AWL(academicwordlist)学术词汇表——雅思,托福.doc

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1、.IELTS, TOEFL 考试必备之 AWL IntroductionThe Academic Word List was developed by Averil Coxhead as her MA thesis at the School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. The list contains 570 word families which were selected according to principles out

2、lined below. The list does not include words that are in the most frequent 2000 words of English. The AWL was primarily made so that it could be used by teachers as part of a programme preparing learners for tertiary level study or used by students working alone to learn the words most needed to stu

3、dy at tertiary institutions. The Academic Word List replaces the University Word List.Sublists of the Academic Word ListEach word in italics is the most frequently occurring member of the word family in the Academic Corpus. For example, analysis is the most common form of the word family analyse. Br

4、itish and American spelling is included in the word families, so contextualise and contextualize are both included in the family context.Sublist 1 contains the most common words in the AWL. Sublist 2 contains the next most common words, and so on. There are 60 families in each sublist, except for su

5、blist 10 which has 30.Sublist 1 of the Academic Word Listanalyseanalysedanalyseranalysersanalysesanalysinganalysisanalystanalystsanalyticanalyticalanalyticallyanalyzeanalyzedanalyzesanalyzingapproachapproachableapproachedapproachesapproachingunapproachableareaareas assessassessableassessedassessesas

6、sessingassessmentassessmentsreassessreassessed reassessing reassessmentunassessedassumeassumedassumesassumingassumptionassumptionsauthorityauthoritative authoritiesavailableavailabilityunavailable.benefit beneficialbeneficiarybeneficiariesbenefitedbenefitingbenefits concept conception conceptsconcep

7、tualconceptualisationconceptualiseconceptualisedconceptualisesconceptualisingconceptuallyconsistconsistedconsistencyconsistentconsistentlyconsistingconsistsinconsistencies inconsistencyinconsistentconstitute constituencies constituencyconstituent constituents constitutedconstitutes constitutingconst

8、itutionconstitutions constitutionalconstitutionallyconstitutiveunconstitutionalcontextcontextscontextualcontextualise contextualised contextualising uncontextualised contextualize contextualized contextualizing uncontextualized contractcontractedcontractingcontractorcontractorscontracts createcreate

9、dcreatescreatingcreationcreationscreativecreativelycreativitycreatorcreatorsrecreaterecreatedrecreatesrecreatingdatadefinedefinabledefined definesdefiningdefinitiondefinitionsredefineredefinedredefinesredefiningundefinedderivederivationderivationsderivative derivatives derived derivesderivingdistrib

10、utedistributeddistributingdistribution distributional distributionsdistributivedistributor distributorsredistributeredistributedredistributesredistributingredistributioneconomyeconomiceconomicaleconomicallyeconomics economieseconomisteconomistsuneconomicalenvironment environmental environmentalist e

11、nvironmentalists environmentallyenvironmentsestablishdisestablish disestablisheddisestablishesdisestablishingdisestablishmentestablishedestablishesestablishingestablishmentestablishmentsestimate .estimatedestimates estimatingestimationestimationsover-estimateoverestimateoverestimatedoverestimatesove

12、restimatingunderestimateunderestimatedunderestimatesunderestimatingevidentevidencedevidenceevidential evidentlyexportexportedexporterexportersexportingexportsfactorfactoredfactoringfactorsfinancefinancedfinancesfinancialfinanciallyfinancier financiersfinancingformulaformulaeformulasformulateformulat

13、edformulatingformulationformulationsreformulatereformulatedreformulatingreformulationreformulationsfunctionfunctionalfunctionallyfunctionedfunctioningfunctionsidentifyidentifiable identification identifiedidentifies identifyingidentitiesidentityunidentifiable incomeincomesindicate indicatedindicates

14、 indicating indication indicationsindicativeindicatorindicatorsindividual individualisedindividualityindividualismindividualistindividualistsindividualisticindividuallyindividuals interpretinterpretationinterpretations interpretative interpretedinterpreting interpretiveinterpretsmisinterpretmisinter

15、pretationmisinterpretationsmisinterpretedmisinterpretingmisinterpretsreinterpretreinterpretedreinterpretsreinterpretingreinterpretationreinterpretationsinvolveinvolvedinvolvementinvolvesinvolvinguninvolvedissueissuedissuesissuinglabourlaborlaboredlaborslabouredlabouringlabourslegalillegal illegality

16、illegallylegalitylegallylegislatelegislatedlegislateslegislatinglegislationlegislativelegislator.legislatorslegislaturemajor majoritiesmajoritymethodmethodicalmethodologicalmethodologiesmethodologymethods occuroccurredoccurrence occurrencesoccurringoccursreoccur reoccurred reoccurringreoccurs percen

17、t percentagepercentagesperiodperiodicperiodicalperiodicallyperiodicalsperiodspolicypolicies principleprincipledprinciplesunprincipledproceedproceduralprocedureproceduresproceededproceedingproceedingsproceedsprocessprocessedprocessesprocessing requirerequiredrequirementrequirements requiresrequiringr

18、esearchresearchedresearcherresearchers researchesresearchingrespondrespondedrespondentrespondentsrespondingrespondsresponseresponsesresponsiveresponsivenessunresponsive rolerolessectionsectionedsectioningsections sectorsectorssignificantinsignificantinsignificantlysignificancesignificantly signified

19、signifiessignifysignifyingsimilardissimilarsimilaritiessimilarity similarlysourcesourcedsources sourcingspecificspecificallyspecification specificationsspecificityspecificsstructurerestructurerestructuredrestructuresrestructuringstructuralstructurallystructured structuresstructuringunstructuredtheor

20、ytheoreticaltheoreticallytheoriestheoristtheoristsvaryinvariableinvariablyvariabilityvariable variablesvariablyvariancevariantvariantsvariationvariations variedvariesvarying.Sublist 2 of the Academic Word Listachieve achievableachievedachievementachievementsachievesachievingacquireacquired acquiresa

21、cquiringacquisitionacquisitionsadministrateadministratesadministration administrations administrative administrativelyadministratoradministratorsaffectaffectedaffectingaffectiveaffectivelyaffectsunaffectedappropriate appropriacyappropriatelyappropriatenessinappropriacy inappropriateinappropriatelyas

22、pectaspectsassistassistance assistantassistantsassistedassistingassistsunassistedcategory categoriescategorisationcategorisecategorisedcategorisescategorisingcategorizationcategorizedcategorizescategorizing chapterchapterscommissioncommissionedcommissionercommissionerscommissioningcommissionscommuni

23、tycommunitiescomplex complexitiescomplexity compute computationcomputationalcomputationscomputablecomputercomputedcomputerisedcomputerscomputingconcludeconcludedconcludesconcludingconclusionconclusions conclusiveconclusivelyinconclusiveinconclusivelyconductconducted conductingconductsconsequentconse

24、quenceconsequencesconsequentlyconstruct constructed constructing constructionconstructionsconstructive constructsreconstructreconstructedreconstructingreconstructionreconstructsconsumeconsumedconsumer consumers consumesconsumingconsumptioncreditcreditedcreditingcreditorcreditorscreditsculturecultura

25、l culturallyculturedcultures uncultureddesign.designed designerdesignersdesigningdesigns distinct distinctiondistinctions distinctive distinctivelydistinctlyindistinctindistinctlyelementelements equate equated equatesequatingequationequationsevaluateevaluatedevaluatesevaluatingevaluation evaluations

26、evaluativere-evaluate re-evaluated re-evaluatesre-evaluating re-evaluationfeaturefeaturedfeatures featuringfinalfinalisefinalisedfinalisesfinalisingfinalizefinalizedfinalizesfinalizingfinalityfinallyfinalsfocusfocusedfocusesfocusingfocussedfocussingrefocusrefocusedrefocusesrefocusingrefocussed refoc

27、ussesrefocussingimpactimpactedimpactingimpactsinjure injuredinjuresinjuriesinjuringinjuryuninjuredinstitute institutedinstitutesinstitutinginstitutioninstitutionalinstitutionalise institutionalised institutionalises institutionalising institutionalizedinstitutionalizes institutionalizing institution

28、allyinstitutionsinvestinvestedinvestinginvestmentinvestmentsinvestorinvestorsinvestsreinvestreinvestedreinvestingreinvestmentreinvestsitemitemisationitemiseitemiseditemises itemisingitemsjournal journalsmaintainmaintained maintaining maintainsmaintenancenormalabnormalabnormallynormalisationnormalise

29、normalisednormalisesnormalisingnormalizationnormalizenormalizednormalizesnormalizingnormalitynormallyobtainobtainableobtained obtainingobtains.unobtainable participate participantparticipantsparticipatedparticipatesparticipating participationparticipatoryperceiveperceived perceivesperceiving percept

30、ion perceptions positive positively potentialpotentially previouspreviously primary primarily purchase purchasedpurchaserpurchaserspurchasespurchasingrange rangedrangesrangingregionregionalregionallyregionsregulatederegulatedderegulatesderegulatingderegulationregulatedregulatesregulatingregulation r

31、egulationsregulatorregulatorsregulatoryunregulated relevant irrelevanceirrelevantrelevancereside residedresidenceresidentresidentialresidentsresidesresidingresourceresourcedresourcefulresourcesresourcingunresourcefulunder-resourcedrestrictrestricted restrictingrestriction restrictionsrestrictiverest

32、rictively restrictsunrestrictedunrestrictivesecureinsecureinsecuritiesinsecuritysecuredsecurelysecuressecuringsecuritiessecurity seekseekingseekssoughtselectselectedselectingselection selectionsselectiveselectivelyselectorselectorsselectssitesitesstrategy strategic strategiesstrategicallystrategists

33、trategistssurveysurveyedsurveyingsurveystexttextstextualtradition non-traditionaltraditionaltraditionalisttraditionallytraditionstransfertransferabletransferencetransferred transferringtransfers.Sublist 3 of Academic Word List alternativealternativelyalternativescircumstancecircumstances commentcomm

34、entariescommentarycommentatorcommentatorscommentedcommentingcommentscompensatecompensated compensatescompensatingcompensationcompensationscompensatory component componentrycomponentsconsentconsensusconsentedconsentingconsentsconsiderableconsiderablyconstant constancyconstantlyconstantsinconstancyinc

35、onstantlyconstrainconstrainedconstrainingconstrainsconstraint constraintsunconstrained contribute contributed contributescontributing contributioncontributionscontributorcontributorsconvene conventionconvenesconvenedconveningconventionalconventionallyconventions unconventionalcoordinatecoordinated c

36、oordinatescoordinatingcoordinationcoordinator coordinatorsco-ordinateco-ordinated co-ordinatesco-ordinatingco-ordination co-ordinatorco-ordinatorscorecorescoringcored corporate corporates corporationcorporations correspondcorrespondedcorrespondencecorrespondingcorrespondingly corresponds criteriacri

37、teriondeducededuceddeducesdeducingdeductiondeductionsdemonstrate demonstrabledemonstrably demonstrateddemonstrates demonstratingdemonstration demonstrationsdemonstrativedemonstrativelydemonstratordemonstratorsdocumentdocumentationdocumenteddocumentingdocuments dominatedominancedominantdominateddomin

38、atesdominatingdominationemphasis emphasiseemphasisedemphasisingemphasizeemphasizedemphasizesemphasizingemphatic.emphaticallyensureensuredensuresensuringexcludeexcludedexcludesexcludingexclusionexclusionaryexclusionistexclusionsexclusiveexclusively framework frameworksfundfunded funderfundersfundingf

39、undsillustrate illustrated illustrates illustratingillustration illustrationsillustrativeimmigrateimmigrantimmigrantsimmigratedimmigratesimmigratingimmigrationimplyimpliedimpliesimplyinginitial initiallyinstance instances interactinteractedinteractinginteractioninteractionsinteractiveinteractivelyin

40、teractsjustify justifiablejustifiablyjustificationjustificationsjustifiedjustifiesjustifyingunjustifiedlayerlayeredlayeringlayerslinklinkagelinkageslinkedlinkinglinkslocatelocatedlocatinglocationlocationsrelocaterelocatedrelocatesrelocatingrelocationmaximisemax maximisedmaximisesmaximisingmaximisati

41、onmaximize maximizedmaximizes maximizingmaximization maximumminorminoritiesminorityminorsnegate negativenegatednegatesnegatingnegativelynegativesoutcomeoutcomespartnerpartnerspartnershippartnerships philosophy philosopherphilosophersphilosophicalphilosophically philosophiesphilosophise philosophisedphilosophisesphilosophisingphilosophizephilosophizedphilosophizesphilosophizingphysical physicallyproportion disproportiondisproportionatedisproportionatelyproportionalproportionallyproportionateproportionately