2022年一级建造师《建筑工程》必背点详解防水工程施工质量问题处理 .pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载2017 一建建筑工程必背点详解：防水工程施工质量问题处理。本文考点属于高频考点，针对此考点，小编为大家整理了精华知识点以及经典试题。希望小编微薄之力能帮到大家备考哦，考前快速提升通关能力!知识点：防水工程施工质量问题处理【考频指数】【考点精讲】一、防水混凝土施工缝渗漏水的原因及防治措施1.原因：(1)施工缝留的位置不当。(2)在支模和绑钢筋的过程中，掉入缝内的杂物没有及时清除。浇筑上层混凝土后，在新旧混凝土之间形成夹层。(3)在浇筑上层混凝土时，未按规定处理施工缝，上、下层混凝土不能牢固粘结。(4)钢筋过密，内外模板距离狭窄，混凝土浇捣困难，施工质量不易保证。(5)下料方法

2、不当，骨料集中于施工缝处。(6)浇筑地面混凝土时，因工序衔接等原因造成新老接槎部位产生收缩裂缝。2.治理措施：(1)根据渗漏、水压大小情况，采用促凝胶浆或氰凝灌浆堵漏。(2)不渗漏的施工缝，可沿缝剔成八字形凹槽，将松散石子剔除，刷洗干净，用水泥素浆打底，抹1：2.5 水泥砂浆找平压实。二、防水混凝土裂缝渗漏水原因及治理措施1.原因：(1)混凝土搅拌不均匀，或水泥品种混用，收缩不一产生裂缝。学习好资料欢迎下载(2)设计中，对土的侧压力及水压作用考虑不周，结构缺乏足够的强度。(3)由于设计或施工等原因产生局部断裂或环形裂缝。2.治理措施：(1)采用促凝胶浆或氰凝灌浆堵漏。(2)对不渗漏的裂缝，可用

3、灰浆或用水泥压浆法处理。(3)对于结构所出现的环形裂缝，可采用埋入式橡胶止水带、后埋式止水带、粘贴式氯丁胶片以及涂刷式氯丁胶片等方法。三、管道穿墙(地)部位渗漏水原因及措施1.原因：(1)穿墙(地)管道周围混凝土浇筑困难，振捣不密实。(2)没有认真清除穿墙(地)管道表面锈蚀层，致使穿墙(地)管道不能与混凝土粘结严密。(3)穿墙(地)管道接头不严或用有缝管，水渗入管内后，又从管内流出。(4)在施工或使用中穿墙(地)管道受振松动，与混凝土间产生缝隙。(5)热力管道穿墙部位构造处理不当，致使管道在温差作用下，因往返伸缩变形而与结构脱离，产生裂缝。2.治理措施：(1)对于水压较小的常温管道穿墙(地)渗

4、漏水采用直接堵漏法处理：沿裂缝剔成八字形边坡沟槽，采用水泥胶浆将沟槽挤压密实，达到强度后，表面做防水层。(2)对于水压较大的常温管道穿墙(地)渗漏水采用下线堵漏法处理：沿裂缝剔成八字形边坡沟槽，挤压水泥胶浆同时留设线孔或钉孔，使漏水顺孔眼流出。经检查无渗漏后，沿沟槽抹素浆、砂浆各一道，待其有强度后再按(1)堵塞漏水孔眼，文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8

5、R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L

6、8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8

7、L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB

8、8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:C

9、B8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:

10、CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码

11、:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3学习好资料欢迎下载最后再把整条裂缝做好防水层。(3)热力管道穿内墙部位出现渗漏水时，可将穿管孔眼剔大，采用埋设预制半圆混凝土套管进行处理。(4)热力管道穿外墙部位出现渗漏水，修复时需将地下水位降至管道标高以下，用设置橡胶止水套的方法处理。【经典例题】1.下面关于卷材屋面流淌的说法错误的是()。A.中等流淌占屋面20%-60%B.流淌长度 23cm

12、的属于轻微流淌C.严重流淌时流淌面积占屋面50%以上D.流淌面积小于 20%属于轻微流淌【答案】A【解析】本题考查的是防水工程施工质量问题处理。选项A 中等流淌的面积应占屋面 20%50%.2.下面关于卷材屋面流淌的治理错误的是()。A.采用接槎法，应铲除槎口边缘200mm处的保护层B.接槎法最后应将表面一层新卷材搭入旧卷材100mm C.搭槎法将旧卷材切成台阶形槎口D.钉钉子法可在卷材的上部离屋脊300 450mm范围内钉三排 50mm 长圆钉【答案】B【解析】本题考查的是防水工程施工质量问题处理。选项B 新卷材应搭入旧卷材 150mm.文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6

13、O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D

14、6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2

15、D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W

16、2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4

17、W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J

18、4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9

19、J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3学习好资料欢迎下载3.问题：屋面卷材起鼓的成因是什么?卷材起鼓大小不一应如何治理?【答案】屋面卷材起鼓原因：在卷材防水层中粘结

20、不实的部位，窝有水分和气体;正好本案例中屋面卷材施工正值盛夏，气温相对比较高，当受到太阳照射后，体积膨胀，造成鼓泡。卷材起鼓大小不一，根据鼓泡大小分三种情况进行处理：(1)直径 100mm以上的中、小鼓泡可用抽气灌胶法治理，并压上几块砖，几天后再将砖移去即成。(2)直径 100300mm的鼓泡可先铲除鼓泡处的保护层，再用刀将鼓泡按斜十字形割开，放出鼓泡内气体，擦干水，清除旧胶结料，用喷灯把卷材内部吹干。随后按顺序把 1 日卷材分片重新粘贴好，再新贴一块方形卷材(其边长比开刀范围大 100mm)，压入卷材下;最后，粘贴覆盖好卷材，四边搭接好，并重做保护层。上述分片铺贴顺序是按屋面流水方向先下再左

21、右后上的顺序进行。(3)直径更大的鼓泡用割补法治理。先用刀把鼓泡卷材割除，放出鼓泡内气体，擦干水，清除旧胶结料，用喷灯把卷材内部吹干。再用喷灯烘烤旧卷材槎口，并分层剥开，除去旧胶结料后，依次粘贴好旧卷材，上铺一层新卷材(四周与旧卷材搭接不小于 100mm)，然后贴上旧卷材。再依次粘贴旧卷材，上面覆盖第二层新卷材，最后粘贴卷材，周边压实刮平，重做保护层。以上是学尔森小编整理的2017 一建建筑工程必背点详解：防水工程施工质量问题处理。学尔森一级建造师频道会持续为大家整理一级建造师各科目考试精华考点、干货资料以及仿真试题。更多习题可下载，海量高质习题等你来挑战!文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3

22、HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3

23、 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E

24、3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6

25、E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N

26、6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10

27、N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3文档编码:CB8L8R10N6E3 HL9J4W2D6O9 ZN2R10T9D10B3