各地数学中考真题直角三角形与勾股定理含答案.pdf
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1、学习好资料欢迎下载直角三角形与勾股定理一、选择题1.(2016四川达州 3 分)如图,在5 5 的正方形网格中,从在格点上的点A,B,C,D中任取三点,所构成的三角形恰好是直角三角形的概率为()ABCD【考点】勾股定理的应用【分析】从点 A,B,C,D 中任取三点,找出所有的可能,以及能构成直角三角形的情况数,即可求出所求的概率【解答】解:从点 A,B,C,D 中任取三点能组成三角形的一共有4 种可能,其中 ABD,ADC,ABC 是直角三角形,所构成的三角形恰好是直角三角形的概率为故选 D2.(2016广东广州)如图2,已知三角形ABC,AB=10,AC=8,BC=6,DE是 AC的垂直平分
2、线,DE交 AB于 D,连接 CD,CD()A、3 B、4 C、4.8D、5 图2DACEB难易中等考点勾股定理及逆定理,中位线定理,中垂线的性质解析因为 AB=10,AC=8,BC=8,由勾股定理的逆定理可得三角形ABC为直角三角形,因为 DE为 AC边的中垂线,所以DE与 AC垂直,AE=CE=4,所以 DE为三角形 ABC 的中位线,所以 DE=12BC=3,再根据勾股定理求出CD=5 参考答案 D3.(2016 年浙江省台州市)如图,数轴上点A,B 分别对应1,2,过点 B 作 PQAB,以点 B 为圆心,AB 长为半径画弧,交PQ 于点 C,以原点 O 为圆心,OC 长为半径画弧,交
3、数轴于点 M,则点 M 对应的数是()精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页,共 15 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载ABCD【考点】勾股定理;实数与数轴【分析】直接利用勾股定理得出OC 的长,进而得出答案【解答】解:如图所示:连接OC,由题意可得:OB=2,BC=1,则 AC=,故点 M 对应的数是:故选:B4(2016山东烟台)如图,RtABC 的斜边 AB 与量角器的直径恰好重合,B 点与 0 刻度线的一端重合,ABC=40 ,射线 CD 绕点 C 转动,与量角器外沿交于点D,若射线CD将ABC 分割出以 BC 为边的等腰三角形,则点D 在量角器上对应的度数是()A40 B70 C
4、70 或 80 D80 或 140【考点】角的计算【分析】如图,点 O 是 AB 中点,连接 DO,易知点 D 在量角器上对应的度数=DOB=2 BCD,只要求出 BCD 的度数即可解决问题【解答】解:如图,点O 是 AB 中点,连接DO点 D 在量角器上对应的度数=DOB=2 BCD,当射线 CD 将ABC 分割出以BC 为边的等腰三角形时,BCD=40 或 70,点 D 在量角器上对应的度数=DOB=2 BCD=80 或 140,故选 D精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页,共 15 页 -文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文
5、档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG
6、8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1
7、K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 H
8、Z9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5
9、J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 Z
10、X10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N
11、3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1学习好资料欢迎下载5(2016.山东省威海市,3 分)如图,在矩形ABCD 中,AB=4,BC=6,点 E 为 BC 的中点,将 ABE 沿 AE 折叠,使点B 落在矩形内点F 处,连接CF,则 CF 的长为()ABCD【考点】矩形的性质;翻折变换(折叠
12、问题)【分析】连接 BF,根据三角形的面积公式求出BH,得到 BF,根据直角三角形的判定得到BFC=90 ,根据勾股定理求出答案【解答】解:连接 BF,BC=6,点 E 为 BC 的中点,BE=3,又 AB=4,AE=5,BH=,则 BF=,FE=BE=EC,BFC=90 ,CF=故选:D6(2016江苏连云港)如图 1,分别以直角三角形三边为边向外作等边三角形,面积分别为 S1、S2、S3;如图 2,分别以直角三角形三个顶点为圆心,三边长为半径向外作圆心角相等的扇形,面积分别为S4、S5、S6其中 S1=16,S2=45,S5=11,S6=14,则 S2+S4=()精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下
13、载 名师归纳-第 3 页,共 15 页 -文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3
14、Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX1
15、0T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T
16、3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编
17、码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T
18、10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2
19、W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1学习好资料欢迎下载A86 B64 C54 D48【分析】分别用AB、BC 和 AC 表示出S1、S2、S3,然后根据AB2=A
20、C2+BC2即可得出S1、S2、S3的关系同理,得出S4、S5、S6的关系【解答】解:如图1,S1=AC2,S2=BC2,S3=AB2AB2=AC2+BC2,S1+S2=AC2+BC2=AB2=S3,如图 2,S4=S5+S6,S3+S4=16+45+11+14=86 故选 A【点评】本题考查了勾股定理、等边三角形的性质勾股定理:如果直角三角形的两条直角7.(2016江苏南京)下列长度的三条线段能组成钝角三角形的是A3,4,4 B.3,4,5 C.3,4,6 D.3,4,7 答案:C 考点:构成三角形的条件,勾股定理的应用,钝角三角形的判断。解析:由两边之和大于第三边,可排除D;由勾股定理:2
21、22abc,当最长边比斜边 c 更长时,最大角为钝角,即满足222abc,所以,选 C。精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页,共 15 页 -文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A
22、1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7
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24、5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5
25、ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6N3T3X1文档编码:CG8T10A1K2W7 HZ9X2W5J3Q5 ZX10T6
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