大学英语精读第一册英汉对照课文.docx

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1、Book 1 Unit 1Want to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying Sounds too good to be true Well, read on.How to Improve Your Study HabitsPerhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never b

2、e a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how: 1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of

3、 your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldnt occupy all of the free time on the schedule. Its i

4、mportant to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and

5、 play. 2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. 3. Skim before you re

6、ad. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming h

7、elps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well. 第 一 册第一单元想知道怎样提高你成绩而又不必花太多时间去学习吗？听上去是不是好得令人难以置信呢？那就读读看吧怎样改良你学习习惯你也许是个智力一般普通学生。你在学校学习成绩还不错，可你也许会觉得自己永远也成不了尖子。然而实际情况未必如此。你要是想取得更好分数，也还是能做到。是，即使中等智力水平学生，在不增加学习负担情况下，也能成为优等生。其诀窍如下： 1. 仔细安排你时间。把你每周要完成任务一一列出来，然后制订一张时间表或时间分配图。先把用于吃饭、睡觉

8、、开会、听课等这样一些非花不可时间填上，然后再选定适宜固定时间用于学习。一定要留出足够时间来完成正常阅读和课外作业。当然，学习不应把作息表上空余时间全都占去。还得留出时间给休息、业余爱好和娱乐活动，这一点很重要。这一周作息表也许解决不了你所有问题，但是它会使你比拟清楚地了解你是如何使用时间。此外，它还能让你安排好各种活动，既有足够时间工作，也有足够时间娱乐2. 找个适宜地方学习。选定某个地方作为你“学习区。学习区可以是家里或学校图书馆里一张书桌或一把椅子，但它应该是舒适，而且不该有干扰。在你开场学习时，你应能够全神贯注于你功课。3. 阅读之前先略读。这就是说，在你仔细阅读一篇文章之前，先把它从

9、头到尾快速浏览一遍。在预习材料时，你就对它内容及其构造有了大致了解。随后在你正式开场阅读时,你就能识别出不太重要材料，并且可以略去某些章节不读。略读不仅使你阅读速度提高一倍，还有助于提高你理解力。4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says. 5.

10、Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will hel

11、p you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on test. 6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have lea

12、rned about a subject. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your knowledge permanent.There are other techniques that might help you with

13、 your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades. N

14、EW WORDS averagen.ordinary 普通；中等intelligencen.ability to learn and understand 智力necessarily ad. inevitably 必定case n.what has really happened; actual condition 实情 additional a.added 加，额外 n.additionweekly a. done or happening every week 每周；一周一次 schedule n. timetable 时间表 4. 充分利用课堂上时间。上课时注意听讲意味着课后少费力气。要

15、坐在能看得见、听得清地方。要作笔记来帮助自己记往教师讲课内容。5. 学习要有规律。课后要及早复习笔记。重温课堂上提到要点，复习你仍然弄不懂地方。阅读教科书上讲到这些内容有关章节。如果你知道第二天教师要讲述内容，那就把这局部材料浏览一下。这有助于你听懂下一堂课。如果你定期复习笔记和课本，你就能更深刻地领会这些材料内容，也会记得更长久。定期复习是提高考试成绩有效途径。6. 树立正确考试态度。考试目在于显示你掌握某一科目程度。一次考试不及格，天是不会塌下来。因此，不必为个别一次考试而过分担忧。不错，考试是要评定分数，但考试也让你知道自己在哪些方面还需要进一步下功夫钻研，另外，考试还有助于你进一步稳固

16、所学到新知识。 还有另外一些能帮助你提高学习效果方法。这里只提到寥寥几种。你尝试过这几种方法之后，或许还会发现许多别方法。跟同学们一起聊聊他们学习方法。让他们分享你所发现某些行之有效学习方法。改良学习习惯一定会提高你学习成绩。 chart n. (sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture 图表commit vt. 指定.用于aside ad. to the side在旁边；到向一边 etc(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other th

17、ings等等 normal a. usual正常，正规，标准 reading n. the act or practice of reading阅读 assignment n. sth. given out as a task(布置)作业occupy n. take up占用relaxation n. (sth. done for) rest and amusement休息，娱乐relax v.放松，休息，休养hobby n.what one likes to do in ones free time业余爱好entertainment n. show, party, etc. that peo

18、ple enjoy娱乐entertain vt. 娱乐，招待，款待solve vt. find an answer to (a problem)解决问题aware a. having knowledge or understanding知道；意识到 furthermore ad. moreover; in addition而且；此外enable vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)使某人能做某事activity n. sth. (to be) done 活动adequate a. as much as one needs; enough充分；足够distractio

19、n n. sth. that draws away the mind or attention分心或分散注意力事物concentrate (on or upon) vi. pay close attention (to)全神贯注于skim vt. read quickly to get the main ideas (of)略读preview vt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand预习content n. what is written in a book, etc.内容organize vt. form into a whole组织later

20、 ad. 后来；以后skip vt. pass over略过portion n. part; share一局部；一份double v. make or become twice as great or as many使增加一倍comprehension n. the act of understanding or ability to understand理解力mention vt. speak or write about (sth.) in a few words提及confused a. mixed up in ones mind迷惑，混淆confuse vt. 搞乱，使糊涂textbo

21、ok n. a standard book for the study of a subject教科书；课本 performance n. achievement成绩meaningful a. having important meaning or value富有意义attitude n. what one thinks about sth.态度，看法purpose n. aim目，意图excessively ad. too much过多地，过分地excessive a. 过多，过分permanent a. lasting for a long time; never changing持久；永

22、久technique n. way of doing sth.技巧，方法helpful a. useful; providing help or wiling to help有益；给予帮助，肯帮助PHRASES & EXPRSSIONSfill in write in填写，填充decide onmake a choice or decision about选定，决定 set aside save for a special purpose留出as well also; too; in addition也，还；同样be aware (of) know (sth.); know (what is

23、happening)知道，意识到 concentrate on direct ones attention, efforts, etc. to全神贯注于look over examine (quickly)把.看一遍，过目go over review 复习lead to result in 导致 Unit 2At sixty-five Francis Chichester set out to sail single-handed round the world. This is the story of that adventure.Sailing Round the WorldBefore

24、 he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to fly round the world but failed. That was in 1931. The years passed. He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he wo

25、n the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August, 1963, at the age of nearly sixty-fi

26、ve, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his life. Soon, he was away in this new 16-metre boat, Gipsy Moth. Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chicheater did it all by himself, even after the m

27、ain steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester covered 14, 100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed alone. He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the

28、Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not walk without help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen. After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of h

29、is friends attempts to dissuade him. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn. 第二单元65岁弗朗西斯.奇切斯特打算单独进展一次环球航行，这就是那次冒险故事。环 球 航 行弗朗西斯奇切斯特在单独驾船作环球航行之前，已有好几次让他朋友们感到吃惊了, 他曾试图作环球飞行，但没有成功。那是在1931年。好多年过去了。他放弃了飞行，开场航海。他领略到航海巨大乐趣。奇切

30、斯特在首届横渡大西洋单人航海比赛中夺魁时，已经五十八岁。他周游世界宿愿重又被唤起，不过这一次他是要驾船环游。由于他患有肺癌，朋友们和医生们都认为他不能去，但奇切斯特决意实施自己方案。1966年8月，在他快满六十五岁时许多人在这个年龄己经退休他开场了一生中最了不起一次航海。不久，他就驾着那艘16米长新船吉普赛莫思号启程出海了。 奇切斯特沿着十九世纪三桅帆船航线航行。不过，三桅帆船拥有众多船员，而奇切斯特却是独个儿扬帆破浪，即使在主要转舵装置被大风刮坏之后仍是这样。奇切斯特一直航行了14,000英里，到了澳大利亚悉尼港才停船靠岸。这段航程比以往单人驾舟航海最远航程还多一倍多。他于12月12日抵达澳

31、大利亚，这一天正是他离开英国第一百零七天。他受到澳大利亚人和乘飞机专程前去迎接他家人们热烈欢送。奇切斯特上岸后，得由人搀扶才能行走。大家众口一词，说他已航行得够远了，不要再继续向前航行了。但他却置假设罔闻。在悉尼休息了几周之后，他不顾朋友们多方劝阻，再次扬帆出航。这后半段航程更为艰险,在此期间，他绕过了险情四伏合恩角。On 29 January he left Australia. The next night, the blackest he had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. F

32、ood, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately, bed and went to sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, Wild be on an island 885 miles away. After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chiches

33、ter sent the following radio message to London: I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again. Just before 9 oclock on Sunday evening 28 May, 1967, he arrived back in England, where a quarter of a million people we

34、re waiting to welcome him. Queen Elizabeth II knighted him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had sailed round the world for the first time. The whole voyage from England and back had covered 28, 500 miles. It had taken him nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done wha

35、t he wanted to accomplish. Like many other adventurers, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, h e had given men throughout the world new pride. NEW WO

36、RDSsingle-handed a. & ad. (done) by one person alone 单独地adventure n. 冒险活动solo a. single-handed 单独transatlantica. crossing the Atlantic Ocean 1月29日他驶离澳大利亚。第二天夜晚这是他所经历过最黑暗一个夜晚海面上波涛汹涌，小船几乎被风浪掀翻。食物、衣服还有碎玻璃，全都混杂在一起了。幸好小船遭到损坏还不算太严重。奇切斯特镇静地钻进被窝，睡着了。等他醒来时，大海又恢复了平静。然而，他仍禁不住想到，要是果真有什么意外，他能用无线电联系上人，最近也要在885英里以

37、外岛上，除非附近哪儿有条轮船。奇切斯特成功地绕过合思角以后，便通过无线电给伦敦发去如下电文：“我觉得好似刚从恶梦中醒来。就是野马也休想再把我拖回到合思角和那凶险莫测南大洋去了。1967年5月28日，星期天，晚上将近九点，他回到了英国。有二十五万人等在那儿欢送他。女王伊丽莎白二世手持宝剑封他为爵士，将近400年前，伊丽莎白一世也曾手持同一把宝剑，把爵位赐予完成首次环球航行弗朗西斯.德雷克爵士。从英国出发，再回到英国，整个航程长达28，500英里。奇切斯特一共花了九个月时间，其中实际航行时间为226天。他终于完成了他想完成伟业。像许多别冒险家一样，奇切斯特产生过恐惧而又战胜了恐惧。在这一过程中，他

38、无疑对自身有了一些了解。此外，在当今这个人类如此依赖机器时代，他赋予了全世界人们以新自豪感。 横度大西洋lung n. part of the body with which one breathes 肺cancer n. 癌determined a. with ones mind firmly made up 下定了决心 determine v. 下定决心determinationn. 决心，果断retire vi. stop working at ones job(because of age) 退休voyagen. sea journey 航海；航行route n. way from o

39、ne place to another 路线clipper n. 快速帆船crew n. group of people who work together on a ship or airplane 全体船员；全体乘务员steer vt. make (esp. a boat or road vehicle) go in a particular direction 为.撑舵device n. a piece of equipment设备；装置steering devicen. 操舵装置damage vt. cause harm or injury to 损坏 ad. harm, injury

40、 损坏gale n. very strong wind大风cover vt. travel (a certain distance)行过一段距离previously ad. before 以前 previous a. 以前attempt n. try 试图，尝试dissuade vt. prevent (sb.) from doing sth. by reasoning 劝阻treacherous a. more dangerous than it seems 暗藏危险；奸诈cape n. 海角rough a. (of weather or the sea) stormy; not calm

41、气候有暴风雨；海波涛汹涌fortunately ad. luckily 幸运地；幸亏fortunate a. 幸运contact vt. get in touch with 联系，接触nearby ad. close by 在附近following a. next; to be mentioned immediately 接着；以下waken v. (cause to) wake 唤醒；醒来nightmare n. terrible dream 恶梦drag vt. pull along with great effort 拖，拉sinister a. 凶恶，邪恶knight n. 爵士 vt

42、. 封. 为爵士sword n. 剑，刀accomplishvt. finish successfully完成conquer vt. overcome征服undoubtedly ad. certainly无疑地moreoverad. in addition此外，而且humana. of or concerning people人们being n. a living thing, esp. a person生物；人PHRASES & EXPRESSIOMSset out begin a course if action着手，开场give up atop doing放弃be determined

43、to (do) have a strong will to (do)决心做(all) by oneself (completely) alonein spite ofnot taking notice of; not caring about 尽管；虽然by far by a large amount or degree.得多turn over (cause to) fall over, upset使翻倒，使倾覆can not helpcan not keep oneself from禁不住PEOPER NAMESFrancis Chichester 弗朗西斯. 奇切斯特Gipsy Moth

44、吉普赛. 莫斯Sydney 悉尼澳大利亚城市Cape Horn 合恩角智利London 伦敦Elizabeth 伊丽莎白女子名Drake 德雷克姓氏 Unit 3They say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. Everyone was so kind to the old lady on her birthday. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort to please herThe PresentIt was the old ladys birthday. She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came. Today she was sure th