现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别.doc

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1、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别（适用于八年级，2011年第六期语法小贴士）邮编：441533作者：高国庆 张明凤地址：襄樊市南漳县巡检镇峡口中学电话：13774178893很多同学在接触了现在完成时态后。感到很迷惑：都是过去发生的动作，那么什么情况下用一般过去时态？什么情况下用现在完成时态？我总结了以下四点，希望能给同学们一些帮助。1）一般过去时态表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时态中动作为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。如:I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了） I have already see

2、n this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知了） I havent finished my work yet. (强调对现在的影响，还有工作要做，不能去玩) When did you finish your homework? (询问过去的动作所发生的时间，与现在无关)2）一般过去时态表示动作在过去已经停止；现在完成时态表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在。如：Ann visited her uncle last weekend.(visit这个动作在过去已经停止) They have lived here since 1983.(live here 这个动作从1983年开始，一直

3、延续到现在)3）一般过去时态常用非延续性动词，如borrow, buy, come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become等。现在完成时态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，与时间段连用时动词一般是延续性的，如keep, have, live, teach, learn, work, study, know, be等。如：He joined the League three years ago .(join是短暂动词）He has been in the League for three years.（be in表状态，在团内的状态可延续）He has been

4、 a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可延续）4）一般过去时态常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时态通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时态的时间状语：yesterday, last night/week/month/year，ago, in1980, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语.现在完成时态的时间状语：for+时间段, since+过去的时间点/一般过去时态的句子, so far, , up to now, in the past .years, 等，皆为不确定的时间状语。如：Tim wrote a letter to hi

5、s brother last night.（last night 为具体的过去时间状语，所以用一般过去时态）Ive learned English for three years . （for three years为时间状语，是个时间段，时间跨度大，不具体）学以致用1When _ you _ to learn to skate? -Five years ago. A. do; start B. will; start C. had; start D. did; start (2010湖北武汉市)2Hasnt Alice come yet?-No, and I _ for her for ab

6、out 2 hours. A. wait B. waited C. have waited D. had waited (2010湖北随州市)3Her grandpa _ in 2000. Though he _ for about ten years, she still misses him. A. dies; has died B. died; has been dead C. died; was dead D. died; has died (2010湖北恩施自治州)4-Have you ever been to Shanghai , Mary？ -Yes. I _ there for

7、 three days with my parents last month. A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was (2010安徽省) 5My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ in Beijing. A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived (2010河北省)6I must return the dictionary to Allen now. I _ it for three weeks already. A. kept B. will

8、 keep C. keep D. have kept (2010临沂市)7Last Sunday my aunt _ at home with me. We were watching TV all day. A. was B. were C. is D. are (2010重庆市)8Have you ever _ Xingkai Lake？ Yes. I _ there last month. Its quite beautiful. A. gone to; went B. been to; went C. been to; go (2010黑龙江省鸡西市) 9Miss Gao came to our school in 2006. She _ here for four years. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught (2010福建省龙岩市)参考答案： 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C