用“比喻,”“指,”“意思是,”等。7、词语的表达作用词语的表达作用是指所指定的词语在该句子中对所表达的对象起到了一个什么样的表达作用、达到了一个怎样的表达效果。这需要学生对该词语，对整个句子作较为深层次的理解思考，并找到合理有效的语言来表达。答题方法（1）思路：从词语对所表达对象表现出的情状

45、、实际情况去判断。并组织合理的语言答题。（2）语言：注意区分文体，如果是记叙文，应该用“表现了,”或者“生动形象地表现了,”；如果是说明文，应该用“准确地说明了,”；如果是议论文，应该用“有力地论证了,”。当然，也不是一成不变的，但最好不要把记叙文的词语表达作用说成是“说明了”什么。8、词语的感情色彩文章中词语的感情色彩一般有两种情况，一是表现文中人物的感情；二是表达作者的感情倾向。（1）思路：要根据具体的语言环境来判断词语对所表现的对象在感情表达上的作用或者该词语所传达的作者的情感倾向。（2）、语言：可用“表现,”“批判,”“讽刺,”“赞扬,”等等之类。9、某句话中某个词换成另一个行吗？为什

46、么？答题方法：动词：不行。因为该词准确生动具体地写出了,形容词：不行。因为该词生动形象地描写了,副词（如都，大都，非常只有等）：不行。因为该词准确地说明了,的情况（表程度，表限制，表时间，表范围等），换了后就变成,，与事实不符。10、一句话中某两三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？答题格式：不能。因为（1）与人们认识事物的（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质）规律不一致（2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系（3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，不能互换。11、成语使用错误的原因：A 望文生义，即只根据字面的意思，就做出想当然的错误解释。例如：走进山的怀抱，目观壮丽山色，耳闻风声鹤唳，身心得到极大的放松。“风声鹤

47、唳”是指溃逃的士兵听到风声和鹤叫都怀疑是追兵，形容惊慌疑惧。又如：运动会上，他借的一身衣服很不合身，真是捉襟见肘。B 褒贬误用，即对成语的感情色彩把握不准，本来是含有褒义的，却用到贬义的语境中去。例如：文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q

48、3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM

49、1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q

50、3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM1T8Y8V4T1 ZV6P2Z6R1Q3文档编码:CC8J7M5I4D6 HM