2023版高三一轮总复习英语外研版课时分层作业27　Times change！.docx

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1、课时分层作业（二十七）I.阅读理解A（2021武汉市质量检测）1 ve consulted several travel experts and found out the top places in the USA worth visiling.Where: New Orleans, LouisianaWhy： New Orleans is known fbr its music and food scenenot to mention the festivals.It has about 130 festivals each year so theres really no bad tim

2、e to visit. Bourbon Street is the obvious choice for food, drink and jazz and iT s definitely a must- visit location, especially for first- timers to the city.Where: Vail, ColoradoWhy ： Vail is the perfect destination for travelers looking to find almost everything in one central spot. Stay at the a

3、mazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail which is steps away from Vail Village, a popular spot with cobblestone （鹅卵石）streets for wandering leisurely. The country, s largest free transportation system runs frequently, making it easy to access almost anywhere from Vail Village to Lionshead Villa

4、ge.Where: Hudson Valley, New YorkWhy： The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and relaxation. Just an an-hour-and-a-half drive north of New York City, the Hudson Valley is made up of impossibly charming small towns, where the air is freshe

5、r and things do move slower in the mountains.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最值得去旅游的几个地方以及它们的特色。1. You can enjoy different things in New Orleans except.A. sceneryB. musicC. festivalsD. foodA 细节理解题。根据 Where: New Orleans） Louisiana 局部的 “Why:New Orleans is known for its music and food scenenot to mention the f

6、estivals.” 望是可以的，空后又表达下面是一些在批评开始前将其阻止的方法，空处前后表 示语义上的转折，应选G项“然而，过于挑剔会导致一段关系随着时间的推移 而紧张”。2. B 考查段落小标题。该空需要填的是本段的小标题，本段的主要内容 为在批评前需要停下来考虑是否有必要说些什么，应选B。3. D 考查总结句。根据空前内容可知，批判性的人往往对周围的人有很 高的期望，批评的倾向可能来自对别人过高的期望，再结合本段小标题可知，D 项“调整自己的期望值可能是个好方法”符合语境。4. F 考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题“将个人和他们的行为分开”可 知，F项“尽力把一种令人失望的行为和做这种行为

7、的人分开”与小标题呼应， 与此处匹配，应选F。5. C 考查上下文衔接。空后提到，然而绝大多数人的好品质多于坏品质， 尽力把注意力集中在一个人的正面品质上，而不是负面的品质上，故C项“每 个人都有缺点和不完美”符合语境。J可知，新奥尔良以其音乐、美食及节日闻名，没有提及景色。故A项符合题意。2. Which place would you choose if you like wandering leisurely?A. Bourbon Street.B. Vail Village.C. Lionshead Village.D. New Orleans.B 细节理解题。根据 Where: Va

8、il, Colorado 局部的Stay at the amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail which is steps away from Vail Village, a popular spot with cobblestone streets for wandering leisurely. “可知， 在韦尔村， 游客可以在鹅卵石街道上悠闲地漫步，故B项正确。3. What can New Yorkers enjoy in the Hudson Valley?A. Ancient towns.B. Healthy diets.C

9、. Slow movement.D. Inner peace.D 推理判断题。根据尾段的“The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and relaxation.“可次口， 哈德 逊谷是纽约人逃离城市去亲近自然、放松一下的地方。再结合最后一句中的“the air is fresher and things do move slower in the mountains”可以判断，在哈德逊谷人 们可以放慢节奏，享受到内心的平静。故D项正确

10、。B（2021盐城市统一考试）1 ve been writing since before I could write. As a kid, I dictated stories to my parents. About 12 years ago, I was living in New York City and pursuing a master5 s in creative writing. For years f d been suffering vision disorder, but in New York my symptoms worsened. I became unable

11、 to read or write for any considerable length of time. I tried vision therapy （疗法），an overhead projector, a special pair of glasses一all in vain.Eventually, I discovered a computer program for the visually challenged. As I typed, my words were read aloud by an automated voice. With my screen dimmed t

12、o black, I relied entirely on audio feedback to know what I had written.Facing the blank page is worrying, but facing the black page is worse. The dark screen is a sinkhole that swallows creative hope. Sentences disappear into it like an astronaut into a black hole. I managed to complete my master*

13、s degree, but it took me years to adapt to my new reality. The greatest barrier seemed to be the automated voice, which was like a robot parrot on my shoulder, and I wanted nothing more than to drive it away. If a pianist were forced to practice on an untuned piano would it corrupt his ear over time

14、?Of course, I could have quit writing and stopped making myself suffer. But it honestly never occurred to me-and Im glad it didn* t. Last year, after I told my story on the radio, I was contacted by VbcaliD, a Massachusetts- based company that created a voice modeled on my own.The first time I heard

15、 the voice they created, it is so close to my own that the two are nearly indistinguishable. Ive only just begun using this new voice. My hope is that this will restore a sense of solitude （孤独）to my writing process, allowing me easier access to that inner space where the imagination can take over, a

16、nd I can forget myself, and the real work can begin.The black screen still exists-it always will-but the robot parrot has taken wing.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了一位视力障碍者的写作之路。4. What happened to the author when he was pursuing a masters degree in New York?A. His sight started to fail due to much reading.B.

17、His eyes couldn，t sustain long hours of reading.C. He had to drop out due to his vision disorder.D. He successfully overcame his vision problem.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was living in New York City and pursuing a masters in creative writing. I became unable to read or write for any considerable lenglh of ti

18、me.“可知，作者在纽约攻读创意写作硕士学位时，视力 障碍的病症恶化了，不能长时间地读或写，故B项正确。5. What still bothered the author after he got his master，s degree?A. The untuned automated voice.B. The pet parrot on his shoulder.C. The computer with a dark screen.D. The noise from a neighboring pianist.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The greatest barrier seem

19、ed to be the automated voice. drive it away. ”可知，作者觉得最大的障碍似乎是这个自动 化的声音，就像一只机器鹦鹉站在他肩上，作者只想把它赶走。故A项正确。6. How did the author feel when he first heard the voice created by VocaliD?A. Excited.B. Annoyed.C. Unmoved.D. Relaxed.A 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，作者第一次听到VocaliD制造出 来的声音时，觉得这种声音和他自己的声音太接近了，几乎无法区分。再结合下 文表述的作者开

20、始用这种声音并对它寄予希望可以推知，作者很兴奋，故A项 正确。7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The automated voice is too annoying to bear.B. The author can restore his sight to normal.C. The author starts to enjoy his writing again.D. It is likely that the technology will improve.C 推理判断题。根据尾段可知，黑屏仍然存在它将一直存在但这 只机器鹦

21、鹉已经飞走了；据此可推知，作者的视力没有恢复，但之前写作时看似 最大的障碍已经解决，作者又开始享受写作了，故C项正确。C（2021南昌市八一中学模拟）The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found.Keeping the mind occupied with tasks - no matter how meaningless - keeps off negative emotions, the study found.However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly bo

22、rn to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a behavioral scientist at Chicago University.In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. After they had completed the first, they were made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a cho

23、ice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. Whichever option they chose, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that approximately two- thirds (68 students) chose the lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than

24、 those who had stayed put.Prof. Hsee concluded that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, had policy implications.Governments may increase the happiness of idle citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless, M he

25、 proposed.At the individual level, he advised, “Get up and do something. Anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it. He added, u Incidentally, thinking deeply or engaging in self- reflection counts as keeping busy, too.”“You do not need to be runnin

26、g around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally. M【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了科学家们通过研究发现，使人们快乐的秘诀就是让自己忙起来，有事可做就会提升幸福感。8. Keeping busy can make people happy because.A. it can help people get rid of lazinessB. it can make people sleep betterC. it can help get rid of negative emotionsD. it c

27、an give people a sense of achievementC 推理判断题。根据第一、二段 “The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found. Keeping the mind occupied with tasks no matter how meaningless-keeps off negative emotions, the study found. (一项研究发现，快 乐的秘诀就是让自己忙起来。研究发现，让大脑忙于各种任务，不管它们多么毫 无意义，都能抵御负面情绪。)可知，忙碌能让人快乐是因为它可以

28、帮助摆脱不 愉快的感觉。应选C项。9. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The finding may contribute to politics.B. The officials have taken Prof. Hsee* s advice.C. In the study half students handed in the first survey nearby.D. Governments can increase citizens* happiness by buildin

29、g bridges.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, had policy implications. 这项发表在心理科学 杂志上的研究结果具有政治意义。）可知，这一发现可能有助于政治。应选A项。10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Everybody is born to be happy.B. Only by keeping working all the lime can you gain happiness.

30、C. Prof. Hsee* s finding was published in Psychological Science.D. Keeping busy goes against human nature.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a behavioral scientist at Chicago University. （

31、而坏消息是，据芝加哥大学行 为科学家Christoper Hsee教授说，为了节省能量，人类似乎生来就懒惰。）可推 知，忙碌有悖于人的天性。应选D项。11. What is the author，s purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain what happiness is.B. To advise people not to sit around.C. To advise people to do what they like to.D. To show people how to take life correctly.B 推理判断题。根

32、据第一、二段 “The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found. Keeping the mind occupied with tasks - no matter how meaninglesskeeps off negative emotions, the study found. ” 不口最后一段中的“You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally. （你没必要到处跑。你只需

33、要有事忙，无论是身体上还是精神上。）可 推知，作者写这篇文章是为了建议人们不要无所事事。应选B项。D（2021福州市质*检测）Can a fish be depressed? This question has been in my head ever since I spent a night in a hotel across from a sad-looking fish.The pleasant woman at the front desk assured me that he was well taken care of. Was I incorrectly assuming hi

34、s laziness was a sign of being upset?When I sought answers from scientists, 1 assumed that they would find the question ridiculous, but they did not. New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about fish cognition （认知），building a case that pets and owners are not nearly as

35、different as many assumed. The neurochemistry （神经化学）is so similar that its scary, said Julian Pittman, a professor. We tend to think of them as simple living things, but there is a lot we don t give fish credit for.Dr. Pittman likes working with fish, in part because they are so obvious about their

36、depression. A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank. If after five minutes it is hanging down in the lower half, its depressed. If its swimming up the top, then its not.Is depression the right word? There, s an obvious issue that we cannot ask animals how they feel, says Dr. Diego A. Pizzagalli. Nei

37、ther fish nor rats can catch the entire range of depression as we know it.There is a heated debate about whether “anxious“ or udepressedn is a more appropriate term. But what has convinced Dr. Pittman and others over the past ten years is watching the way the zebra fish lose interest in just about e

38、verything: food, toys, exploration, just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn. The same is true of fish.One of the things we re finding is that fish arc naturally curious and seek novel things out, said Dr. Braithwaite. In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help get rid o

39、f depression, she urges introducing new objects to the tank or switching the locations of items.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。最新科学研究发现鱼也会有抑郁情绪， 这颠覆了人们以往的认知。12. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Fish arc considered simple living things.B. Pets and owners are always assumed to be the same.C. Scientists have learn

40、t a lot about fish cognition.D. Fish and human beings have something in common.D 段落大意题。根据文章第三段中的“building a case that pets and owners are not nearly as different as many assumed”及“The neurochemistry is so similar that its scary”可推知，该段主要讲鱼和人类有一些共同之处，应选D。13. What does the underlined word “withdrawn” i

41、n paragraph 6 probably mean?A. Quiet and shy.B. Happy and excited.C. Interested and careful.D. Disappointed and surprised.A 词义猜想题。根据画线词所在句 “jusl like clinically depressed people who are wilhdrawn”可知，该画线词描述患抑郁症的人的特点，结合常识可推知，A 项（安静且羞怯）符合语境。14. Why can fish become bored according to the text?A. They ne

42、ed oxygen from the air.B. They are not born to be curious.C. They lack new things to explore.D. They can* t locate the positions of items.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“One of the things. seek novel things out”及 “ To help get rid of depression, she urges introducing new objects ” 可4隹次口， 鱼有厌烦情绪的原因是其没有新奇的事物去探索，因此选C

43、。15. What might be the best title for the text?A. Fish Depression Is Not a Joke.B. Fish Can Be a Boring Pet.C. Fish Need More Better Care.D. Fish Cognition Does Not Exist.A 标题归纳题。根据文章首段中的“Can a fish be depressed? ”，第三段 中的 u When I sought answers from scientists, I assumed that they would find the qu

44、estion ridiculous, but they did not. v 及第六段中的The same is true of fish.“可 知，全文的主题是鱼也会抑郁，故A项“鱼会抑郁不是一个笑话”可作文章的 最正确标题。II.阅读七选五（2021山东局部重点中学综合考试）Criticism （批评）is harmful to healthy relationships. Its okay to express disappointment if someone is behaving in a way that hurts you .1 The following are some w

45、ays to catch criticism before itbegins.2 Before you criticize, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything at all. If someone did something to get on your nerves, would you really need to point it out? Sometimes, its best to let small rudeness go . Take a few deep breaths and leave th

46、e room instead of criticizing.Be realistic. Critical people often have very high expectations of those around them. Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others. Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others. 3Separate the individuals fro

47、m their actions. Critical people often focus on the negative aspects of a situation or a person, failing to see good qualities alongside negative ones. If you find yourself making assumptions about a person s character, stop yourself. 4 We all behave poorly sometimes, but a single action is not a re

48、flection of the character.Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being critical results from how you rc choosing to see a situation. 5 However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones. Try to focus on a person* s positive qualities over their negative ones.A. Never criticize others.B. Think before you speak.C. Everyone has drawbacks and imperfections.D. It may be a good idea to adjust your expectations.E. We should focus on other peoples disappointing actions.F. Try to separate a disappointing action