2017年高考-英语(全国II卷~)详细解析.doc

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1、|绝密启用前2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语本试卷共 150 分，共 14 页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.作图可先用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30

2、 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案，听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话尽读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?答案是 C。1What will the woman do this afternoon?A .Do some exercise. B. Go shopping. C. Wash her clothes. 2Why

3、does the woman call the man?A. To cancel a flight. B. To make an apology C. To put off a meeting. 3 How much more does David need for the car?A. $ 5,000. B.$20,000. C. $25,000.4 What is Jane doing?A. Planning a tour. B.Calling her father CAsking for leave.5 How does the man feel?|A. Tied. B. Dizzy.

4、C. Thirsty. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What does Jack want to do?A. Watch TV. B. Play outside. C. Go to the zoo.7. Where does the conversation probably take p

5、lace?A. At home. B. In a cinema. C. In a supermarket.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8. What does Richard do?A. Hes a newsman. B. Hes a manager. C. Hes a researcher.9. Where is Richard going next week?A. Birmingham. B. Mexico City. C. Shanghai.10. What will the speakers do tomorrow?A. Eat out together. B. Vis

6、it a university. C. See Professor Hayes.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. What is the probable relationship between the spearkers?A. School friends.B. Teacher and student.C. Librarian and library user.12. Why does Jim suggest Mary buy the book?A. Its sold at a discount price.B. Its important for her study.

7、C. Its written by Professor Lee.13. What will Jim do for Mary?A. Share his book with her.B. Lend her some money.C. Ask Henry for help.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。14.Where does Stella live?|A. In Memphis. B. In Boston. C. In St Louis. 15.What would peter and his family like to do on beale street?A.Visit a

8、 museum. B. Listen to music. C. Have dinner. 16.What kind of hotel does peter prefer?A. A big one. B. A quite one. C.A modern one. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.How many lab sessions will the students have every week?A. One. B. Two. C. Three.18.What are the students allowed to wear in the lab ?A. Long

9、scarves. B. Loose clothes. C. Tennis shoes.19.Why should the students avoid mixing liquid with paper?A. It may cause a fire. B. It may create waste. C. It may produce pollution.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. Grades the students will receive. B. Rules the students should follow. C. Exp

10、eriments the students will do. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AIn the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over t

11、he globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeares plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us.National Theatre Of China Beijing|ChineseThis great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of Chinas first visit to the UK. The companys produ

12、ctions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeares Richard III will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.Date they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that f

13、ilm and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that

14、are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.We shared the brief that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back he with his

15、Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I last sa

16、w him a few months ago. Hed been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what |the deal was, and we didnt talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?A. Paul Newman wanted it.B. The studio powers did

17、nt like his agent.C. He wasnt famous enough.D. The director recommended someone else.25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?A. They were of the same age.B. They worked in the same theater.C. They were both good actors.D. They have similar characteristics.26.What does the underlined

18、 word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Their belief.B. Their care for children.C. Their success.D. Their support for each other.27.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To show his love of films.B. To remember a friend.C. To introduce a new movie.D. To share his acting experience.【文章大意

19、】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与 Paul Newman 之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman 站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“When the studio didnt want me for the film it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选 C。25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Both of us had the qualities and vi

20、rtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与 Paul 之间有着相似的性格特征。故选 D。|【名师点睛】本文前三题均考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，学+要特别注意排除干扰项。如 24 题中的 A 项“Paul Newman wan

21、ted it.”属于“ 颠倒黑白” 类干扰项，根据“When the studio didnt want me for the film it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知制片人不想要我，说明 A 项明显错误。干扰项的设置方法除了“颠倒黑白”之外，通常还有以下几种方式： 1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。 2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意

22、的改变。 3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。 考点：考查记叙文阅读CTerrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle named the Transition has two seat

23、s, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the groun

24、d, it gets 35 miles per gallon.Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But dont expect it to show up in t

25、oo many driveways. Its expected to cost $279,000.And it wont help if youre stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an |airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making

26、the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Adminis

27、trations decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots woul

28、d find relatively easy to meet.28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars.C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition.29. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?A. It caus

29、ers traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate.C. It is very expensive. D. It burns too much fuel.30. What is the governments attitude to the development of the flying car?A. Cautious B. Favorable.C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.31. What is the best title for the text?A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. Th

30、e Transitions First FlightC.Pilots Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 Terrafugia 公司研制出了飞车，试飞成功，预计将于明年进行销售。本文主要对飞车的历史由来及其构架进行了介绍。28.A 【解析】段落大意题。根据“The vehicle-named the Transition has two seats wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transi

31、tion, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.”可知选 A。29.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But dont expect it to show up in

32、too many driveways. Its expected to cost $279,000”可知，因为 Transition 的价格较高，所以不太可能在太多的马路上出现。故|选 C。30.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“he government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly”以及“Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration

33、s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraf”可知，政府对于飞车的研发是比较支持的。故选 B。31.D 【解析】标题归纳题。浏览全文，主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的设想至今成为现实展开说明。故选 D。DWhen a leafy plant is under attack, it doesnt sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, re

34、ported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, V

35、OCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They p

36、ump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more

37、serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in

38、effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的)than the world we can see and hear. O

39、ur senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on.32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?A. It makes noises. B. It gets help from other plants.|C. It stands quietly D. It sends out certain chemicals.33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?A. The attackers get

40、attacked.B. The insects gather under the table.C. The plants get ready to fight back.D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insectsC. talk to one another intentionally D. help their nei

41、ghbors when necessary35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The world is changing faster than ever.B. People have stronger senses than beforeC. The world is more complex than it seemsD. People in Darwins time were imaginative.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，当植物受到攻击时，会发出 VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流

42、。32.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。33.A 【解析】词义推测题。根据“Once they arrive,the tables are turned

43、.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch”，一旦它们到达这里，这些攻击者就会受到植物的攻击，故选 A。34.B 【解析】细节理解题，根据“Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked” 及“Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. ”可知答案选B。35.C 【 解析】推理判断题。根据“imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on”可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，