2022年高三英语二轮复习非谓语动词学案.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思高三英语其次轮复习学案 编号： 0118 Unit 2 非谓语动词考点一：非谓语动词作主语动词不定式和动名词可用作句子的主语；不定式表示某一详细的,特别是未发生的动作；动名词表示抽象的、泛指的动作,特别是一般行为倾向；两者可位于句首,也可用 it 作形 式主语,而把不定式或动名词置于后面；To get up early is necessary. It s not easy to work out the problem.Finding work is difficult these days. It is

2、 no use crying over spilt milk. 考点二：非谓语动词作宾语 动词不定式和动名词可用作宾语；afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, expect, fail, hope, manage, promise, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish 等动词后要接不定式作宾语；He failed to attract her attention. come,get,grow 后接不定式作宾语时,意为“ 逐步地 ” ；She has a hot temper,but you will grow to like

3、her. admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, risk, resist, suggest 等动词后要接动名词作宾语；I admit breaking the window. burst out,cant stand,end up, give up,feel like ,keep on,insist on,look forward to ,put off ,devote.to,object to

4、 ,be busyin,get down to ,have difficulty/troublein,have a good/wonderful/hard timein ,have fun 等短语后要接动名词作宾语；He didn t want to end up going home alone.以下动词或短语后接不定式和动名词作宾语时,意义上有所不同；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Remember to post the letter for me on your way

5、 to school. 请你在上学的路上记住替我把这封信寄出去；I remember turning off the light before I left the office. 我记得在离开办公室前关上了灯；动词 like ,love,prefer,hate,continue 等后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可；但如表示经常性的动作要用动名词,如表示详细的行为要用不定式；I like swimming ,but I dont like to swim this afternoon.注：在 prefer.to.结构中用动名词,而在 I prefer walking there to taking

6、 a bus. prefer.rather than.结构中就用不定式；I prefer to walk there rather than take a bus. 动词 need,require,want 作 “需要 ” 解时,其后要用动名词的主动语态或不定式的被动语态作宾语；与此相同用法的动词仍有 deserve “值得 ”；The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 形容词worth 后要接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,它不同于worthy 的用法；The Summer Palace is worth visiting. The Summer Pal

7、ace is worthy of being visited/to be visited. 介词后一般要接动名词作宾语；但介词 动词 do,不定式就要省略 to；but/except 后接不定式作宾语时,如前面有实义Upon arriving at the airport ,he delivered an important speech. It has no choice but to lie down and sleep. 动词如 find, feel,think ,expect,consider,make 等后可接不定式作宾语,但宾语后要 接形容词或名词作宾语补足语,而且要用 it 作形

8、式宾语；He found it difficult to work out the problem. 考点三：非谓语动词作宾语补足语动词不定式和分词用作宾语补足语； tell,want,wish,advise,order,get,require, expect, remind,persuade,encourage, convince, force, beg, allow, forbid 等动词后可接不定式作宾语补足语；My doctor advised me to take a rest. 使役动词have,let,make 等后面可接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语；I like him be

9、cause he makes me laugh. 名师归纳总结 感官动词feel, hear,see,watch,notice,observe,listen to ,look at 等后面可接不带to第 2 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语；Did you notice anyone go into the house. have,keep,leave,find ,catch, send等动词后可接现在分词作宾语补足语；She kept me waiting for o

10、ver 20 minutes. want, like, wish, order, have, make, get, keep,leave,see,hear,find,feel,notice,observe,watch 等 动词后仍可接过去分词作宾语补足语；I wish the office painted white before I move in. 考点四：非谓语动词作定语动词不定式、动名词和分词可用作定语；不定式作定语一般表示将来的动作,但修饰有序数词或形容词最高级限定的名词时,就 表示已完成的动作；I have a lot of things to do today. She was

11、the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 不定式作定语时有时要用主动形式表示被动意思；Do you have anything to take home. 动名词作定语通常表示中心词的用途；He had a very expensive walking stick. 现在分词作定语,通常表示与先行词之间是主动关系,且分词动作正在发生；过去分词 就表示被动关系,且分词动作已经完成或陈述中心词的状态；Do you know the man talking to Tom. Do you know all the peopl

12、e invited to the party. All the broken windows have been repaired. 考点五：非谓语动词作状语 动词不定式和分词可用作状语；不定式可用作目的状语；He sat down to have a rest. 不定式在以下结构中作结果状语；adj./adv.enoughto do. tooadj ./adv.to do. soadj./adv.as to do. He was so careless as to forget to lock the door. 不定式可用来表示意想不到的结果,仍可用 only to do 结构；He le

13、ft ,never to return. He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet. 不定式可作评注性状语,用以修饰整个句子；To be honest,I know nothing about it. 分词可用作时间、缘由、结果、条件、让步、方式、相伴状语；当分词与句子的主语之间是主动关系时,用现在分词；如是被动关系,要用过去分词；She got home,feeling exhausted. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读

14、而精思She got home, exhausted. 现在分词仍可作评注性状语,表示说话人的态度,此时现在分词与句子的主语无关；常见的说法有 :generally speaking一般来说 ” ；frankly speaking坦白地说 ”； judging from.根“据 来判定 ”；considering.考虑到 ” 等；Judging from his accent ,he is Canadian. 考点六：非谓语动词作表语动词不定式、动名词和分词可用作表语；The first step is to check the victims breathing.My hobby is gr

15、owing flowers. This experience is thrilling. He was thrilled at the sight of the scene. 高频考点：考点七：非谓语动词的几种特别结构不定式的复合结构“for/of名词 代词 不定式 ”构成不定式的复合结构；It s expensive for people to use electricity for cooking. It s careless of you to make such a mistake.动名词的复合结构动名词之前有时要加上自己的规律主语构成复合结构,代词,有时也可用名词或宾格代词；规律主语

16、可用名词的全部格或物主I cant imagine George sailing across the ocean in a boat. My coming back home late made my mother very angry. 分词的独立主格结构 当分词的规律主语不是句子的主语时 ,就要给分词加上自己的主语 ,构成独立主格结构；Weather permitting , well play golf this afternoon.Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. “疑问词不定式” 结构 When and where to h

17、old the meeting is not known yet. I didnt know whether to laugh or cry about it.with 的复合结构 In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person. The thief was brought in with his hands tied back. With five minutes to go before the last train left 考点八：非谓语动词的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态, we a

18、rrived at the station. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思He refused to be taken abroad. It happened to be raining hard when the accident occurred. He is generally considered to have invented the telephone. No harm seems to have been done. 动名词的时态和语态He went awa

19、y without saying anything. He narrowly escaped being drowned. I m sorry for having wasted so much of your time.I forgot having been given a Christmas gift years ago. 现在分词的时态和语态Not knowing her address ,I wasn t able to contact her.I saw him being taken away when I passed by his house. Having bought o

20、ur tickets ,we went into the theatre. Having been told many times ,he still repeated the same mistake. 高考链接：A 组20XX 年s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank 1全国卷 With Father_ presents for my dad. A buy B to buy C buying Dto have bought 2全国卷 Though _ to see us, the professor

21、gave us a warm welcome. A surprise B was surprised Csurprised D being surprised 3北京卷 _ at my classmates s, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A Looking BLook CTo look DLooked 4 四川卷 A great number of students _ said they were forced to practice the piano. A to question Bto be questioned C ques

22、tioned Dquestioning 5. 四川卷 In many people opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant _. A to deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with 6安徽卷 He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -

23、- 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A travel B to travel C traveled Dtraveling 7江西卷 There were many talented actors out there just waiting_. A to discover B to be discovered Cdiscovered Dbeing discovered 8湖南卷 Listen. Do you hear someone _ for help. A calling Bcall Cto call Dcalled 9湖南卷 Dina, _ for months to find a

24、 job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A struggling Bstruggled Chaving struggled D to struggle 10福建卷 In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A sticking Bstuck C to be stuck Dto have stuck 11浙江卷 The traffic rule says yo

25、ung children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A being weighed Bto weigh Cweighed DWeighing 12辽宁卷 Alexander tried to get his work _ in the medical circles. A to recognize B recognizing Crecognize Drecognized 13山东卷 The living room is clean and tidy, with

26、a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A laid Blaying Cto lay Dbeing laid 14陕西卷 _ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. A Seen BSeeing CHave seen DTo see 15天津卷 It rained heavily in the south, _ serious flooding in several provinces. A caused Bhaving

27、caused Ccausing Dto cause B 组20XX 年1全国卷 Now that weve discussed our problem,are people happy with the decisions _？Ataking Btake C taken Dto take 2四川卷 Ladies and gentlemen,please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. Aseated B seating Cto seat Dseat 3天津卷 _ the project in time ,the sta

28、ff were working at weekends. A Competing B Having completed CTo have completed DTo complete 4山东卷 We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday. A to be held Bheld Cbeing held Dholding 5江西卷 _ the right kind of training into international stars. ,these teenage soccer players may one day grow A G

29、iving BHaving given C To give DGiven 6浙江卷 There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A indicate B indicating Cto indicate Dto be indicating 7湖南卷 Every evening after dinner ,if not _ from work ,I will spend some time walking my dog. 名师归纳总结 - - - - -

30、 - -第 6 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A being tired B Tiring Ctired D to be tired 8湖南卷 At the age of 29 ,Dave was a worker ,_ in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future. A living ；wondering Blived ；wondering Clived；wondered Dliving ；wondered 9福建卷 _ not to

31、 miss the flight at 15 20,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A Reminding B Reminded CTo remind DHaving reminded 10陕西卷 I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. Ato take Bto be taken Ctaking Dbeing taken 课堂巩固练习：1Bluetooth is an internationally standardized technology _

32、 short distance wireless communication. A supportingBsupported Cto support Dsupports 2All flights _ because of the snowstorm ,many passengers could do nothing but take the train. Ahad been canceled Bhave been canceled Chaving been canceled Dbeing canceled 3Studies show the electronic devices people

33、have made much use of _ music may be causing hearing loss in many people. A enjoy Bto enjoy Cenjoying Denjoyed 4 Have you ever heard of an American president called Chester Arthur. No,and he s not mentioned in my history book at all. He seems _. A to have been completely forgotten C to have complete

34、ly forgotten Bhaving completely forgotten Dcompletely forgetting 5More than 120 pro- Taleban militants and five Pakistani soldiers are said _ during the fighting in the past week. A to die Bto be dying C to be died Dto have died 6When the spy gave the secret plan to Jane,she said that Tom was the pe

35、rson _. A to send Bfor sending it Cto send it to Dfor sending it to 7Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan beforehand. A his being not able Bhim not to be able Chis not being able Dhim to be not able 8_ the public schools with the private schools ,the guidebook gives us a cl

36、ear idea about the differences between them. A Having compared BCompared CTo compare DTo be compared 9Last Monday , a violent crime broke out in that country ,_ 14 innocent people and with more than 200 _. A killed ；injured Bkilling ；injured Ckilled ；injuring Dkilling ；injuring 10“I won t have it _

37、that we are responsible for Mr. Wang death. It ssunfair ！” the director told the reporters.A said Bsaying Cto say Dsays 11_ that her mother would come back soon ,the girl calmed down. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A Having convinced BBeing convinced C Con

38、vincing DConvinced 12Hillary Clinton arrived in Beijing yesterday, _ the start of her short visit to China. Amarked Bhaving marked Cmarking Dto mark 13Such a chance, once _,might never come again. A losing Bbeing lost Clost Dto be lost 14I d rather h ave a house of my own than _ one with someone els

39、e ,no matter how small it is. A to share Bsharing Cshare Dhave shared 15_ by a greater demand for green products ,the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality. A Driven BBeing driven CTo drive DHaving driven 16 Whats the matter with Tim.Oh. His electronic dictionary was left in a

40、taxi accidentally,never _ again. A to find Bto be found Cfinding Dbeing found 17We rushed to the football court ,only to see a sign _ into the ground reading PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 定期修理 A knocked B knocking Cto be knocked Dbeing knocked 18Henry cant attend the party _ at Toms house at present because

41、he is preparing tomorrows presentatioA hold Bto hold Cto be held D being held 19Try _ the green button to see if the machine will start. A press Bto press Cpressing Dto have pressed 20_ with the threat of water shortages ,Beijing and Shanghai are taking effective measures to save water and protect w

42、ater resources. A Face BFaced CFacing DTo face 经典范文背诵作文题目：2022 高考全国卷 假设你是李华,你的美国笔友 Peter 曾表示期望来中国教书；你校现需聘请外教,请给他写封信,告知聘请信息；内容主要包括：1教授课程：英语口语、英语写作、今日美国、今日英国等；2授课对象：高中生 至少三年英语基础 ；3工作量：每周 12 学时,任选三门课；担任同学英语俱乐部或英语校报顾问 advisor ；留意：1字数 100 左右；2可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；3开头语已为你写好,请将完整的回信书写在答题卡上；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第

43、 8 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思* Dear Peter,I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China._ _ Best,Li Hua 经典范文：Dear Peter,I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China. Our school now is looking for a native speaker to teach some courses to senior high students. If you come, y