2021年人教版八年级英语上册Unit1-10基础知识总结.pdf

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1、2013 新版八年级上册1-10 分单元知识点归类总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?（谈论假期生活，一般过去时）Unit 2 How often do you exercise?（谈论生活习惯，一般现在时）Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister（谈论事物对比，形容词比较级）Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater?（谈论事物比较，形容词最高级）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?（谈论内心想法，一般现在时）Unit6 Im going to s

2、tudy computer science.(谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时)Unit7 Will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言，一般将来时)Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?(描述进程，祈使句)Unit9 Can you come to my party?(学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子)Unit10 If you go to the party,you ll have a great time.(作出决定，学习if 的条件状语从句)Unit 1 Where did you go on vacatio

3、n?第一单元主要点：复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的to do 和 doing 的区别ed 形容词和 ing 形容词的区别“近义词”的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。一、词组、短语：1、go on vacation 去度假，2、stay at home 呆在家，3、go to the mountains 上山/进山，4、go to the beach到海边去，5、visit museums 参观博物馆，6、go to summer camp 去夏令营，7、quit

4、e a few 相当多，8、study for 为 学习，9、go out 出去，10、most of the time 大部分时间/绝大多数时间，11、taste good 尝起来味道好，12、have a good time玩的开心，13、of course 当然可以，14、feel like 感觉像/想要,15、go shopping 购物，16、in the past 在过去，17、walk around 绕 走，18、too many 太多（可数名词前面），19、because of 因为，20、one bowl of 一碗,21、find out 查出来/发现，22、go on 继

5、续，23、take photos 照相，24、something important 重要的事情，25、up and down 上上下下，26、come up 出来二、重要句子（语法）：Where did you go on vacation?你到哪里去度假了？I went to New York City.我去了纽约城Did you go out with anyone?你出去带人吗？No,No one was here.Everyone was on vacation.不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。Did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗？Yes

6、,I bought something for my father.对，我给父亲买了一些东西。How was the food?食物怎么样？Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗？Oh,yes.Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。精品w o r d 可编辑资料-第 1 页，共 28 页-三、习惯用法、搭配1.buy sth.for ab./buy sb.sth.为某人买某物2.taste+adj.尝起来 3.nothing.but+V.(原形)除

7、了 之外什么都没有4.seem+(to be)+adj 看起来5.arrive in+大地方/arrive at+小地方到达某地6.decide to do sth.决定做某事7.try doing sth.尝试做某事/try to do sth.尽力做某事8.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事9.want to do sth.想去做某事10.start doing sth.开始做某事11.stop doing sth.停止做某事12.look+adj 看起来13.dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事14.Why not do sth.为什么不做.呢？15.so+adj+t

8、hat+从句如此 以至于 16.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事17.keep doing sth.继续做某事18.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth 忘记做过某事四、词语辨析：1.Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了？（P1）1）这是有疑问副词where 引导的特殊疑问句，where 用来询问地点和场所，放在句首。a._ do you _ _?你从哪里来？b._does he_?他住在哪里？2）go on vacation 意为“去度假”。I want _ _ _ _in H

9、ainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2.visited my uncle 看望了我的叔叔（P1）visit 是及物动词，意为“拜访；探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。visit 还可以意为“参观；游览”，后接表示地点的名词。a.I visited my grandmother last week.上周我去 _了我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai?你想 _上海吗？拓展：visitor 意为“参观者；游客”。eg:These visitors come from America._ 3.buy anything special 买特别的东

10、西。（P2）1）buy 及物动词，意为“买；购买”。其过去式为 _。拓展：buy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.意为“给某人买某物”。My uncle_ _a bike.=My uncle_ _for me.2)anything 不定代词，意为“某事；某件东西”，主要用于疑问句或否定句中。a.Do you want anything from me?b.I cant say anything about it.3)anthing special 表示“特别的东西”，形容词修饰不定代词时后置。Is there_ _in this book?这本书里有新的内容吗？4.Oh,did

11、you go anywhere interesting?哦，你去有趣的地方了吗？（P2）1）本句是 did 开头的一般疑问句2）anywhere 用作副词，意为“在任何地方”。eg：Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation？辨析：anywhere 与 somewhere anywhere 意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。eg:I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 意为“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.5.We took qui

12、te a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。（P2）take photos 意为“照相；拍照”。eg:We_ _on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。辨析：quite a few 与 quite a little quite a few 意为“很多;不少”，修饰可数名词复数；quite a little 意为“很多;不少”，修饰不可数名词。a.He stays here for _ _ _days.b.There is _ _ _water in the bottle(瓶子).6.I just stayed at home most of the ti

13、me to read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。（P2）精品w o r d 可编辑资料-第 2 页，共 28 页-文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O

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19、10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9most of the time意为“大部分时间”，其中 most 为代词，意为“大部分；大多数”。拓展 most of

20、意为“中的大多数”，它作主语时，谓语动词取决于most of 后所修饰的名词。a.Most of us_(be)going to the park.我们大多数人要去公园。b.Most of the food_(go)bad.大部分的食物都变质了。7.Everything tasted really good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！（P3）taste在此为系动词，意为“尝起来”，其后接形容词构成系表结构。a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。8.Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很开心吗？（P3）have a g

21、ood time=enjoy oneself=have fun 玩得开心（+doing）eg:We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.=We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.=We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.9.How did you like it?你觉得它怎么样？（P3）How do/did you like?意为“你觉得 怎么样？”，用来询问对方的观点或看法，相当于What do you think of?eg:How do yo

22、u like your new job?=_ _ _ _ your new job?10.Did you go shopping?你们去购物了吗？（P3）go shopping 意为“去购物；去买东西”，同义短语为do some shopping.eg:I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去go sightseeing 去观光go fishing 去钓鱼go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船1

23、1.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。（P3）a friends farm是名词所有格形式。一般情况下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加 s，表示所属关系。eg:The red bike is Alices.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。拓展：名词所有格的构成：1）单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加 s the girl s pen女孩的钢笔women s shoes 女鞋on Childrens Day2）复数名词以s结尾的只加the students readi

24、ng room学生阅览室Teachers Day教师节3）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，则表示“分别有”；只后一个名词有一个s，则表示“共有”：Johns and Kates rooms.约翰和凯特（各自）的房间。Lily and Lucys father.莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一个爸爸）。4）表示无生命的名词一般以.of.构成短语，表示所有关系。a map of China 一幅中国地图the name of the story 那个故事的名字12.Still no one seemed to be bored.(即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。（P3）1）seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”。

25、eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展 a.seem+adj.“看起来”。You seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴。b.seem+to do sth.“似乎，好像做某事”。I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。c.It seems/seemed+从句“看起来好像；似乎”。It seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信你。2）辨析：bored 与 boringa.bored 意为“厌烦的；感到无聊的”，一般在句中修饰人。b.boring 意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”，一般在句中修饰事或

26、物。eg：a.I m _with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。b.I find the story very_.我发现这个故事太无聊了。精品w o r d 可编辑资料-第 3 页，共 28 页-文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2

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32、1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9（二）Section B 1.What activ

33、ities do you find enjoyable?你发现什么活动让人快乐？（P5）1）activities 是 activity 的复数形式，意为“活动”。Students like outdoor activities._ 2）enjoyable 形容词，意为“愉快的；快乐的”。I m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。2.I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。（P5 arrive 不及物动

34、词，意为“到达”。arrive in 表示到达较大的地方，如国家、省、市等；arrive at 表示到达较小的地方，如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。（注：地点副词home，here，there 前介词省略）辨析：arrive in+大地点/arrive at+小地点get to+地点reach+地点eg：I(到达)school at 8：00 o clock yesterday.3.so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去。（P5）decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。eg:They _ _ _t

35、he museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。拓展：decide 后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语。He cant decide when _ _(leave)他不能决定何时动身。4.My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。（P5）try 此处用作及物动词，其后常接名词、动名词或不定式，意为“尝试；试图，设法；努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。拓展：try 也可用作名词，意为“尝试”，常用短语“have a try”，意为“试一试”。I want to have a try.我想试一试。辨析：try

36、 doing sth./try to do sth.1）try doing sth.尝试做某事，表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力。2）try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事，表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成，强调付出努力设法去完成。a.I _ _ him,but no one answered.我试着给他打电话了，但没有人接听。b.I m _ _ _ English well.我正尽力把英语学好。5.I felt like I was a bird.It was so exciting!我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了！（P5）1）feel like 意为“给 的感觉；感受到

37、”。其后常接从句。eg:He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。拓展：feel like 还可意为“想要”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即：feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事eg：Do you feel like a cup of tea now?你现在想要一杯茶吗？Do you feel like _(take)a walk in the park with me?你想跟我在公园散步吗？2）辨析：exciting 与 excited exciting 意为“令人兴奋的，使人激动的”，一般修饰某物。exc

38、ited 意为“感到兴奋的，激动的”，一般修饰某人。Eg：a.The story is_(exciting,excited).b.He told me the_(exciting,excited)news.c.Sarah was_(exciting,excited)to see the singer.6.There are a lot of new buildings now现在有许多新的建筑物（P5）building 可数名词,意为“建筑物；楼房”。build 动词，“建造，建筑”（built，built），The workers built many tall buildings in o

39、ur school last year.7.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。（P5）wonder 此处是及物动词，意为“想知道；琢磨”。其后常接who,what,why 等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg：1.I wonder _.我想知道那个男孩是谁。A.the boy is who B.who the boy is 2.I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。8.I really enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很喜

40、欢在镇上到处走走。（P5）精品w o r d 可编辑资料-第 4 页，共 28 页-文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H

41、1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9

42、Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H

43、2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X

44、2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4

45、O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E

46、6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A9文档编码:CX10X2H1M2J9 HD9S4O9Y6I2 ZF1X4E6H2A91）enjoy 及物动词，意为“喜爱；欣赏；享受 的乐趣”，其后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。a.Do you enjoy your job?你喜欢你的工作吗？b.I enjoy r

47、eading books.我喜欢读书。(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事)拓展：enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 玩得开心（+doing sth.）2）walk around 意为“四处走走”。Hes just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走。9.What a difference a day makes!一天的变化有多大呀！（P5）difference 可数名词，意为“差别，差异”；其形容词形式为different，意为“不同的；有差异的”。Eg:a.What is the differen

48、ce between this book and that book?b.My schoolbag is different from yours.(be different from 意为“与 不同”)10.We wanted to walk up to the top,but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.（P5）1）want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。2）start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，同义短语：start to do sth.Eg:Tom started

49、 learning English last year.3）a little 意为“一点儿”，在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可数名词。Eg:a.I can draw a little,but only as a hobby._ b.It s a little cold outside._ c.He can speak a little English._ 4)take the train 意为“乘火车”，take 在此意为“乘坐”。11.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.因

50、为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。（P5）1）wait for 意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2）over 介词，意为“多于；超过”，相当于 more than。Eg:My father is over 40 years old.There are over eight hundred students in our school.3)too many 意为“太多”，其后接可数名词复数。He always has too many questions to ask me.辨析：too many+可数名词复数意为“太