九年级教案unit0.doc

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1、九年级教案unit0Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.一、 教学目标1.语言目标Learn to narrate past events学会描述过去所发生的事情。2、知识目标Learn to express something with Past Perfect Tense. 学习使用过去完成时态。 3、能力目标 Strengthen the consciousness of doing things regularly做事加强连续性，有条不紊。二、重点知识1、重点单词rush, lock, empty, d

2、escribe, farmer, marry基本要求：会读、会写、会用。2、重点短语go off, run off, on time, give sb. a ride, break down, show up, set off, get married, a piece of基本要求：会读、会写、会用。3、重点语法（1）Past Perfect tense(过去完成时的用法): （2）“By the time”和“when”引导的时间状语从句基本要求：理解其含义，学以致用。三、导学案Section A 例析导学1. When I got to school, I realized I had

3、left my backpack at home. (P76)我到学校时才发现把书包落在家了。 left是leave的过去式，在此处意为“遗忘”，“忘记”，后面常有地点状语。Li Min left his dictionary in the reading-room yesterday. 昨天李民把词典忘在阅览室里了。【拓展】forget作“遗忘”解时，后面没有“遗忘”的地点。I have forgotten the book. 我忘记拿书了。2. My alarm clock didnt go off, and by the time I woke up, my father had alr

4、eady gone into the bathroom and I had to wait for him to come out. (P78)我的闹钟坏了，因此等我醒来的时候，我父亲已经进去洗澡了，我只好等他出来。go off 是“（闹钟）闹响”的意思，即“发出声音”。The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off. 防盗警报器一响，窃贼立刻逃走了。3. I started walking, but I knew I couldnt get to school on time.我开始步行，但我知道我已经不能按时到达学校了。start

5、to do sth和start doing sth都表示“开始做某事”，常可相互替换。At the age of 12, he started writing his own newspaper.= At the age of 12, he started to write his own newspaper.他十二岁时，开始编写自己的报纸。4. Luckily, my friend Tony and his dad came by in his dads car and they gave me a ride. 幸运的是，我的朋友托尼和他的爸爸乘他爸爸的小车过来了，带了我一程。(1)luck

6、ily是个副词，意为“幸运地，有运气地”，在句中常用作状语。Luckily, he didnt hurt himself when he fell. 算他运气好，跌倒了没有受伤。Luckily, she was in when I called. 真走运，我打电话时她正好在。(2)give sb a ride意为“让人搭便车”，其中ride是名词。Please give me a ride to my school, Im going to be late.请把我带到学校去，我要迟到了。If you go to station, I can give you a ride. 如果你去车站，我可

7、以带你一程。5. When I got to school, the final bell was ringing. I only just made it to my class.我到学校的时候，上课铃正在响。我刚好正点赶到教室上课。 made it 意为“成功了，做成了”。这里指的是没有迟到，准时到达。例如：Have you got the job? 你得到那份工作了吗？Yes, I made it是的，我成功了。6. Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school? (P78)你是否曾经忘记将作业带到学校了呢？ever在这

8、里是“曾经”的意思,常用于现在完成时里，询问对方是否有过某种经历。 Have you ever been to London? 你曾经去过伦敦吗？【拓展】(1)ever用于一般疑问句、否定句以及表示条件或比较的从句中，意为“在（以往）任何时候”，“从来”，“在某时”等。例如：Nowadays he hardly ever comes. 最近他几乎不来了。None of us will ever forget that exciting scene. 我们大家永远都不会忘记那个令人激动的场面。(2)ever用于特殊疑问句中，意为“究竟、到底”。 例如：Which ever do you want

9、? 你究竟要哪一个？When ever did you lose it? 你究竟什么时候丢失这个东西的？(3)ever用于含有最高级的从句中，可用来加强语气。例如：Li Siguang is the greatest scientist that ever lived.李四光是古今最伟大的科学家。1Ive never been late for school, but yesterday I came very close我上学从未迟到过，但是昨天差一点儿就迟到了。be late for 意为“迟到”，for为介词，所以其后须跟名词。例如：Dont be late for the meetin

10、g开会别迟到了。Jim was late for school again吉姆上学又迟到了。Tom has been late for classes twice.汤姆上课已经迟到两次了。（3）close在此为副词“接近地，靠近地”。此外came very close意为“到时与迟到很接近”。4My alarm clock didnt go off, 闹钟没有大响go off 意为“爆发，大响”。例如：Although the alarm clock went off, he didnt wake up虽然闹钟大响，但是他还是没有醒来。与go有关的词组还有：（1）go in for“参加”（竞

11、赛、考试）；（作为嗜好、工作）“爱好”。例如：She goes in for birdwatching她爱好赏鸟。（2）go on“进行，继续”。例如：Please go on请继续。（3）go on doing sth 或go on with sth“继续做”。例如：He went on working without having a rest他一直工作，没停下来休息过。（4）go over“调查，视察；越过”。例如：You must go over your lessons before the exam考试前你必须复习。and I had to wait for him to come

12、 out我不得不等他出来。（2）wait 是不及物动词“等待，等候”的意思。可以用于词组wait for sb“等某人”，wait to do sth“等着做某事”，wait for sb to do sth“等某人做某事”。例如：Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁？They cant wait to open the presents他们迫不及待地打开礼物。You can wait for him to help you你可以等着他帮你。专项练习：一、根据汉语提示完成句子:1. _ _ _ (到的时候) she got up, her brother had alre

13、ady gone into the bathroom.2. Mum often tells me not _ _ _ _ (迟到) school.3. My clock didnt _ _ (发出响声)，so I _ (睡过了头)。4I _ _ _ _( 匆忙洗澡) and had some breakfast.5. Well have a meeting at 9 oclock tomorrow. Could you please come _ _ (准时，按时)？二、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1 By the time my parents got home yesterday, I _

14、(cook) the dinner already.2. By eleven oclock yesterday, we _ (arrive) at the airport.3. I saw Li Ping yesterday. We _ (not see) each other for five years.4. When I got up, my father _ (leave) home.5. When I got to the party, everyone _ (go) home. 句析导学1By the time I got outside, the bus had already

15、left.当我出去时，公交车已经开走了。本句使用的是过去完成时（Past perfect Tense），下面讲一讲过去万城市的用法。构成：had过去分词（had没有人称和数的变化）过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。既然过去完成时的动作发生在过去某一时间之前，那么，使用过去完成时就必须先有这样一个过去的时间。egI had finished my homework before supper 我在晚饭前把作业做完了。句中的supper既是过去某一时间，而had finished 这一动作就是在supper 之前完成的。如果只说I h

16、ad finished my homework听者会觉得难以理解。由此可见，过去完成时是个相对的时态，它不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。egBy the end of that year Henry had collected more than one thousand foreign stamps 到那年年底，亨利已经收集了一千多张外国邮票。（过去时间是the end of that year）egWhen we got there, the football match had already started 当我们到那里时，足球比赛已经开始了。（过去时间是when从句）动词过去分词的构成

17、与一般过去式的构成相似，一般情况下在动词词尾加ed，特殊动词须特殊记忆，如：havehadhad，getgotgotten，beginbeganbegun，leaveleftleft，gowentgone等。例如：She had learnt 2000 English words by the end of last month到上个月末，她已经学了2000个英语单词了。I hadnt learnt Japanese before I went to Japan我去日本之前没学过日语。注意：过去完成时的否定句和疑问句直接通过had的变化即可。2. When I got to school, I

18、 realized I had left my backpack at home.我到学校时才发现把书包落在家了。when当时候，指过去的某一时间点。从句用一般现在时，主句为过去完成时。had left my backpack at home 这是一个过去完成时的句子，表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。By three oclock yesterday afternoon we had finished the work.到昨天下午三点，我们已经完成了工作。She had learned a lot of English before she went to school

19、. 在上学之前，她已经学会了很多英语。3. My alarm clock didnt go off, and by the time I woke up, my father had already gone into the bathroom and I had to wait for him to come out. 我的闹钟坏了，因此等我醒来的时候，我父亲已经进去洗澡了，我只好等他出来。by the time I woke up 中的by the time意为“到的时候”， 指从过去某一点到，从句所示的时间为止，这一时间段。和过去完成时连用。例如：By the time he was t

20、en, Tom built a chemistry lab himself. 等到了十岁的时候，汤姆自己建了一个化学实验室。专项练习:补全对话,选择方框中的句子完成对话。A: What do you do in the evening, Bill?B: _1_A: Which programs do you like best on TV?B: News and sports. How about you, Claire?A: Unfortunately I dont have TV sets,_2_I also read newspapers.B: Do you read everythin

21、g in the newspaper?A: No. I hate the advertisements in it.B:_3_A: There are also too many advertisements on the radios.B:_4_You neednt read the advertisements in the newspaper, but you cant avoid them with TV and the radio.A:_5_B: You are right.A. I have to listen to the radio to know what is happen

22、ing in the world.B. So do I.C. Either you turn them off or you have to put up with them.D. It is the same with TV.E. I read newspapers and watch TV every evening.教学设计：1复习：1）利用卡片对已学过的单词进行快速复习。2） 学生两人一组进行对话复习表演。2新课导入(1a) 1）通过对by the time 的讲解，可以通过例句，例如：By the time the teacher came in, the students had

23、begun reading English引出过去完成时态。然后让学生仿照例句，做过去完成时的句子。2）让学生看这部分的图片和问题，进行讨论。 3听力训练（1b）:本部分是通过听力练习，让学生进一步掌握过去完成时态的基本结构：had + 动词的过去分词。4 对话练习（1c）:1) 再播放1b中的对话，让学生跟读。2）根据示范对话，两人一组利用1b中的信息进行对话练习。5听力练习：2a: 让学生先看着四幅图片，请一至两名学生来说说他们认为的正确的顺序，并说明理由，然后再播放录音。2b: 让学生先根据本单元前面的内容把空格填上，然后再播放录音，检查答案。6小组活动（2c）:根据2a,2b来补充完整

24、接下来要发生的事情及结果。二人一组用过去完成时来完成。73a:1) 让学生先读故事并且按照事情发生的先后顺序排列在右边一栏中。2）让学生仔细再读一遍课文，然后对不明白的地方进行提问并解决问题。3）让学生找出含有过去完成时的句子。8回答问题小组活动（3b,3c）：要求学生先根据自己的实际情况回答问题，然后两人一组进行练习，注意使用正确的时态。9作业：1）背诵3a.2) 完成对话3c. 词语辨析1get, arrive与reach的用法区别：这三个词都可以用来表示“到达”，但是用法不同。（1）get和arrive都是不及物动词，其后只能跟表示地点的副词，若是跟名词则须再加介词，即get to 地点

25、名词，arrive in / at 地点名词（in 之后跟表示大地方的词，at之后跟表示小地方的词）。若是只说“到达”，而不指出到达哪里，则只能用arrive。例如：How did you get / arrive there? 你怎么到那儿的？I got to / arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday我前天到的北京。When do you often get to / arrive at school? 你经常什么时候到校？When will you arrive? 你什么时候到？（2）reach为及物动词，其后既可跟名词也可跟副词。例如：I

26、 reached Beijing the day before yesterday我前天到的北京。We reached here on foot我们步行到这儿的。2have to 与must的用法区别：这两个词都可以表示“必须”。have to 更加强调客观原因，而must则强调主观原因；含有have to 的句子在作句型转换时须借助于助动词do，does或did，而must本身是情态动词，进行句型转换时可以直接通过must改变。例如：It is raining, we have to stay at home. 天在下雨，我们不得不待在家里。We must work hard我们必须努力工作

27、。Lucy doesnt have to stand露茜不必站着。You mustnt play in the street你不能在街道上玩。3forget to do 与forget doing 的用法区别：forget to do 指的是“忘了去做”，即该事还未做；而forget doing 则指“忘了做了”，即该事已经做完。例如：Dont forget to turn off lights when you go out出去时别忘了关灯。Sorry, I forgot to bring the books again对不起，我又忘了带书来了。Lucy forgot locking the

28、 door露茜忘了已锁了门了。Tom forgot turning off TV汤姆忘了关了电视了。4bring和take的用法区别：bring 意为“把拿来，取来”。即把某物从别处拿到说话者所在地；take 意为“把拿走，取走”，即把某物从说话者所在地拿到别处。例如：Please bring my English book here. 请把我的英语书拿到这儿来。You cant take these magazines home. 你不能把这些杂志拿回家。5on time和in time的用法区别：on time在本句中意为“准时，按规定的时间不早也不迟”。Li Mings father s

29、eldom goes work on time. 李明的父亲很少准时上班。The party began on time that evening. 晚会在那天下午准时举行。in time意为“及时”。I will try my best to finish it in time. 我会尽力及时完成。Will you be home in time to see the children before they go to bed? 你来得及在孩子们上床睡觉之前赶回家看看他们吗？专项训练：一、单项选择：1“_ you been to Hong Kong before 1997?” “No, I

30、 hadnt.”A. Have B. Did C. Do D. Had2. By the time she got outside, the bus _.A. went B. gone C. has gone D. had gone3. _ the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.A. At B. By C. For D. To4. By the time I got home, I realized that I had _ my pen in the classroom.A. forgotten B. f

31、orgot C. leave D. left二、句型转换：1By the time she got up, her mother had gone to work. (对划线部分提问)_ _ her mother done by the time she got up?2. When I got home, my mother had cooked dinner. (改为否定句)When I got home, my mother _ cooked dinner.3. The train had left when Jim got to the station. ( 改为一般疑问句)_ the

32、 train _ when Jim got to the station.Section B 例析导学1. In 1938, a radio program by actor Orson Welles announced that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. 1938年，由Orson Welles主持的电台节目宣布来自火星的外星人在地球上登陆了。announce 意思是“宣布”，常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情。The new government announced its policy at once.新政府立即宣布了它的政策

33、。The headmaster announced the result of the exam. 校长宣布考试成绩。【拓展】announcer，名词，“宣布者”，“播音员”；announcement名词，“宣告”，“通告”，“预告”。2. Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off across the whole country. Welles的话是如此具有说服力，以至于成百上千人相信了他的话，全国处于一片恐慌之中。 convincing 是由动词convinc

34、e加后缀-ing构成的形容词，意为“令人信服的、有说服力的”，主语通常由表示物体的词来担任。His speech was very convincing. 他的演讲非常有说服力。【拓展】（1）convince是及物动词，表示“使信服”，“使确信”。You have convinced me that I should go.你已经说服了我，我应该去。（2）convince sb of sth“使某人相信某事”（3）convinced作形容词时，表示“坚定不移的、有坚定信仰的”，在句中用作定语，其主语是人。Mr Smith is a convinced Christian. 史密斯先生是一个虔诚

35、的基督徒。短语动词set off在本句中是“引起、激起”的意思。A letter from home set off an attack of homesickness. 一封家信激起了一片思乡之情。【拓展】set off在作“出发、动身”解时,与set out意思相同。It was raining when we set off/out. 我们出发时,天还下着雨。3. One April Fools day, a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti

36、farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti.一个愚人节，有位英国记者宣称以后不会再有意大利式细面条可以吃了，因为意大利的农民已经停止种植生产细面条的植物了。本句中的farmer意为“农夫、农场主、经营农业者”，主要指经营农场的人，主要用于英国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、美国等，因为这些国家的农业以农场经营为主。Are you a farmer? 你是个农民吗？【拓展】peasant意为“农民”，常指非英语国家的雇农、佃农或自耕农。在我们国家，目前将“农民”都译为peasant。Whats the old peasant saying to th

37、em? 那位老农在对他们说什么？4. A famous TV star once invited his girlfriend onto his show on April Fools Day.从前，有位著名的电视明星在愚人节那天邀请他的女友参加他的演出。本句中的show用作名词，表示“演出”，“展览”。The show begins at eight oclock. 演出8点钟开始。There is going to be an art show next week. 下周有一个美术展览。【拓展】（1）show作动词时，表示“给看”，“出示”。He showed his ticket at

38、the door.他在门口出示了门票。（2）on show表示“展览、陈列”，相当于on display。5. She was thrilled, because she really wanted to get married. (P80)她很激动，因为她真的想结婚。(1)thrilled是形容词，意为“非常激动的、非常兴奋的”，常用来说明一个人的心情。He was thrilled when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时很激动。She was thrilled and shy when she heard “I love you” from her boy fri

39、end. 当她听到她男朋友说“我爱你”的时候，她很激动也很害羞。(2)get married是固定短语，意为“结婚”，表示动作；而be married表示状态，意为“结婚了”，这两个短语都可以和介词to连用。Shes married to my brother. 她嫁给了我哥哥。Theyre saving up to get married. 他们储蓄准备结婚。当表示“与结婚”时，marry用作及物动词，其后接介词to，而不能用with。【拓展】（1）marry是短暂性动词，当表示“结婚多长时间”时，要用be married。Lucy married Robert two years ago.

40、 = Lucy has been married to Robert for two years. =It is two years since Lucy married Robert.=Two years have passed since Lucy married Robert. 露茜和罗伯特结婚两年了。（2）问某人“婚否”时应说Are you married?或Is he married？等；如果“未婚”，可以说Im single.。（3）问某人“何时结的婚”应说When were you married?或When did you get married?。专项练习：根据汉语意思完成句

41、子：1、A has _ to B for several years. (结婚)2、Shenzhou VIII spaceship will _ the moon in ten years. (登陆)3、I was late for the party because my car _ in halfway. (坏掉, 抛锚)4、He invited all his _ (亲戚) to his wedding. 5、Chairman Mao _ in a proud voice that PRC was formally founded on October 1, 1949. (宣布)6、Le

42、ts _ (揭露)Chen Shuibians guilty(罪行).7、Our dear Deng Xiaoping once said he was a Chinese people and he loved his motherland and people _. (深深地) 8、Can you help me fix up the computer? My computer is _. (坏了) 句析导学1Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off acro

43、ss the whole country. Welles的话是如此具有说服力，以至于成百上千人相信了他的话，全国处于一片恐慌之中。so.that在这里引导结果状语从句，表示“如此以至于”，that后面接从句，常见的句型有：(1)主语+系动词（be, become等）+so+形容词+that从句。The computer is so useful that each of us wants to buy one.计算机太有用了，我们每个人都想买一台。(2)主语+行为动词+so+副词+that从句。He ran so fast that we couldnt catch up with him.

44、他跑得太快，我们追不上他。(3)so.that后面也可以跟so many/few加复数可数名词或so much/little加不可数名词。He had so many falls that he could ride a bike at last. 他摔了很多跤，终于学会了骑车。Theres so much noise in the meeting room that I cant hear the speaker clearly.会议室里的噪音太大，我听不清演讲者的发言。【拓展】so.that句型转换的四种方法(1)当从句的主语与主句中的主语一致，且that从句是否定式时，常用too.to.

45、转换。The little girl was so tired that she couldnt walk farther.=The little girl was too tired to walk farther.这个小女孩太累了，她不能再走路了。(2)当从句的主语与主句中的主语不一致，且that从句是否定式时，常用too.for sb to do sth转换。The work is so difficult that we cant finish it in time.=The work is too difficult for us to finish it in time.这份工作太难了，我们不能按时完成。(3)当从句的主语与主句中的主语一致，且that从句是肯定式时，常用.enough to do sth转换。He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.=He is strong enough to lift the heavy box.他强壮得足以举起那个重箱子。(4)当从句的主语与主句中的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定式时，常用.enough for sb to do sth转换。He spoke so clearly that I