冬奥会和冰雪体育娱乐项目英语词汇.docx
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1、冰雪项目iceandsnowsportsBeijingisplanningtolisticeandsnowsportsasacompulsorycourseforprimaryandmiddleschoolstudents,announcedbymunicipalauthoritiesatthe2016InternationalWinterSports(Beijing)ExpositiononThursday.Theauthorityishopingthestudentscandoatleastonetypeofwintersportinthefuture.体育局领导表示,未来要让每个孩子掌握
2、至少一项冬季运动技能。今年以来,冰雪运动项目(iceandsnowsports)在北京受到了空前的关注和扶持。目前北京市已经有20处室内冰场(indooricerinks)和20片季节性的室外冰场(outdooricerinks),到2022年,全市将新建标准室内冰场16座,室外冰场50座。根据北京市冰雪产业的发展布局,雪场(skiresorts)将主要分布在郊区,城六区将主要新建冰场。学校的课程一般分为必修课(compulsorycourse)和选修课(optionalcourse)。北京市计划将冰雪运动列入必修课内容意味着未来全体北京中小学生必须修习一项冰雪运动并且掌握该技能。对于像冰球(
3、hockey)等修习成本较高的冰雪项目,政府将提供资金支持。滑冰英语词汇短跑道速度滑冰:Short Track Speed Skating 装备:手套 Gloves 头盔 Helmet 护颈 Neck Protection 连身服 Racing Suit 护腿板 Shin Protection 冰鞋 Boots 冰刀 Blades 花样滑冰:单人滑 SingleSkating 双人滑 Pair Skating 冰舞 Ice Dance 速度滑冰:Speed Skating冰上项目5个大项:速度滑冰 Speed skating【Speed skating】 is a competitive fo
4、rm of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates. Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating. In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just speed skati
5、ng, while short-track speed skating is known as short track. The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as speed skating and short track as short track skating.短道速滑 Short Track【Short track】 speed skating is only about 100 years old and a product of North America. Speed skat
6、ing, however, dates back to 13th century Holland.Short track speed skating originated in Canada and the United States in 1905 with the first known competition having taken place in 1909. By the 1920s and 30s, the sport was gaining popularity in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium and Australia.Whi
7、le short track speed skating became part of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1967, it wasnt until 1976 that official ISU competitions began.花样滑冰 Figure Skating【Figure skating】 is a sport and activity in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first wint
8、er sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are mens singles, ladies singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs
9、(short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves.冰球 Ice Hockey【Ice hockey】 is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoo
10、t a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponents net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goaltenders. Normally, each team has five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against t
11、he opposing team.冰壶 Curling【Curling】 is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric circles. It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams, each with four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones
12、, also called rocks, across the ice curling sheet towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eight stones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game; points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each end,
13、which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones. A game usually consists of eight or ten ends.雪上项目10个大项:冬季两项 Biathlon越野滑雪 Cross Country高山滑雪 Alphine Skiing北欧两项 Nordic Combined跳台滑雪 Ski Jumping自由式滑雪 Freestyle Skiing单板滑雪 Snowboarding有舵雪橇 Bobsled* 无舵雪橇 Luge* 有舵雪橇,也有的翻译成“雪车”俯式冰橇 Skeleto
14、n* * 俯式冰橇,也有的翻译成“钢架雪车”速降 downhill冬季奥运会体育项目中英文对照1 大项名称:冬季两项(Biathlon)*包括10个小项,10块金牌中,男子项目5块,女子项目5块1 男子20公里个人赛 Mens 20 km Individual2 男子10公里竞速赛* Mens 10 km Sprint3 男子12.5公里追逐赛 Mens 12.5 km Pursuit4 男子4x7.5公里接力 Mens 4x7.5 km Relay5 男子15公里集体出发赛 Mens 15 km Mass Start6 女子15公里个人赛 Womens 15 km Individual7 女
15、子7.5公里竞速赛* Womens 7.5 km Sprint8 女子10公里追逐赛 Womens 10 km Pursuit9 女子4x6公里接力 Womens 4x6 km Relay10 女子12.5公里集体出发赛 Womens 12.5 km Mass Start* 冬季两项中的两项,指越野滑雪和射击* 竞速赛,又译“短距离”2 大项名称:越野滑雪(Cross Country Skiing)共计包括12个小项,12块金牌中,男子项目6块,女子项目6块女子15公里(7.5+7.5)追逐赛 Ladies 15 km Pursuit (7.5+7.5)女子团体 Ladies Team Spr
16、int女子古典式10公里* Ladies 10 km Classical女子4*5公里接力 Ladies 4x5 km Relay女子竞速赛* Ladies Sprint女子30公里自由式集体出发 Ladies 30 km Free, Mass start男子30公里(15+15)追逐赛 Mens 30 km Pursuit (15+15)男子团体 Mens Team Sprint男子古典式15公里* Mens 15 km Classical男子4*10公里接力 Mens 4x10 km Relay男子竞速赛* Mens Sprint男子50公里自由式集体出发 Mens 50 km Free,
17、 Mass start*古典式,又译“传统技术”*竞速赛,又译“短距离”3 大项名称:冰壶Curling包括2个小项,2块金牌中,男子项目1块,女子项目1块。男子、女子项目表示性别的词语用的是Men和Women比赛第一阶段是循环赛,共计十二轮,叫做Round Robin,轮次用Session一次。如男子循环赛第10轮叫Mens Round Robin, Session 10。第二阶段是同分附加赛,叫 Tie-breaker,之后是半决赛 Semifinals,然后是铜牌战 Bronze Medal Game和金牌战Gold Medal Game4 大项名称:花样滑冰 Figure Skatin
18、g共计4个小项,4块金牌中,男子项目1块,女子项目1块,男女配对项目2块1 双人滑 Pairs Figure Skating 比赛分2个阶段:短节目 Short Program 和 自由滑 Free Skating2 男子单人滑 Men Figure Skating 比赛分2个阶段:短节目 Short Program 和 自由滑 Free Skating3 冰上舞蹈 Ice Dancing 比赛分3个阶段: 规定舞 Compulsory Dance、创编舞 Original Dance 和 自由舞 Free Dance4 女子单人滑 Ladies Figure Skating 比赛分2个阶段:
19、短节目 Short Program 和 自由滑 Free Skating另外,奥会会比赛结束后,另有一场花样滑冰表演Exhibition Gala5 大项名称:自由式滑雪 Freestyle Skiing共有4个小项,4块金牌中,男子项目2块,女子项目2块1 男子雪上技巧 Mens Moguls2 男子空中技巧 Mens Aerials3 女子雪上技巧 Ladies Moguls4 女子空中技巧 Ladies Aerials6 大项名称:冰球 Ice Hockey包括男子、女子两个小项,Mens Ice Hockey/Womens Ice Hockey比赛分预赛Prelim. Round,争位
20、赛 Placement Round,半决赛 Play-offs Semifinals,铜牌战Play-offs - Bronze Medal Game和金牌战Play-offs - Gold Medal Game男子比赛中另有四分之一决赛Play-offs Quarterfinals7 大项名称:无舵雪橇 Luge1 男子单人* Mens Singles Competition2 女子单人* Mens Singles Competition3 双人* Doubles Competition*男女的单人项目,比4次,轮次用Run表示,如男子单人无舵雪橇第3次,就是Mens Singles Run
21、 38 大项名称:北欧两项 Nordic Combined北欧两项的两项,指越野滑雪(Cross Country Skiing)和跳台滑雪(Ski Jumping)北欧两项共有3块金牌,都是男子项目,分别是:1 个人赛* Individual Gundersen,其中的两项具体为: 90米跳台滑雪NH Individual Gundersen和15公里越野滑雪Individual Gundersen 15km2 团体赛* Team,其中的两项具体为: 90米跳台滑雪LH Team和越野滑雪4*5公里接力Team 4x5 km3 个人竞速赛*Sprint,其中的两项具体为: 120米跳台滑雪LH
22、 Sprint和7.5公里越野滑雪Sprint 7.5 km* 个人赛,又译“个人K90和15km”或“NH 个人赛”* 团体赛,又译“团体K90和5km接力”或“LH 团体接力”* 个人竞速赛,又译“竞速K120和7.5km”或者“LH 个人短距离”* 本项目翻译不够统一,译名较多,在我国并未得到普及9 大项名称:短道速滑 Short Track Speed Skating共有8个小项,8块金牌中,男子项目 女子项目1 男子500米 Mens 500 m2 男子1000米 Mens 1000 m3 男子1500米 Mens 1500 m4 男子5000米接力 Mens 5000 m Rela
23、y5 女子500米 Ladies 500 m6 女子1000米 Ladies 1000 m7 女子1500米 Ladies 1500 m8 女子3000米接力 Ladies 3000 m Relay比赛分预赛Heat、四分之一决赛Quarterfinal、半决赛Semifinal和决赛Final *如,男子1500米预赛第四组,就是Mens 1500 m Heat 4* 并非所有小项都有预赛10 大项名称:俯式雪橇 Skeleton共有男子、女子2个小项,决出2块金牌Mens Skeleton/Womens Skeleton比赛有2轮,轮次用Heat表示。如男子比赛第一轮,叫Mens Heat
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