2022年2020年中考北师大版历史一轮复习:统一国家的建立、政权分立与民族融合知识点归纳 .pdf
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1、第二单元统一国家的建立、政权分立与民族融合考点 1 秦统一六国和秦始皇加强中央集权1秦统一六国(1)原因:商鞅变法使秦国成为战国后期最富强的国家,为统一创造了条件。(2)过程:灭六国,完成统一,于公元前 221 年建立了中国历史上第一个统一的中央集权的封建国家秦朝,定都咸阳。2.巩固统一的措施措施影响政治创立专制主义中央集权制度、郡县制在我国沿用了两千多年,对中国历史产生深远影响经济统一货币、度量衡对于促进各地的经济交流和维护国家统一有重要的影响文化统一文字促进了各地的文化交流与发展焚书坑儒摧残了文化,钳制了人们的思想军事北筑长城、开发南疆(统一岭南,开凿灵渠)使北方人民过上安定的生活,为中原
2、与东南、岭南地区经济文化交流提供了有利条件考点 2 陈胜、吴广起义(公元前 209年)1.原因:2.经过(1)公元前 209 年,陈胜、吴广在大泽乡起义,在陈建立张楚政权。(2)项羽、刘邦领导的农民军继续进行反秦斗争。公元前 207 年,项羽率军取得巨鹿之战的胜利,刘邦率军入咸阳灭秦。3.意义:陈胜、吴广起义是中国历史上第一次大规模的农民起义。他们的革命首创精神鼓舞了后世人民反抗残暴的统治。考点 3 汉武帝的大一统措施影响政治颁布“推恩令”,削弱封国势力使诸侯国再也无力与中央对抗思想文化“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”儒家学说成为封建正统思想军事派卫青、霍去病反击匈奴匈奴无力再与西汉抗衡考点 4 张骞通
3、西域及丝绸之路文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X
4、4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:
5、CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y1
6、0I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C
7、7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W
8、4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A
9、4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X41张骞通西域(注意西域是今新疆地区)西域两汉时期,人们把现今甘肃玉门关和阳关以西,也就是今新疆地区和更远的地方,称为西域目的为联络大月氏,夹击匈奴过程公元
10、前 138 年和公元前 119 年,张骞两次出使西域结果公元前 60 年,设立西域都护重大意义:新疆地区从属于中央政府管辖2.丝绸之路的开辟(注意路线)(1)开辟:中国的丝和丝织品,从长安通过河西走廊、今新疆地区,运往西亚,再转运到欧洲,又把西域各国的奇珍异宝输入中国内地。(2)作用:东西方经济文化交流的桥梁考点 5 秦汉科技与思想文化名称历史时期作者或发明者改进者或著作体例或地位或内容意义或作用造纸术西汉前期东汉蔡伦无无张仲景东汉 伤 寒 杂 病他 被 称 为无文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4
11、F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4
12、 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5
13、F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4
14、文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:C
15、E10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10
16、I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7
17、 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4考点 6 三国鼎立的形成1官渡之战、赤壁之战战役时间结果作用官渡之战公元200年曹操以少胜多,大败袁绍为曹操统一北方奠定了基础赤壁公元孙刘联军以少奠定了三国鼎立的基础论“医圣”华佗东汉他研制“麻沸散”无无 九 章算术东汉无无无佛教传入中国时间为西汉末年无无无史记西汉作者为“司马迁”体例为我国历史第一
18、部纪传体通史它 记 载 了 从“黄帝到汉武帝”3000 年的历史文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6
19、C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6
20、W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4
21、A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4
22、X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9
23、X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码:CE10Y10I7X6C7 HN6W4F1C4A4 ZU4X5F1A9X4文档编码
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