《国际货运代理实务 》课件PPT：11定期租船合同.ppt

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1、国际货运代理实务 课件PPT：11定期租船合同 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望11.1、合同当事人l合同当事人需作出规定，并应订明合同双方的名称，主营业地或居所。11.2、船舶描述l11.2.1、描述的主要内容lDescription of VesselName xxxxxxxx Flag xxxxxxxx Built xxxxxxxx(year).Port and number of Registry xxxxxxxx Classed xxxxx

2、x in xxxxxx lDeadweight xxxxxx long/metric tons(cargo and bunkers,including freshwater and stores not exceeding xxxxxx long/metric tons)on a salt water draft of xxxxx on summer freeboard.Capacity xxxxx cubic feet grain xxxxx cubic feet bale space.Tonnage xxxxx GT/GRT.lSpeed about xxxxx knots,fully l

3、aden,in good weather conditions up to and including maximum Force xxxxx on the Beaufort wind scale,on a consumption of about xxxx long/metric tons of xxxxxDelete as appropriate.For further description see Appendix A(if applicable11.2.1、描述的主要内容l苏伊士运河吨位、及巴拿马运河吨位、主机的燃油消耗量（特别是降低转速后的实际消耗量）、减载后的实际载重量、在航时和

4、在港作业时发电机的柴油实际消耗量、燃油舱的容积、压载水舱容积、舱口个数、舱盖类型、各舱的尺寸、淡水造水机造水量、吊货杨的类型及安全负荷、各层甲板的实际安全负荷、船舱的结构等。11.2.2、船舶描述：船速和油耗l1）关于船速和油耗描述条款的法律地位l保证条款l2）船速计算与索赔lA计算原则l船速：船舶相对于水的速度l航速：船舶相对于海底或岸上固定物的速度。l航速等于船速与洋流速度、风速的向量之各。l船舶满载状态(Full laden)和空载状态(ballast)对船速是有影响的。2）船速计算与索赔l风速和海浪是影响航速的重要因素。l风力不超过蒲氏(Beaufort)4级(最大风速16海里/小时）

5、,海浪不超过道格拉斯(Douglas)3级(浪高35英尺）。l确定良好天气还应考虑船舶吨位的大小。l当合同中对船速规定有“约”数时，通常应理解允许减慢半节(0.5knot),或减慢5%。11.2.2、船舶描述：船速和油耗lB、计算方法la.计算出合同规定的良好天气下的实际平均船速lb.计算公式：时间损失=（合同船速-实际平均船速）总航行时间（小时）/合同船速lc.对计算结果进行修正11.2.2、船舶描述：船速和油耗l例1：某船共航行7281海里，用了607.83小时。经查航海日志计算，合同规定的良好天气下的实际平均船速为13.14节，合同规定船速为14.5节0.5节.l首先将合同船速修正为最低

6、允许值,即14节,l时间损失=(14-13.14)607.83/14=37.3l假设日租金为5000美元/天,则船速索赔额为:37.3245000=7770.8美元.11.2.2、船舶描述：船速和油耗l3）燃油索赔lA燃油索赔的含义l一是出租人误述船舶燃油消耗量和燃油等级，导致船舶实际燃油消耗超过合同描述的消耗量，承租人就超过合同规定消耗的燃油向出租人进行索赔。l二是承租人使用了劣质燃油造成船舶机器损坏，出租人就该项损坏向承租人进行索赔。9.Bunkersl(b)The charterers shall supply bunkers of a quality suitable for burn

7、ing in the vessels engines and auxiliaries and which conform to the specification(s)as set out in Appendix A.The owners reserve their right to make a claim against the Charterers for any damage to the main engines or the auxiliaries caused by the use of unsuitable fuels or fuels not complying with t

8、he agreed specification(s).additionally,if bunker fuels supplied do not conform with the mutually agreed specification(s)or otherwise prove unsuitable for burning in the Vessels engines or auxiliaries,the Owners shall not be held responsible for any reduction in the Vessels speed performance and/or

9、increased bunker consumption,nor for any time lost and any other consequences.11.2.2、船舶描述：船速和油耗l3）燃油索赔lB导致燃油消耗增加的原因l对燃油消耗量及燃油等级的误述l来自低劣的油质l不正常的航行速度lC燃油索赔的计算方法：l燃油索赔额=（航次实际燃油总消耗量-航次燃油应消耗总量）燃油单价11.3、租期与转租l11.3.1租期l（1）租期的规定方法l租期为个月。l租期大约个月。l租期为个月，或多或少天，由承租人选择。6 months,10 days mort or less at the charte

10、rers option.l租期不超过个月，不低于月。Not more than 18 months,not less than 12 months.l租期为月到月的必要时间以便完成航次。The period nece ssary to perform the voyage such as to months1Duration lThe Owners agree to let and the Charterers agree to hire the Vessel from the time of delivery for a period of xxxxxxxx within below-men

11、tioned trading limits.11.3、租期与转租l11.3.2 转租(sublet)l“承租人可以将租用的船舶转租，但是应当将转租的情况及时通知出租人。租用的船舶转租后，原租船合同约定的权利和义务不受影响”（我国海商法，第137条）18 Sublet lUnless otherwise agreed,the Charterers shall have the liberty sublet the Vessel for all or any part of the time covered by this charter Party,but the Charterers rema

12、in responsible for the fulfillment of this Charter Party.11.4、交船地点l11.4.1交船范围的规定方法l（1）用两个港口或地区间的方法，“在新加坡至日本港口交船”l（2）用大的地理概念，“在中国港口交船”11.4、交船地点l11.4.2具体交船地点的规定方法l（1）on arrival pilot station,（APS）(on arrival at the first pilot station)l（2）on taking inward pilot（TIP）l（3）on berthedl（4）on drop off pilot

13、a named port,（DOP）：是指出租人在完成当时航次后，安排引航员引领船舶驶出卸货港，并在引航员下船时将船交给承租人。l2.Delivery The vessel shall be placed at the disposal of the Charterers at xxxxxx11.5、合法货物l11.5.1合法货物的含义：装货港国家、卸货港国家、船旗国及对租约有法律管辖权国家允许装运进出口的货物。l11.5.2装运非法货物的法律后果l 条件条款l11.5.3关于装运危险货物l11.5.4关于除外货物(cargo exclusion)l除外货物：合同中明确的文字规定的禁止承租人使

14、用该船运输的货物。4.Dangerous Cargo/Cargo Exclusionsl(a)the vessel shall be employed in carry lawful merchandise excluding any goods of a dangerous,injurious,flammable or corrosive nature unless carried in accordance with the requirements or recommendations of the competent authorities of the country of the

15、Vessels registry and of ports of shipment and discharge and of any intermediate countries or ports through whose waters the Vessel must pass.Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing,in addition the following are specifically excluded:livestock of any description,arms,ammunition,explosive

16、s,nuclear and radioactive materials,xxxxxxxx 4.Dangerous Cargo/Cargo Exclusionsl(b)in IMO-classified cargo is agreed to be carried,the amount of such cargo shall be limited to xxxxxx tons and the Charterers shall provide the Master with any evidence he may reasonably stowed in accordance with IMO re

17、gulations,failing which the Master is entitled to refuse such cargo or,if already loaded,to unload it at the charterers risk and expense.11.6、航行区域与安全港口l11.6.1航行区域l（1）规定航行区域的必要性l1）船舶保险人的限制l2）船舶技术状况限制l3）政治因素l4）战区l5）国际海运劳工联盟地区5.Trading LimitslThe vessel shall be employed in such lawful trades between s

18、afe ports and safe places within xxxxxxxx excluding xxxxxxxx as the charterers shall direct.11.7、出租人维持船舶义务l11.7.1出租人应付费用l6.Owners to Provide The Owners shall provide any pay for the insurance of the Vessel,except as otherwise provided,and for all provisions,cabin,deck,engine-room and other necessary

19、 stores,including boiler water;shall pay for wages,consular shipping and discharging fees of the crew and charges for port services pertaining to the crew;11.7.2出租人维修船舶义务l6.Owners to Provide shall maintain the vessels class and keep her in a thoroughly efficient state in hull,machinery and equipment

20、 for and during the service,and have a full complement of officers and crew.11.7.2出租人维修船舶义务l（1）维持船级l（2）货舱维持l（3）装卸设备36.Cleaning of HoldslThe Charterers shall provide and pay extra for sweeping and/or washing and/or cleaning of holds between voyages and/or between cargoes provided such work can be und

21、ertaken by the crew and is permitted by local regulations,at the rate of per hold.In connection with any such operation,the Owners shall not be responsible if the Vessels holds are not accepted or passed by the port or any other authority.The Charterers shall have the option to re-deliver the Vessel

22、 with unclean/unswept holds against a lumpsum payment of in lieu of cleaning.28.Cargo Gear and LightslThe Owners shall maintain the cargo handling gear of the Vessel which is as follows:providing gear(for all derricks or cranes)capable of lifting capacity as described.The Owners shall also provide o

23、n the Vessel for night work lights as on board,but all additional lights over those on board shall be at the Charterers expense.11.7.2出租人维修船舶义务l（4）入坞清理或修理19.DrydockinglThe Vessel was last drydocked.(a)The Owners shall have the option to place the Vessel in drydock during the currency of this Charter

24、 at a convenient time and place,to be mutually agreed upon between the Owners and the Charterers,for bottom cleaning and painting and/or repair as required by class or dictated by circumstances.*(b)Except in case of emergency no drydocking shall take place during the currency of this Charter Party.*

25、Delete as appropriate.l（5）船上生活用燃油11.7.2出租人维修船舶义务l（6）提供适任的干部船员义务lThe master shall be conversant with eth English language and(although appointed by the Owners)shall be under the orders and directions of the Charterers as regards employment and agency;l(b)If the Charterers shall have reasonable cause

26、to be dissatisfied with the conduct of the Master or officers,the Owners shall,on receiving particulars of the complaint,investigate the same,and,if necessary,make a change in the appointments.11.7.2出租人维修船舶义务l（7）偿付垫付的费用及利息l(d)Cash AdvancesCash for the Vessels ordinary disbursements at any port may b

27、e advanced by the Charterers,as required by the Owners,subject to 2.5 percent commission and such advances shall be deducted from the hire.The Charterers,however,shall in no way be responsible for the application of such advances.11.7.2出租人维修船舶义务l（8）船舶全损时退回租金义务l20.Total LossShould the Vessel be lost,

28、money paid in advance and not earned(reckoning from the date of loss or being last heard of)shall be returned to the Charterers at once.l11.8、营运费用7.charterers to providelthe charterers,while the vessel in on hire,shall provide and pay for all the bunkers except as otherwise agreed;shall pay for port

29、 charges(including compulsory watchmen and cargo watch men and compulsory garbage disposal),all communication expenses pertaining to the Charterers business at cost,pilotages,towages,agencies,commissions,consular charges(except those pertaining to individual crew members or flag of the Vessel),and a

30、ll other usual expenses except those stated in Clause 6,7.charterers to providelbut when the Vessel puts into a port for causes for which the Vessel is responsible(other than by stress of weather),then all such charges incurred shall be paid by the Owners.Fumigations ordered because of illness of th

31、e crew shall be for the Owners account.Fumigations ordered because of cargoes carried or ports visited while the vessel is employed under this Charter Party shall be for the Charterers account.All other fumigations shall be for the Charterers account after the vessel had been on charter for a contin

32、ous period of six months or more.7.charterers to providelThe charterers shall provide and pay for necessary dunnage and also any extra fittings requisite for a special trade or unusual cargo,but the Owners shall allow them the use of any dunnage already aboard the Vessel.Prior to redelivery the Char

33、terers shall remove their dunnage and fittings at their cost and in their time.11.9、交还船的存油规定l（1）交还燃油的数量l一般地，出租人交船时船上存油应能保证船舶抵达第一加油港口。l（2）存油价格l当前市场价格（at current market prices）。l订死价格。l最近主要加油港价格。l最近一次出租人加油发票价格。l（3）存油款的支付l交船：一般地，在交船前，出租人会将预计交船时的存油量预先通知承租人，然后根据合同规定，在交船前的规定日期，将油款连同首期租金支付给出租人。l还船：允许承租人在最后支

34、付的租金中扣除预计的存油款。l（4）承租人对船上存油的财产权l（5）交还船存油量不足的索赔9.Bunkersl(a)the Charterers on delivery,and the Owners on redelivery,shall take over and pay for all fuel and diesel oil remaining on board the Vessel as hereunder.The vessel shall be delivered with:xxxxxx long/metric tons of fuel oil at the price of xxx

35、per ton;xxxx tons of diesel oil at the price of xxx per ton.The vessel shall be redelivered with:xxxx tons of fuel oil at the price of xxxxxx per ton;xxxx tons of diesel oil at the price of xxxx per ton.Same tons apply throughout this clause.11.10、租金及其支付l11.10.1租金的计算及支付方法l（1）租金计算方法l（2）使用的货币l（3）支付方法1

36、0.Rate of Hire/Redelivery Areas and NoticeslThe charterers shall pay for the use and hire of the said Vessel at the rate of$xxxx U.S.currency,daily,or$xxxxx U.S.currency per ton on the Vessels total deadweight carrying capacity,including bunkers and stores,on xxxxx summer freeboard,per 30 days,comme

37、ncing on and from the day of her delivery,as aforesaid,and at and after the same rate for any part of a month;hire shall continue until the hour of the day of her redelivery 11.Hire Paymentl(a)PaymentPayment of Hire shall be made so as to be received by the Owners or their designated payee in xxx,vi

38、a xxxxxx in xxxxx currency,or in United States Currency,in funds available to the Owners on the due date,15 days in advance,and for the last month or part of same the approximate amount of hire,and should same not cover the actual time,hire shall be paid for the balance day by day as it becomes due,

39、if so required by the Owners.l(c)Last Hire PaymentShould the Vessel be on her voyage towards port of redelivery at the time the last and/or the penultimate payment of hire is/are due,said payment(s)is/are to be made for such length of time as the Owners and the Charterers may agree upon as being the

40、 estimated time necessary to complete the voyage,and taking into account bunkers actually on board,to be taken over by the Owners and estimated disbursements for the Owners account before redelivery.Should same not cover the actual time,hire is to be paid for the balance,day by day,as it becomes due

41、.When the Vessel has been redelivered,any difference is to be refunded by the Owners or paid by the Charterers,as the case may be 11.10、租金及其支付l11.10.2支付租金义务与撤船权利lFailing the punctual and regular payment of the hire,or on any fundamental breach whatsoever of this Charter Party,the Owners shall be at

42、liberty to withdraw the Vessel from the service of the charterers without prejudice to any claims they(the Owners)may otherwise have on the Charterers.11.10.2支付租金义务与撤船权利l（1）及时付到l（2）全额支付l（3）全额支付租金的例外l预先的停租(previous off-hire)l预垫款(advances)l船速及燃油索赔l船上生活用燃油l（4）如果应付租金的日期恰好处于停租期间，承租人应如何支付租金：l承租人在船舶恢复营运之时立

43、即重新支付租金。l承租人仍然按照规定每月预付租金，但扣除前一月中已预付的停租租金。deduction from hire permitted by terms of charterlIf upon the voyage the speed be reduced by defect in,or breakdown of,any part of her hull,machinery or equipment,the time so lost,and the cost of any extra bunkers consumed in consequence thereof,and all extra

44、 proven expenses may be deducted from the hire.11.10.2支付租金义务与撤船权利l（5）反技术性条款：承租人为防止出租人因未及时收到足额租金而撤船，在合同中规定出租人在发出撤船通知后若干时间内承租人仍未支付租金才能撤船的条款。b).Grace PeriodlWhere there is failure to-make punctual and regular payment of hire due to oversight,negligence,errors or omissions on the part of the Charterers

45、of their bankers,the Charterers shall be given by the Owners clear banking days(as recognized at the agreed place of payment)written notice to rectify the failure,and when so rectified within those days following the Owners notice,the payment shall stand as regular and punctual.Failure by the Charte

46、rers to pay the hire within days of their receiving the Owners notice as provided herein,shall entitle the Owners to withdraw as set forth in Sub-clause 11(a)above 11.10.2支付租金义务与撤船权利l（6）出租人撤船权利的放弃l接受承租人的迟付l过迟的撤船等于放弃权利l出租人默许承租人继续使用船舶等于放弃撤船权利11.11、还船l hire shall continue until the hour of the day of h

47、er redelivery in like good order and condition,ordinary wear and tear excepted,to the Owners(unless Vessel lost)at xxxxx unless otherwise mutually agreed.The charterers shall give the Owners not less than xxxxxx days notice of the Vessels expected date and probable port of redelivery.11.11、还船l（1）还船日

48、期lredelivery after the expiration of hire/over-laplA 合法的最后航次（legitimate last voyage）l如果承租人在指定最后一个航次时，能够合理地预计到船舶可在租期届满之前完成的航次，是合法的最后航次。lB 非法的最后航次（illegitimate last voyage）l承租人指定最后一个航次时，不是经过合理估算，而是故意明知履行该航次会导致延迟还船，而仍然履行该航次的，则为非法的最后航次。11.11、还船learly redeliveryl当实际还船日期早于合同规定的应还船日期，会构成提前还船。l1）出租人强行撤船：200

49、2年中，Panamax型船舶的日租金在5000美元左右，到2003年中已经上涨到10000美元左右，2003年底更飙升至30000多美元。Capesize型船舶的日租金2002年为7000美元左右，到2003年底已飙升至60000美元左右。l2）租期中船舶所有权变更11.11、还船l（2）还船船况（state of ship on redelivery)l正常磨损的界定l第一，“磨损”是在装卸货物过程中正确使用船舶而必然产生的。l第二，“磨损”不是承租人或其雇佣人疏忽造成的。l第三，“磨损”应不影响船舶保持船级。l第四，对磨损程度的掌握应考虑合同允许运送货物的种类。11.11、还船l（3）还船

50、地点l还船地点的规定方法l承租人在规定地点的还船义务11.11、还船l（4）还船通知l还船通知的规定方法l一般情况下规定，在预计还船日之前的21天发出通知（也有的规定提前15天），然后在第15天、10天、7天、5天、2天、1天依次修订第一次通知。为准确起见，有的出租人另外追加规定，从第5天起或第3天之后的通知必须是肯定的和准确的。l违反还船通知的后果11.12、租金的起算及解约条款l11.12.1租金的起算l在交船时开始起算l“the charterers shall pay for the use and hire of the said vessel,commencing on and f