2022年月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案.docx

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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Part I Writing 30 minutes Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it .You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part Reading Comprehension 4

2、0 minutes Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identif

3、ied by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation f

4、or smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26_ Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Paci

5、fic Ocean blurred by the haze 霾）.Nor is the states bad air 27_ to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents hearts and lungs are affected as a 28_. All of which, combined with California s reputation as the home of technological 29

6、_ , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30_ And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31_ to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32_ air poll

7、ution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices. To this end, Aclima has been 33_ with Googles Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclimas boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco s transit workers went on 2

8、022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题试题二完整版 第 1 页 共 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 第 1 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -strike and the citys 34_ were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “ cycle to their job by 35_ pollution lows. AassistedBcollaboratingCconsequenc

9、eD）consumersEcreatingFdetailGdomesticH frequentlyI inhabitantsJ innovationK intendedL outdoorM pollutantsN restrictedO sumSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Iden

10、tify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their Homework A Digita

11、l learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that s replacing 一 and sometimes joiningexpensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that

12、are required to complete coursework and submit assignments. BThe codeswhich typically range in price from $80 to $ 155 per coursegive students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers

13、, have boasted that their new online offerings,when pushed to students through universities they partner with,represent the future of the industry. CBut critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos 观念of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt ou

14、t of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid. D “ When we talk about access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly 垄断）, a new 2022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题试题二完整版 第 2 页 共 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 第 2 页,共 10

15、 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -way to lock students around this system ,” said Ethan Senack,the higher education advocate for the U. S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. “ Rather than $250 for a print textbook you,re payi

16、ng $120,” said Senack. But because it,s all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out. ESanna Harper, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma whe

17、n she first started college in 2022pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access t

18、he program cost $ 120a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching. FShe decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $150 - $200, to pay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. “ Its a b

19、alancing act,“ Can I really afford these access codes now.” She didn t hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade. G The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, theyre the future. McGraw H

20、ill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2022. The company said that 45% of its $140 million revenue in 2022 “ was derived from digital products” .HA Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News tha

21、t “ digital materials are less expensive and a good investment ” that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didnt respond to

22、 a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that over ” .“ in higher education, the era of the printed textboIThe textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. “ These digital 2022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题试题二完整版 第 3 页 共 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习

23、资料 第 3 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -products aren t just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features,n David Anderson, the executive director of higher education with the Association of American P

24、ublishers, told BuzzFeed News. w It helps students understand in a way that you can t do with print homework assignments. ”JDavid Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News tha

25、t he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesnt require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. “ I try to make things as inexpensive as possible,” said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but desi

26、gns his own curriculum. “ The online systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like I m giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most. ”K A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $500 -

27、 $600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didnt require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $900 on access codes to books and programs. “ Thats two months of rent,” she said. “ You cant sell any of traditional textbook y

28、ou can sell it for $30 - $50 and that helps to pay for your new semesters books. With an access code, youre out of that money. LBenjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that “ it s ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we h

29、ave to pay for all these access codes to do our homework” . Many of the access codes he s purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. “ Oftenits only 10% of your grade in class,” he said. “ Youre paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade 一 but if you

30、didn t have it ,it would affect your grade enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C. n Wolverton said he spent $500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester. M Harper, a poultry 家禽） science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to han

31、d in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $20 each. But her access codes for homework, which cant be rented or bought second-hand, were her 2022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题试题二完整版 第 4 页 共 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 第 4 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习

32、资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -most expensive purchases: $120 and $85. N She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices. “ We don t really have a missed assignment policy, ” she said. “ If you miss it,you just miss it. I just got zeros on a coupl

33、e of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at their grades,its not fun.”36.A students yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months. 37.The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system

34、. 38.If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments. 39.McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks. 40.Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will b

35、e the future of the publishing business. 41.One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition. 42.Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed books according to a publisher. 43.One student decided not to buy her a

36、ccess code until she received the pay for her part-time job. 44.Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students. 45.Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business. Section C Directions

37、: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. P

38、assage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it 2022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题试题二 完整版 第 5 页 共 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 第 5 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - -

39、- - - - - - - - - - - -to someone else. While we teach,we learn,” said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They re documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction. Rese

40、archers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who re learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves, t

41、each others. One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-bom siblings 兄弟姐妹） .This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply

42、this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic. But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the “ teachable agent ” a computerized character who learns, tries, mak

43、es mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer “ taught ” scientists have created an animated 动画的） figure called Bettys Brain, who has been environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials. While

44、 preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own thinking. Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors learning. The agents questions compel student tutors to thin

45、k and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action. Above all ,it s the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail,but happy when these

46、virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else s accomplishment. 46. What are researchers rediscovering through their studies. ASenecas thinking is still applicable today. BBetter learners will become better teachers. CHuman intelligence tends to grow with age. DPhilo

47、sophical thinking improves instruction. 2022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题试题二完整版 第 6 页 共 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -47. What do we learn about Bettys Brain. AIt is a character in a popular animation. BIt is a teaching tool under dev