2022年八年级数学下册分式知识点总结2 .pdf
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1、八年级数学下册分式知识点总结第十六章分式1.分式的定义:如果A、B表示两个整式,并且B中含有字母,那么式子BA叫做分式。分式有意义的条件是分母不为零,分式值为零的条件分子为零且分母不为零。2.分式的基本性质:分式的分子与分母同乘或除以一个不等于0 的整式,分式的值不变。(0C)3.分式的通分和约分:关键先是分解因式4.分式的运算:分式乘法法则:分式乘分式,用分子的积作为积的分子,分母的积作为分母。分式除法法则:分式除以分式,把除式的分子、分母颠倒位置后,与被除式相乘。分式乘方法则:分式乘方要把分子、分母分别乘方。分式的加减法则:同分母的分式相加减,分母不变,把分子相加减。异分母的分式相加减,先
2、通分,变为同分母分式,然后再加减,abab acadbcadbccccbdbdbdbd;acac acadadbdbd bdbcbc?()nnnaabbAA CBB C?AACBBC混合运算:运算顺序和以前一样。能用运算率简算的可用运算率简算。5.任何一个不等于零的数的零次幂等于1,即)0(10aa;当 n 为正整数时,nnaa1()0a6.正整数指数幂运算性质也可以推广到整数指数幂(m,n 是整数)(1)同底数的幂的乘法:mnmnaaa?;(2)幂的乘方:()mnmnaa;(3)积的乘方:()nnnaba b;(4)同底数的幂的除法:mnmnaaa(a 0);(5)商的乘方:()nnnaab
3、b;(b0)7.分式方程:含分式,并且分母中含未知数的方程分式方程。解分式方程的过程,实质上是将方程两边同乘以一个整式(最简公分母),把分式方程转化为整式方程。解分式方程时,方程两边同乘以最简公分母时,最简公分母有可能为,这样就产生了增根,因此分式方程一定要验根。解分式方程的步骤:4)顺水逆水问题vvv顺水水流静水、vvv顺水水流静水-8.科学记数法:把一个数表示成na 10的形式(其中101a,n 是整数)的记数方法叫做科学记数法用科学记数法表示绝对值大于10的 n位整数时,其中 10的指数是1n用科学记数法表示绝对值小于1的正小数时,其中 10的指数是第一个非 0 数字前面 0 的个数(包
4、括小数点前面的一个0)文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6
5、 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X
6、6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10
7、X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S1
8、0X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S
9、10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2
10、S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4一、选择题1下列式子是分式的是()A2x Bx2C
11、x D2yx2下列各式计算正确的是()A11baba B abbab2 C 0,amanamn D amanmn3下列各分式中,最简分式是()Ayxyx73 Bnmnm22 C 2222abbaba D 22222yxyxyx4化简2293mmm的结果是()A.3mm B.3mm C.3mm D.mm35若把分式xyyx中的 x 和 y 都扩大 2 倍,那么分式的值()A扩大 2 倍 B不变 C缩小 2 倍 D缩小 4倍6若分式方程xaxax321有增根,则 a 的值是()A1 B0 C1 D2 7已知432cba,则cba的值是()A54 B.47 C.1 D.458一艘轮船在静水中的最大航
12、速为30 千米/时,它沿江以最大航速顺流航行 100 千米所用时间,与以最大航速逆流航行60 千米所用时文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 Z
13、X5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6
14、ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6
15、 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X
16、6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10
17、X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S10X6 ZX5Z7M8E6X4文档编码:CP5S7C10M7K5 HQ6L10U2S1
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