地质工程专业常用英文词汇.pdf
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1、学习文档仅供参考阐述expound(explain),state 引入introduce into 相应的corresponding 概念conception 概论overview 概率probability 概念化conceptualize 宏观的macroscopic 补充complement 规划plan 证明demonstrate,certify,attest 证实confirmation 补偿compensate,make up,imburse 算法algorithm 判别式discriminant 有限元方法finite element method(FEM)样本单元法sample
2、 element method(SEM)赤平投影法stereographic projection method(SPM)赤平投影stereographic projection 干扰位移法interference displacement method(IDM)干扰能量法interference energy method(IEM)条分法method of slices 极限平衡法limit equilibrium method 界面元法boundary element method 模拟simulate 计算程序computer program 数值分析numerical analysis
3、 计算工作量calculation load 解的唯一性uniqueness of solution 多层结构模型laminated model 非线性nonlinear 横观各向同性lateral isotropy 各向同性isotropy 各向异性anisotropy 非均质性heterogeneity 边界条件boundary condition 本构方程constitutive equation 初始条件initial condition 初始状态rest condition 岩土工程geotechnical engineering,土木工程civil engineering 基础工程
4、foundation engineering 最不利滑面the most dangerous slip surface 交替alternate 控制论cybernetics 大量现场调查mass field surveys 组合式combined type 相互作用interaction 稳定性评价stability evaluation 均质性homogeneity 介质medium 层layer,stratum 组构fabric 1 地形地貌geographic and geomorphic 工程地质条件engineering geological conditions 地形地貌条件geo
5、graphic and geomorphic conditions 地形land form 地貌geomorphology,relief 微地貌microrelief 地貌单元landform unit,geomorphic unit 坡度grade 地形图relief map 河谷river valley 河道river course 河床river bed(channel)冲沟gully,gulley,erosion gully,stream(brook)河漫滩floodplain(valley flat)阶地terrace 冲积平原alluvial plain 三角洲delta 古河道f
6、ossil river course,fossil stream channel 冲积扇alluvial fan 洪积扇diluvial fan 坡积裙talus apron 分水岭divide 盆地basin 岩溶地貌karst land feature,karst landform 溶洞solution cave,karst cave 落水洞sinkhole 土洞Karstic earth cave 2 地层岩性地层geostrome(stratum,strata)岩性lithologic character,rock property岩体rock mass 岩层bed stratum 岩
7、层layer,rock stratum 母岩matrix,parent rock 相变facies change 硬质岩strong rock,film 软质岩weak rock 硬质的competent 软质的incompetent 基岩bedrock 岩组petrofabric 覆盖层overburden 交错层理cross bedding 层面bedding plane 片理schistosity 层理bedding 板理叶理foliation 波痕ripple-mark 泥痕mud crack 雨痕raindrop imprints 造岩矿物rock-forming minerals
8、粘土矿物clay mineral 高岭土kaolinite 蒙脱石montmorillonite 伊利石illite 云母mica 白云母muscovite 黑云母biotite 石英quartz 长石feldspar 正长石orthoclase 斜长石plagioclase 辉石pyroxene,picrite 角闪石hornblende 方解石calcite 构造structure 结构texture 组构fabric(tissue)矿物组成mineral composition 结晶质crystalline 非晶质amorphous 产状attitude 火成岩igneous 学习文档仅
9、供参考岩浆岩magmatic rock 火山岩熔岩lava 火山volcano 侵入岩intrusive(invade)rock 喷出岩effusive rock 深成岩plutonic rock 浅成岩pypabysal rock 酸性岩acid rock 中性岩inter-mediate rock 基性岩basic rock 超基性岩ultrabasic rock 岩基rock base(batholith)岩脉墙dike 岩株rock stock 岩流rock flow 岩盖rock laccolith(laccolite)岩盆rock lopolith 岩墙rock dike 岩床ro
10、ck sill 岩脉vein dyke 花岗岩granite 斑岩porphyry 玢岩porphyrite 流纹岩rhyolite 正长岩syenite 粗面岩trachyte 闪长岩diorite 安山岩andesite 辉长岩gabbro 玄武岩basalt 细晶岩aplite 伟晶岩pegmatite 煌斑岩lamprophyre 辉绿岩diabase 橄榄岩dunite 黑曜岩obsidian 浮岩pumice 火山角砾岩vulcanic breccia 火山集块岩volcanic agglomerate 凝灰岩tuff 沉积岩sedimentary rock 碎屑岩clastic
11、rock 粘土岩clay rock 粉砂质粘土岩silty claystone 化学岩chemical rock 生物岩biolith 砾岩conglomerate 角砾岩breccia 砂岩sandstone 石英砂岩quartz sandstone 粉砂岩siltstone 钙质粉砂岩calcareous siltstone 泥岩mudstone 页岩shale 盐岩saline 石灰岩limestone 白云岩dolomite 泥灰岩marl 泥钙岩argillo-calcareous 泥砂岩argillo-arenaceous 砂质arenaceous 泥质argillaceous 硅
12、质的siliceous 有机质organic matter 粗粒coarse grain 中粒medium-grained 沉积物sediment(deposit)漂石、顽石boulder 卵石cobble 砾石gravel 砂sand 粉土silt 粘土clay 粘粒clay grain 砂质粘土sandy clay 粘质砂土clayey sand 壤土、亚粘土loam 砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚粘土sandy loam 浮土、表土regolith(topsoil)黄土loess 红土laterite 泥灰peat 软泥ooze 淤泥mire,oozed mud,sludge,warp clay 冲
13、积物层alluvion 冲积的alluvial 洪积物层proluvium,diluvium,diluvion 洪积的diluvial 坡积物层deluvium 残积物层eluvium 残积的eluvial 风积物层eolian deposits 湖积物层lake deposits 海积物层marine deposits 冰川沉积物层glacier(drift)deposits 崩积物层colluvial deposits,colluvium 残积粘土residual clay 变质岩metamorphic rock 板岩slate 千枚岩phyllite 片岩schist 片麻岩gneiss
14、 石英岩quartzite 大理岩marble 糜棱岩mylonite 混合岩migmatite 碎裂岩cataclasite 3 地质构造地质构造geologic structure 结构构造structural texture 大地构造geotectonic 构造运动tectogenesis 造山运动orogeny 升降运动vertical movement 水平运动horizontal movement 完整性perfection(integrity)起伏度waviness 尺寸效应size effect 围压效应confining pressure effect 产状要素element
15、s of attitude 产状attitude,orientation 走向strike 倾向dip 倾角dip angle,angle of dip 褶皱fold 褶曲fold 单斜monocline 文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y
16、6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7
17、HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y
18、6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7
19、HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y
20、6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7
21、HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5文档编码:CO5V8W5G1Z7 HQ6N6S9W6V1 ZN3E4K6Y6O5学习文档仅供参考向斜syncline 背斜anticline 穹隆dome 挤压squeeze 上盘upper section 下盘bottom wall
22、,footwall,lower wall 断距separation 相交intersect 断层fault 正断层normal fault 逆断层reversed fault 平移断层parallel fault 层理bedding,stratification 微层理light stratification 地堑graben 地垒horst,fault ridge 断层泥gouge,pug,selvage,fault gouge 擦痕stria,striation 断裂fracture 破碎带fracture zone 节理joint 节理组joint set 裂隙fissure,crack
23、 微裂隙fine fissure,microscopic fissure 劈理cleavage原生裂隙original joint 次生裂隙epigenetic joint 张裂隙tension joint 剪裂隙shear joint 卸荷裂隙relief crack 裂隙率fracture porosity 结构类型structural pattern 岩体结构rock mass structure 岩块block mass 结构体structural element 块度blockness 结构面structural plane 软弱结构面weak plane 临空面free face
24、碎裂结构cataclastic texture 板状结构platy structure 薄板状lamellose 块状的lumpy,massive 层状的laminated 巨厚层giant thick-laminated 薄层状的finely laminated 软弱夹层weak intercalated layer 夹层inter bedding,intercalated bed,interlayer,intermediate layer 夹泥层clayey intercalation 夹泥inter-clay 连通性connectivity 切层insequent 影响带affectin
25、g zone 完整性integrity n.Integrate v.&a.degree of integrality 破碎crumble 胶结cement 泥化argillization 尖灭taper-out 错动diastrophism 错动层面faulted bedding plane 断续的intermittent 破碎crumble 共轭节理conjugated joint 散状loose 透镜状的lens-shaped a.岩石碎片crag 岩屑cuttings,debris 薄膜membrane,film 层理stratification 高角度high dip angle 缓倾
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