大学生创业存在的问题及对策研究.pdf

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1、1/19 摘要:近年来,大学生就业已成为非常突出的问题,大量大学生毕业即失业?在这种状况下,创业不失为一种较好解决就业的途径?而创业投资的介入,能助推大学生创业?大学生创业者一方面主动地争取创业投资的支持,另一方面,又热切希望创业投资市场环境能有效的改善,以支持他们创业?而大学生如何赢得创业投资的青睐以及创业投资在大学生创业中所起的作用值得业界探讨？党的十七大报告中提出“以创业带动就业”，为高校创业教育和创业型人才培养指明了方向，创业活动迅速展开。但调查表明，高校大学生的创业状况不容乐观，实际困难较多。转变传统就业观念和创新创业型人才培养模式尤显重要。长期以来,大学生毕业后往往只能被动地求职,

2、不能主动地创业,大学人才培养的目标也局限于研究型?应用型,忽视了对学生创业观念和创业能力的培养?不少大学毕业生在找不到满意的工作后,才去考虑创业的问题,以致形成了大学生“无业才创业”的错误认识?大学生创业不应该是在就业难面前的“无奈之举”?自主创业不仅是大学生自主就业的重要途径,更是大学生成材的重要模式?1998 年 10 月,在巴黎召开的世界高等教育会议明确提出:“高等学校,必须将创业技能和创业精神作为高等教育的基本目标,为了方便毕业生创业,高等教育应主要关心培养创业技能与主动精神?”要使高校毕业生“不仅成为求职者,而且成为工作岗位的创造2/19 者”?但是成功的创业需要资金?人才和管理技术

3、,需要储备很多知识和经验?大学生创业，不但可以自造饭碗，也为社会创造更多的就业机会，在当前就业形势严峻的情况下对繁荣社会主义市场经济，维护社会稳定也发挥着重要的作用。政府相关部门和高校为促进大学生就业作出了积极的努力。永州市作为一个经济发展相对落后的市区，一方面欠缺人才，一方面又有大量的大学毕业生面临就业困难问题。那么永州市区大学生对创业的态度如何？大学生创业最担心的问题是什么？大学生创业的路上还需要哪些支持。一、永州市区大学生创业状况调查1.1 永州市毕业生毕业后的方向和创业选择。2009 年全国高校毕业生人数达611 万，永州有近两万，就业压力进一步增加。调查数据显示，大多数毕业生51%）

4、和企业 62%）认同当前就业难度较大这一状况。虽然大学生都很清楚现在的就业形势，但在毕业后的方向选择上，工作，考研和出国分列在第一、第二和第三的位置，创业作为毕业后的选择的比例不到1%。问及被调查者“父母对自己毕业后的期望？”，对“找个好工作、考研、出国、创业、继承家族企业”几个选项调查结果显示：选择“找个好工作”所占比重最大，达到51.9%，被排在首文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编

5、码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S

6、8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编

7、码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S

8、8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编

9、码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S

10、8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B33/1

11、9 位；其次是“考研”和“出国”，而“创业”被排在第四位，被调查者个人对毕业方向选择结果与家长对毕业后的方向选择相吻合，都未将“创业”排在首位。在工作单位的倾向上，永州大学生就业更倾向于国企、公务员等。绝大部分的学生所追求的仍然是工作的稳定性。清华大学中国创业研究中心曾公布的 全球创业观察2005 中国 报告显示，美国高校毕业生自主创业的比例高达23%25%，在中国，高校毕业生创业的比例在1%左右，在永州是0.1%。从这一点上看，几年过去了大学生创业的比例仍然很低，也说明我市大学生创业的道路还很漫长。调查中，当问及“关于就业与创业，你认为自己目前处于什么状态”时，回答“还在准备，但没有方向目标

12、”的为 32.6%；回答“完全没有准备，也没有明确的方向目标”的为 15.5%，回答“已经准备就绪，有明确方向目标”的为 16%。不约而同的是，大一至大四年级中有51%的学生认为目前大学生就业形势十分严峻，很难找到合适的工作。62%的学生把原因归结为工作经验不足所导致。1.2 永州大学生创业面临的困难。调查表明，大学生创业成功率在全世界为20，在中国成功率仅为10，甚至有学者指出不到 1%。在创业环境日益改善的情况下，大学生创业仍然面临诸多困难。调查中我们发现，启动资金的来源、实际操作的经验或者是行业的选择，以及政策的可操作性都是让他们苦恼文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

13、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX

14、4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

15、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX

16、4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

17、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX

18、4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

19、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B34/19 不已的问题。困难一：启动资金。接受采访的几名大学生中，他们的起步资金多数由家中提供，对那些家底不厚的人来说，这种方式显然行不通。没有资金，再好的创意也难以转化为现实的生产力。调查发现，绝大部分有创业冲动的大学生认为“资金是他们创业的最大困难”，问及创业资金的来源，50%的学生表示会“向银行贷款”，28%的学生“向父母借”，22%的学生想“利用创业基金”。困难二：行业选择。问及选择在哪个领域创业，调查结

20、果显示，当前大学生创业的领域主要集中在服务业，特别是商贸、流通、物流 解放思想,倡导创业精神在挑战与机遇并存的时代,要大力加强对创业人物及其创业事迹的宣传,发挥媒体的作用,在全社会进一步更新思想观念,营造创业氛围,倡导创业精神。激励大学生在创业中就业,在就业中文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2

21、G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 Z

22、Y1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2

23、G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 Z

24、Y1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2

25、G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 Z

26、Y1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B315/19 创业。一个人要想有创新的灵感和效果,必须有创新的勇气和智慧。要想有创新的勇气和智慧,必须

27、有较崇高的目的和强烈的使命感。我们当代大学生必须要解决一个你应该为谁读书、为谁创业的问题,才能找到奋斗的目标。(二提高大学生的自身素质创业是一个复杂而又艰巨的过程,它对创业者的综合素质要求很高,尤其是要求创业者具有合理的知识结构。具备一定的管理知识、商务、税务、投资、法律知识、创业知识和专业知识等。另外,还必须培养一些独特的创业素质,包括自立、自强、进取、意志、创新等。再者,还需有合理的能力结构,包括实践能力、开拓创新、组织领导、协调协作和沟通能力、创业能力、创造能力和社会交往等能力。(三加强自主创业教育高校有必要在创业课程设置与创业指导等方面做出进一步的努力,以努力提升大学生创业能力与创业水

28、平。大学生创业本身就是素质教育的一个方面的体现,不仅突出了素质教育的内涵,而且体现了创新的教育模式对大学生实际能力的培养和提升。从而高校在传授基础知识的同时,还要注重对学生创新意识和技能的培养。开设与创业相关的讲座会教案。比如如何把握商机,如何融资,如何写创业计划,如何承受压力等等。高校通过过程辅导和政府、社会扶持等一条龙服务,解决创业过程中的相关难题,提高自主创业的成功率。文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY

29、1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G

30、7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY

31、1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G

32、7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY

33、1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G

34、7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY

35、1X2E9J6B316/19(四 构建创业平台,改善创 业环境引导大学生参与创业实践,既需要有活动载体,也要构建大学生创业的服务体系。此外,还要构建创业服务体系,一是提供政策支持。要配合有关方面做好国家扶持大学生创业的系列配套政策措施的落实工作,并紧密结合实际,联合有关部门研究出台和落实新的促进大学生创业的政策法规。二是提供工程支持。要为大学生创业推荐可供选择的工程,尊重学生的选择,以学生自主选择的工程为主,加强创业指导,组织力量为大学生创业实践提供必要的智力支持。三是争取资金支持。要广泛动员社会力量,引入风险投资,同时要募集社会资本,本着双赢的方针,探索建立大学生创业基金,为大学生创业提供支

36、持。(五选择正确的创业方向目前大学生的创业方向,有人提出在如下四个方面可供选择:1、高科技领域。身处高新科技前沿阵地的大学生,在这一领域创业有着近水楼台先得月的优势,但并非所有的大学生都适合在高科技领域创业,一般来说,技术功底深厚、学科成绩优秀的大学生才有成功的把握。推荐商机:软件开发、网页制作、网络服务、手机游戏开发等。2、智力服务领域。智力是大学生创业的资本,在智力服务领域创业,大学生游刃有余。例如,家教领域就非常适合大学生创业,一方面,这是大学生勤工俭学的传统渠道,积累了丰富的经验。另一方面,大学生能够充分利用高校教育资源,更容易赚到文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

37、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX

38、4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

39、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX

40、4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

41、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX

42、4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A

43、7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B317/19“第一桶金”。推荐商机:家教、家教中介、设计工作室、翻译事务所等。3、连锁加盟领域。统计数据显示,在相同的经营领域,个人创业的成功率低于20%,而加盟创业的则高达80%。对创业资源十分有限的大学生来说,最好选择运营时间在5 年以上、拥有10家以上加盟店的成熟品牌。推荐商机:快餐业、家政服务、校园小型超市、数码速印站等。4、开店。大学生开店,一方面可充分利用高校的学生顾客资源。另一方面,由于熟悉同龄人的

44、消费习惯,因此入门较为容易。正由于走“学生路线”,因此要靠价廉物美来吸引顾客。此外,由于大学生资金有限,不可能选择热闹地段的店面,因此推广工作尤为重要,需要经常在校园里张贴广告或和社团联办活动,才能广为人知。三、创业投资助推大学生创业大学生创业者一方面主动地争取创业投资的支持?另一方面,又热切希望创业投资市场环境能有效的改善,以支持他们创业?在实施创业投资的整个过程中,创业投资家通过对所投资企业运作过程的积极参与,为其未来的成功注入了增值活力?当资金的文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1

45、X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7

46、E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1

47、X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7

48、E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1

49、X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7

50、E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1X2E9J6B3文档编码:CX4T2G7E7H1 HA4H3S8Y6A7 ZY1