高考英语阅读理解含译文翻译 孟轲悔过.docx

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1、高考英语阅读理解含译文翻译孟轲悔过孟轲悔过Meng Ke Mends His Ways题目解析 题目一般用现在时。此处悔过还可译作repents , 但不宜译作regrets ,因regrets只有后悔之心，无悔过之意。孟子是我国古代一个大学问家。他姓孟名轲。幼时家境贫穷，生 活困难。不幸在他三岁的时候，父亲去世了，母子无依无靠，处 境更加艰难。怎么办呢？孟母向人借了一架机杼，靠织布维持生 计。Mencius was a great scholar of ancient China. His family name was Meng and his given name was Ke. Bor

2、n into a poor family, he led a hard life in his early childhood. At the age of three, he lost his father. With no one to support them, mother and son found life still more difficult. What was to be done? Meng s mother borrowed a loom and began to weave for a living.机杼一loom，织布机，其动词也很常用。前两句也可以合并，译作 Me

3、ng Ke , generally known as Mencius , was a great scholar of ancient Chinao“不幸在他三岁的时候，父亲去世了，母子无依无靠，处境更加 艰难。应拆译为两个独立的句子，干净利落。“怎么办呢？译作What to do或How to do都是不对的。 这些短语只能构成句子的一局部，如Tell me what t。d。，而 不能独立成句。此处译为了 What was to be done?孟轲慢慢长大了。但他非常贪玩，不爰读书学习。有一天，还不 到放学的时候，他悄悄溜出学堂，跑回家来。As he grew older, Meng K

4、e still loved to play and hated to study. One day, he slipped out of school and went home before classes were over.孟轲慢慢长大了 此处需抓住原文的真正含义，此时孟轲尚 未长大成人，故不可译作Meng Ke gradually grew upo而是 译作了 As he grew older, Meng Ke。此外，请注意，在这个 句子里，英语先出代词he ,后出实体词Meng Ke ,而在汉语里 一般是先出实体词，后出代词。孟母发现孟轲提前逃学回来，非常生气，她从织布机上站起来，

5、严肃地问儿子：你又逃学 ？孟轲看了看母亲，低下头，说：念书没意思，我不念了 ！Finding that Meng Ke was playing truant, the mother was indignant. She rose from the loom and said to her son in a serious tone, So you are playing truant again! Meng Ke cast a glance at his mother and lowered his head, saying, “I find my lessons dull. I am goi

6、ng to give up.” play truant (BrE)(NAmE informal play hooky)- to stay away from school without permission- B广课;逃学你又逃学So you are playing truant again!学堂里 仍在上课，孟轲逃学，溜了出来，所以母亲说的这句话用现在进 行时比拟好。孟轲看了看母亲，低下头，说-Meng Ke cast a glance at his mother and lowered his head, sayingo 止匕处有三个动词， 译文把前两个处理为并列的动词，后一个用了非谓语

7、动词形式进 行处理。念书没意思，我不念了 ！ 一 I find my lessons dull. I am going to give up.此句假设在中间用so之类的连词把两句连成 一句，还不如用两个独立的短句简洁有力。孟母一听，气得浑身哆嗦，拿起剪刀把没有织完的绸子剪断了。母亲的行动惊呆了孟轲，他睁着惊愕的眼睛，不知如何是好。Hearing this, his mother shook with anger. She took a pair of scissors and cut through the silk on the loom.Confounded by his mother7

8、s action, Meng Ke gazed at her in bewilderment, not knowing what to do.bewilderment noun U a feeling of being completely confused- 迷惘；困惑；迷乱 to look / stare in bewilderment 迷惑地看着/盯着孟母一听，气得浑身哆嗦，拿起剪刀，把没有织完的绸子剪断 了。”此句信息较多，应恰当断句，译文在“拿起剪刀处另起 一句。一Hearing this, his mother shook with anger. She took a pair o

9、f scissors and cut through the silk on the loom.母亲的行动惊呆了孟轲，他睁着惊愕的眼睛，不知如何是好。 此句可考虑用分词短语进行处理。-Confounded by his mother1 s actions, Meng Ke gazed at her in bewilderment, not knowing what to do.他睁着惊愕的眼睛Meng Ke gazed at her in bewildermento 也可译作 gazed at her with wide open eyes，但不能说 with widely open eyes

10、0请注意这段译文在句首和句末用了现在分词或过去分词一而没 有用一连串的谓语动词。孟母痛心地指着那一根根丝线，语重心长地说：你看，这绸子 是一根根丝线用力气织起来的。人的学问是一点一滴慢慢积累起 来的。你不读书，荒废学业，就如同我剪断了这没织成的一匹绸 子一样，是件废品。你不读书，怎么能长大成才呢！ His mother pointed at the loose silk threads, and said with feeling, /zLook! With toil, silk is woven thread by thread, and knowledge is accumulated b

11、it by bit. Your giving up school is just like my cutting this bolt of unfinished silk. Such silk is of no use. And how can you be of use when you grow up if you stop studying?bolt noun a long piece of cloth wound in a roll around a piece of cardboard- -匹布请注意孟母说的话如何进行内部衔接。现在的译法是把your giving up school

12、和my cutting这两件事情相比。也可以把 人与绸子相比，译作 If you give up school ,you II be just like the silk I have cut , which is uselesso你不读书，怎么能长大成才呢！此句应考虑如何将前后两部 分进行衔接。原文前后两局部并无连词相连，在英语里，只有用 了连词 if ,才能译成一句。And how can you be of use when you grow up if you stop studying?”孟轲听了母亲的话，看着那剪断了的丝绸和伤心的妈妈，心里难 过极了。他觉得母亲的话说得有理，自己确

13、实不对，于是惭愧地说：请母亲原谅我。我错了，今后坚决改掉毛病，努力读书学Hearing this and looking at the severed silk and his heartbroken mother, Meng Ke was con science-stricken. He realized that his mother was right and he was wrong. He said shamefacedly, “Please pardon me, mother. V m wrong. V m determined to overcome this weakness

14、of mine and work hard at my studies.z, conscience-stricken adjfeeling very guilty about something that you have done wrong 良心不安的，受 良心谴责的：I hurried home, conscience-stricken at leaving mother alone.我急匆匆地赶 回家，把母亲一个人留在家让我良心不安。shamefaced adj. feeling or looking ashamed because you have done sth bad or s

15、tupid-面带愧色的；羞惭的；惭 愧的a shamefaced smile 惭愧的笑容“惭愧地-shamefacedly ,可以改用ashamedly，但不能用 shamefully （可耻）。从此之后，孟轲变了。他再也没有逃过学，日夜苦读，钻研各家 学说，终于成为我国封建时期的一位大思想家。From that time on Meng Ke was quite another person. He never played truant again. Instead, he worked day and night, studying the doctrines of the variou

16、s schools, and finally became one of the great thinkers of feudal China.doctrine noun C, U a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, a political party, etc.-教义;主义;学 说；信条:Christian doctrine基督教教义重点表达我国古代一个大学问家 a great scholar of ancient China姓 family name名 given name怎么办呢？ What was to be

17、done?靠织布维持生计weave for a living悄悄溜出学堂slipped out of school还不到放学的时候before classes were over逃学 play truant气得浑身哆嗦shook with anger睁着惊愕的眼睛 gazed at sb in bewilderment一根根丝线织起来的is woven thread by thread一点一滴慢慢积累起来的is accumulated bit by bit长大成才 be of use when sb grow up从止匕之后 From that time on日夜苦读 work day and night钻研各家学说 study the doctrines of the various schools我国封建时期feudal Chinao