小学英语考点汇总.doc

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1、.小学英语知识点汇总一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以 s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-wo

2、men, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress_tooth_ sheep_box_strawberry_peach_sandwich_dish_bus_man_ wo

3、man_ 二、一般现在时1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。2.一般现在时中，没有 be 动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上 s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。3.在一般现在时中，句中有 be 动词或情态动词时，否定句在 be 动词和情态动词后加 not，一般疑问句将 be 动词或情态动词放在句首。4.在一般现在时中，句中没有 be 动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加 does+not (doesnt)，一般疑问句在句首加 does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非.第三人称单数，否定句用 do

4、+not (dont)，一般疑问句在句首加 do，句子中动词用原形。动词+s 的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get

5、 up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语行为动词( 其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加“-s“或“-es“。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No. 2】一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化。否定句：主语 be not 其它。如：He is

6、 not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be 主语其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 非凡疑问句：疑问词一般疑问句。如：.Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 dont( doesnt ) 动词原形( 其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes,

7、I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 dont( doesnt ) 动词原形( 其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I d

8、o. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 动词 s 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。.

9、1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English

10、 on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go

11、) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday三、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing. 3.现在进行时

12、的否定句在 be 后加 not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 be +主语+ 动词 ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 be +动词 ing? 动词加 ing 的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cooking .以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的音字母，再加 ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 写出下列动词的现在分词：play_run_swi

13、m _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5

14、. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、

15、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to do；will do.三、否定句：在 be 动词（am, is, are）l 后加 not 或情态动词will 后加 not 成 wont。例如：.Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同义句：be going to = will 1.

16、be going to 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。 2. 肯定句：be going to +动词原形，如：Jim is going to play football. 否定句：be not going to +动词原形，如：Jim is not going to play football.一般疑问句：把 be 动词调到句首，如：Is Jim going to play football? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如：What is Jim going to do? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+be+going to+动词原形? 如：Who

17、is going to play football? 4 I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.= I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English. We _ learn English. 五、一般过去1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也

18、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2.Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。(was not=wasnt)are 在一般过去时中变为 were。(were not=werent)带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, .are一样，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not，一般疑问句把 was或 were 调到句首。3.句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt + 动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加 did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Di

19、d Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如：What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式?如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是 e 加 d，如：taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y 为 i，再加-ed，如：study-stu

20、died 5.不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习写出下列动词的

21、过去式isam_plant_are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ .eat_ put _ kick_ pass_ do _ Be 动词的过去时练习（1）用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last yea

22、r. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 行为动词的过去时练习（2）1. I _ (watch) a cartoon

23、on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yester

24、day。 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. （二）小升初英语词类：动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法： 先用“一(量词)”(如：一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。( 目前我们学过的，以后可能.不同)(另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道) 1、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为

25、动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be 动词、情态动词。(1)行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live 等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、+s/es 、+ed、 +ing，具体判断方法如下：有，就加ing 读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看有无 be 动词(若是 be going to 就用原形) 没有，再看情态动词有，就用原形有，就加 ed没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语 是第三人称单数就加 s 或 es没有，再看主语不是第三人称单数就用原形(2)be 动词a、 Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀：我用 am, 你用 ar

26、e, is 用在他她它，所有复数全用are。b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No,it isnt.我们现在

27、学过的 be 动词大致分两类：is、am 、are 为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中，was和 were 为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。判断步骤：第一、三人称单数，就用 was有，再看人称.第二人称单数和所有复数，就用 were 看有无表示过去的时间状语第一人称单数，就用 am 没有，再看人称第三人称单数，就有 is 第二人称单数和所有复数，就用 are 。用 am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat.

28、4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? (3)情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、must、should

29、、would、may。接触最多的是 can。情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响) 2、名词表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是 be 动词， be 动词如果是 am、is 或 was，名词就用原形;be 动词如果是 are 或 were，名词就加 s 或 es。这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is 或者 was;最好不要根据 some、any、a lot of 等词去作判断，以免受误导。如何加后缀：a.一般情况下，直接加-s ，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c.以 “辅音字母 +y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如：