2022年中考英语：形容词和副词考点归纳 .pdf

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1、1 中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳中考英语对形容词和副词的考查非常广泛，既可能考查形容词和副词的用法区别，也可能考查相似形容词和副词的用法辨析;既可能考查比较等级的构成与用法，也可能考查比较等级的搭配与修饰词;既可能从语法角度考查其用法，也可能设置特定的语境进行考查。因此，同学们在复习时，一定要引起足够的重视。一、考查形容词词缀构成【真题链接】用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(2016 年荆州卷)Im busy these days.Hanging out with friends is almost(possible)for me now.2.(2016 年长春卷)The seat is har

2、d and(comfortable)to sit on,so I have a sore back.3.(2016 年上海卷)Be(care)not to touch the paintings in the museum.Mum said.4.(2016 年扬州卷)We are sorry to hear that you are not(satisfy)with your new car.【解析】1.impossible。句意为:这些天我很忙。和朋友出去闲逛对我来说几乎是不可能的。根据句意可知，空格处应填possible 的反义词impossible。2.uncomfortable。句意为

3、:这个座位很硬并且坐在上面不舒服，所以我背痛。根据句意可知，空格处应填comfortable 的反义词 uncomfortable。3.careful。根据语境可知，空格处应填形容词，care 是名词，其形容词形式是careful。4.satisfied。be satisfied with 意为“对感到满意”，satisfy 的形容词形式为satisfied。【知识链接】中考对形容词词缀的考查主要包括:表示否定意义的形容词前缀有un-,im-,in-,ir-,dis-等。如:necessary-unnecessary;polite-impolite;correct-incorrect;regu

4、lar-irregular;honest-dishonest。表示肯定意义的形容词后缀有-ful,-al,-y,-able,-ed 等。如:help-helpful;nature-natural;health-healthy;comfort-comfortable;worry-worried。表示否定意义的形容词后缀有-less 等。如:use-useless;end-endless。二、考查形容词和形容词短语辨析(一)各个选项词义不同【真题链接】1.(2017 年安徽卷)My deskmate is really.She likes to attend different activitie

5、s after school.A.active B.quiet C.lazy D.honest 2.(2017 年德州卷)As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test,I felt at once.A.angry B.relaxed C.afraid D.nervous【解析】1.A。句意为:我的同桌真活跃，放学后她喜欢参加不同的活动。active 意为“积极的，活跃的”，符合语境。2.B。根据语境可知，主句意为:我立即感到很放松，relaxed 意为“放松的，得到休息的，自在的”，符合语境。【应试技巧】2 分析题干时，注

6、意各个选项的不同词义，同时结合题干的具体语境，从而选出最佳答案。(二)各个选项为近义词【真题链接】3.(2016 年自贡卷)When you feel helpless and，just remember you are not in the world because your friends are around you.A.alone;alone B.alone;lonely C.lonely;alone【解析】3.C。alone 可用作形容词，意为“独自的，单独的”，只能作表语，强调客观上仅一人，无人陪伴;alone 也可用作副词，意为“独自地，单独地”，常作状语。lonely 只作形

7、容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，强调心灵上的孤独寂寞，在句中既可作定语，也可作表语。lonely作定语还可以修饰地点名词，意为“荒凉的，偏僻的”。本题两个空均作表语，第一空强调主观情况，而第二空强调客观情况。故选C。【应试技巧】对于考查近义形容词，我们既要掌握相关近义词的区别，又要把近义词的区别与题干的语境和在空格处的作用紧密结合起来。(三)分词形容词辨析【真题链接】4.(2016 年恩施卷)The show on Zhejiang TV,Running Men,makes lots of people.A.interesting;relaxing B.interesting;relaxed C

8、.interested;relaxed【解析】4.B。句意为:浙江电视台播放的有趣节目奔跑吧兄弟，让许多人感到轻松。第一空应填 interesting，意为“有趣的”，在句中作表语，第二空应填relaxed，意为“感到放松的”，在句中作宾语补足语。故选B。【知识链接】分词形容词指的是V-ing 或过去分词构成的形容词。V-ing 类的形容词常用来描述事物本身的特征，主语通常是物;过去分词构成的形容词常用来描述人对事物的感受，主语通常是人。如:amazing“令人惊异的”,amazed“惊奇的，吃惊的”;boring 无聊的，烦人的”,bored“令人厌烦的”;interesting“有趣的”,

9、interested“感兴趣的”;pleasing“令人愉快的”，pleased“高兴的”;relaxing“令人放松的”，relaxed“放松的”;satisfying“令人满意的”，satisfied“满意的”;surprising“令人惊讶的”，surprised“惊讶的”;tiring“令人厌倦的”，tired“疲劳的”;worrying“令人担心的”,worried“担心的”。(四)形容词短语辨析【真题链接】5.(2016 年烟台卷)Many teenagers dont like to talk with their parents.But I am them.I love to

10、share my joy and sorrow with my parents.A.the same as B.different from C.interested in D.angry with 6.(2015 年德州卷)Who is your favorite singer,Mike?TF Boys.They are very boys and girls.A.proud of B.popular with C.strict with D.worried about【解析】5.B。根据语境可知“但是我与他们不同”，前后句意思转折，故空格处应填different from,3 符合题意。6

11、.B。句意为:迈克，你最喜欢的歌手是谁?是 TF Boys。他们非常受男孩和女孩的欢迎。be popular with 意为“受欢迎”，符合题意。【知识链接】常用的形容词短语有:be/get used to“习惯于”;be afraid of“害怕”;be bad for“对有害”;be busy with“忙于”;be different from“与不同，与有差异”;be excited about“对感到兴奋”;be famous/known as“作为而著名，以而出名”;be good at“在方面做得好，擅长”;be good for“对有益”;be good with“灵巧的，善于

12、应付的”;be interested in“对感兴趣”;be late for“迟到”;be made from“用制造的(从成品中看不出原材料)”;be made of“用制造的(从成品中仍可看得出原材料)”;be proud of“为感到自豪”;be strict in sth.“对某事很严格”;be strict with sb.“对某人严格”;be worried about“对担心”等。三、考查副词的构成【真题链接】用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(2017 年临沂卷)There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change.You shou

13、ld wash your hands(careful),exercise,eat and sleep well.2.(2016 年泰州卷)I m sorry I(complete)forgot that it was your birthday yesterday.Never mind.3.(2016 年长春卷)The math problem isnt difficult,and I can work it out(easy).【解析】1.carefully。句意为:你应该认真地洗手、锻炼、饮食和好好休息。空格处要用副词修饰wash ones hand，在句中作状语，careful 的副词形

14、式为carefully。pletely。句意为:很抱歉，我完全忘记了昨天是你的生日。空格处要用副词修饰后面的动词forgot,complete 的副词形式为completely。3.easily。句意为:这道数学题不难，我能毫不费力地解出来。空格处要用副词修饰work out，在句中作状语，easy的副词形式为easily。【知识链接】形容词加后缀-ly 构成副词，分以下几种情况:大多数词直接在词尾加-ly。如:quiet-quietly。令以-1e 结尾的，去e加-y。如:comfortable-omfortably;以 e 结尾的直接加-1y，如:close-closely，但 true-

15、truly 除外。以辅音字母加y 结尾的要将y 改为 i，再加-1y。如:easy-easily。【温馨提示】部分含有-1y 后缀的是形容词，如:friendly(友好的，友爱的)，lonely(孤独的，寂寞的)，likely(可能的)，lovely(可爱的，美丽的，迷人的)，lively(活泼的，生气勃勃的)，ugly(丑陋的，难看的)等。四、考查副词辨析【真题链接】1.(2017 年安徽卷)There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui,Mount Huang in autumn.A.simply B.finally C.luckily

16、D.especially 2.(2017 年泰安卷)It rained and lasted for a long time yesterday.4 Too bad!Even some streets were full of water.A.hardly B.strongly C.terrible D.heavily 3.(2017 年南京卷)Would you like some green tea?No,thanks.I drink green tea.It hurts my stomach.A.almost B.seldom C.only D.still 4.(2017 年江西卷)Sl

17、eeping is a good thing,but some people sleep.A.easily B.badly C.quickly D.well 5.(2017 年重庆 A 卷)Well have to say goodbye,my dear friends!But I will forget the days we spent together.A.always B.often C.never D.usually 6.(2016 年常州卷)The coach thinks of Marys sports talents,for she jumped very at the spo

18、rts meeting.A.high;high B.highly;highly C.high;highly D.highly;high【解析】1.D。句意为:在安徽有许多美丽的地方值得一游，特别是秋天的黄山。especially 意为“特别地”，符合语境。2.D。句意为:昨天雨下得很大，并且持续了很长时间。太糟糕了!甚至某些街道上都是水。heavily 意为“猛烈地”，符合语境。3.B。句意为:你想要一些绿茶吗?不用，谢谢。我很少喝绿茶。它伤胃。seldom 意为“很少”，符合语境。4.B。句意为:睡眠是一件很好的事，但是一些人睡觉很糟糕。badly 意为“糟糕地”，符合语境。5.C。后句句意

19、为:但是我不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。never 意为“从不”，符合语境。6.D o high“高”，既可作形容词，也可作副词，表示具体意义;highly 只作副词，意为“高度地”，表抽象意义。think highly of 意为“高度地赞扬”，第二句中“她跳得非常高”，表示具体的高，用副词high。故选 D。五、考查形容词与副词辨析【真题链接】1.(2016 年青岛卷)，we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai.A.Lucky B.Luckily C.Unlucky D.Unluckily 2.(2015 年呼和浩特卷)What do you think

20、 of the woman singer?Her voice sounds.I like her songs.A.sweet B.sweetly C.bad D.badly 3.(2015 年凉山卷)The fish tastes，we have eaten it up.It is certain that she cooked it.A.good;well B.well;good C.well;well D.good;good【解析】1.B。句意为:幸运的是，我们在泰山的山顶看到了日出。空格处在句中作状语，结合语境可知，Luckily 符合题意。2.A。句意为:她的声音(听起来)很甜美，我喜

21、欢她的歌曲。系动词sounds之后需要接形容词作表语，结合语境可知，sweet符合题意。3.A。句意为:这鱼尝起来很好，我们把它吃光了。毫无疑问的是她做得好。taste5 作系动词，后常跟形容词作表语;修饰动词cook 要用副词well，在句中作状语。综上所述，选 A。【应试技巧】答题时，我们应该首先分析空格处在句中所作的成分，然后把选项的词义与题干的语境结合起来，从而确定最佳答案。六、考查形容词与副词在句中的位置【真题链接】1.(2017 年长沙卷)There s in the city.Why not have a picnic in the countryside?Great.Dawei

22、shan Mountain might be a good choice.A.interesting something B.nothing interesting C.anything interesting 2.(2015 年龙东卷)All the students in the classroom do their homework.A.enough careful B.careful enough C.carefully enough【解析】1.B。形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置，可排除A 项。依据“Why not have a picnic in the countryside?”可

23、知，前句意思应为:在这个城市里没有什么有趣的，故选B。2.C。句意为:这个班上所有的学生做家庭作业都足够认真。修饰do ones homework 要用副词 carefully,enough 修饰 carefully 要后置，故选C。【知识链接】形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-和-body,-one,-thing 所构成的不定代词时要放在其后。enough用作副词时，一般要放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面。“形容词/副词+enough+to do sth.”为固定结构。七、考查形容词和副词原级的常用句式【真题链接】1.(2017 年宿迁卷)Daniel is his twi

24、n brother.They are both 1.75 metres tall.A.taller than B.shorter than C.as tall as D.so tall as 2.(2016 年鄂州卷)Did John get Number 1 in the math exam?一 Yes,no one did so as him.A.good B.well C.better D.best 3.(2017 年连云港卷)It s really him to drive after drinking so much wine.A.crazy of B.gentle of C.bra

25、ve for D.wise for 4.(2016 年安顺卷)Mom,can I do much work in a short time?Dear,I think you can.A.so;so B.such;so C.so;such D.such;such 5.(2017 年扬州卷)Mrs.White is enough to spend her spare time on our maths problems.A.confident B.curious C.wise D.generous 6.(2017 年泰安卷)一exciting the speech about Belt and R

26、oad was!Of course!It was a really great inspiration to the world.A.How B.What C.How a D.What an【解析】6 1.C。根据后句“他们都是1.75 米高”可知，前句句意为:丹尼尔和他的双胞胎兄弟一样高，C 项与题意相符。2.B。句意为:约翰在数学考试中得了第一名吗?是的，没人做得和他一样好。此处修饰动词did，要用副词，又因为“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as.”为固定句式，故空格处应填副词的原级。3.A。句意为:对他来说，喝了那么多酒后开车是发疯的。crazy 意为“发疯的”，用来描述他的品质

27、，符合语境。4.C。句意为:妈妈，我能在这么短的时间内做这么多的工作吗?亲爱的，我认为你能。so“这么;如此”，常用于形容词和副词之前;such“这么;如此”，常用于名词之前，可数名词前加a或 an，根据句意第一空在much 前用 so，第二空在time 名词前用such。故选 C。5.D。句意为:怀特夫人很慷慨，把她的空闲时间都花在我们的数学问题上。generous 意为“慷慨的，大方的”，符合语境。6.A。根据句式“How 十形容词或副词+主语+谓语!”可知，How 符合题意。【知识链接】形容词和副词原级的常用句式:Its+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.“做某事对某人来说”(

28、形容词描述事物的特征或特点，如 easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,impossible,interesting等)Its+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.“某人做某事是”(形容词描述的是不定式逻辑主语的品质或特征，如good,kind,nice,wise,clever,careful,polite,foolish等)too.to.“太而不能”形容词或副词十enough+to do sth.so+形容词或副词+that 十其他such(+a/an)+形容词+名词+that+其他cant+其他+too+形容词或副词“无论怎样都不为过”as+形

29、容词或副词的原级+as“和一样”not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as+比较对象(表示前者不如后者)What(+a/an)+形容词十名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!How+形容词+a/an+可数名词+主语+谓语!八、考查形容词和副词的比较级(一)在具体语境中考查比较级【真题链接】1.(2017 年安徽卷)What do you think of the movie?Great!I have never seen a one.A.good B.bad C.better D.worse 2.(2017 年德州卷)Ive read through this book sev

30、eral times,but I will read it so as to get better understanding.A.more bravely B.less easily C.less confidently D.more carefully【解析】1.C。根据语境“太棒了!我从来没见过比这更好的了”可知，better与题意相符。2.D。根据语境“以便获得更好的理解”可知，空格处应填more carefully“更加仔细地”，与题意相符。【应试技巧】7 对于在语境中考查比较级，分析语境和空格处是否暗含比较的语气是准确答题的关键。(二)在常用句式中考查比较级【真题链接】1.(201

31、6 年长春卷)I hope my school life of senior high will be than that of junior high.A.more exciting B.very exciting C.as exciting as D.the most exciting 2.(2016 年永州卷)Which subject do you like，English or math?Of course English.A.well B.better C.best 3.(2016 年达州卷)Roy never likes junk food.Neither do I.Thats

32、probably why Im becoming now.A.healthy and weak B.healthier and healthier C.weaker and weaker D.more and more healthily 4.(2017 年青岛卷)we work at English,the better grades we will get.A.Harder B.The hardest C.Hardest D.The harder 5.(2014 年杭州卷)Of the two shirts,Id like to choose the one to save money f

33、or a cap.A.cheapest B.cheaper C.more expensive D.most expensive【解析】1.A。根据 than 可知空格处应用比较级。2.B。问句句式为“Which+谓语+比较级，A or B?”，故选 B。3.B。becoming 后接形容词，由此可排除D 项;此外该句句式为“比较级+and+比较级”，结合语境可知，B 项符合题意。4.D。句意为:我们学习英语越刻苦，就会取得越好的成绩。the+比较级+”是比较级的常见句式，表示“越，就越”。5.B。题干为句式“the+形容词比较级(+其他)+of the two+名词”的省略形式，因此 chea

34、per符合题意。【知识链接】比较级的常用句式:形容词或副词的比较级+than+其他“比更”less+原级+than“比更不;不如”比较级+than+any other+单数名词+其他比较级+than+any+单数名词+其他(不在同一范围内比较);Which/Who+谓语+比较级，A or B?“A 和 B，哪一个更?”;比较级+and+比较级“越来越”;the+比较级(+主语+谓语)，the+比较级(+主语+谓语)“越就越”;the+形容词比较级(+其他)+of the two+名词“两者中较的一个”。九、考查形容词和副词的最高级(一)在语境中考查形容词和副词最高级【真题链接】8 1.(201

35、7 年江西卷)I want to buy a shirt.But I have a little money.The shirts here are all very cheap.And the yellow one is .Do you like it?A.cheap B.cheaper C.the cheapest D.expensive 2.(2016 年巴中卷)This is fascinating town I have ever visited.Yes,Ive never seen a one.A.the worst;bigger B.the most;better C.the b

36、etter;best【解析】1.C。根据语境“这儿的衬衫都很便宜。这件黄色的是最便宜的，你喜欢它吗?”可知，空白处应填形容词的最高级形式。2.B。句意为:这是我参观过的最迷人的城镇。是的，我从没看到过比这更好的。第一空要用最高级，可排除C 项;否定词与比较级连用可表示最高级含义，第二空用比较级。另根据题意，故选B。【应试技巧】当三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较时才使用最高级，这是判断是否应该使用最高级的依据。(二)在句式中考查形容词和副词最高级【真题链接】1.(2016 年临沂卷)Mr.Wang is very friendly to us.He is of all the persons I

37、 know.A.patient B.less patient C.more patient D.the most patient 2.(2015 年广安卷)Who does homework，Tom,Jack or Bill?Bill.A.more carefully B.more careful C.most carefully D.most careful 3.(2016 年乌鲁木齐卷)Do you think Peng Mama is one of first ladies in the world?Yes,she is more attractive than any other fi

38、rst lady.A.the most fascinating;a few B.the fascinating;a lot C.the most fascinating;even D.most fascinating;many【解析】1.D。句意为:他是我认识的最有耐心的人。空格处应用最高级。2.C。Who+谓语+(the)+最高级，A,B or C?为固定句式，意为“A,B,C 三者，哪一个最”。选 C。3.C。句意:你认为彭妈妈是世界上最迷人的第一夫人吗?是的，她甚至比其他所有第一夫人都更有吸引力。“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”意为“最之一”;另外，a lot和 even 可修饰

39、形容词的比较级，但a few 和 many 却不能。综上所述，选C。【知识链接】最高级的常用结构:(the)+最高级+in/of/among+比较范围;Who/Which+谓语+(the)+最高级，A,B or C?“A,B,C 三者，哪一个最”;be one of/among+the+形容词最高级+复数名词“最之一”。9 十、考查形容词和副词比较等级的修饰语【真题链接】1.(2017 年重庆 A 卷)Jane has become much than before.She can express herself in public now.A.brave B.braver C.lazy D.

40、lazier 2.(2016 年广东卷)Among the four seas off the coast of China,East China Sea is the second.A.deep B.deeper C.deepest D.the deepest【解析】1.B。much 修饰比较级，可排除A,C 项。根据语境可知前句意为:简已经变得比以前更加勇敢，空格处应填braver。2.C。句意为:在中国的四大海洋中，东海是第二深的海洋。the second常用于修饰形容词的最高级，表示“第二”，故选 C。【知识链接】常用于修饰比较级的词或短语有:a bit,a little,a lot,

41、any,even,far,much,no,rather 等。常用于修饰最高级的词或短语有:almost,the second等。如:Of all the students,Bettys Chinese is almost the best.即时演练:一、从 A,B,C,D 四个选项中，选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。1.The clothes store is on weekends.I see.Ill go there next Monday then.A.closed B.open C.close D.opened 2.I think listening is just as as sp

42、eaking in language learning.Yes.I agree with you.A.the most important B.more important C.most important D.important 3.Jeremy Lin is as a NBA player and he is very with young people in China.A.famous;famous B.famous;popular C.popular;popular D.popular;busy 4.Of the two Australian students,Masha is on

43、e.I think you can find her easily.A.tallest B.the taller C.taller D.the tallest 5.Bob often says that swimming is than hiking in reducing weight,but he always spends more time in swimming.A.less useful B.less interesting C.more useful D.more interesting 6.What do you think of the film So Young direc

44、ted by Zhao Wei?Wonderful.I think its than the other films about youth in recent years.A.the best B.the worst C.much better D.much worst 7.My neighbor is so that he enjoys meeting and talking to people.A.shy B.outgoing C.quiet D.smart 8.There isnt much traffic around his house.He lives in a neighbor

45、hood.A.noisy B.dirty C.close D.quiet 10 9.Is the child any better today?I think so.His temperature seems now.A.high B.normal C.low D.special 10.The old man was so the good news that he couldnt say a word.A.excited about B.worried about C.interested in D.afraid of 11.Many people think that the pop so

46、ng Gangnam Style sounds，but others dont like it at all.A.wonderfully B.terribly C.wonderful D.terrible 12.一 I think maths isnt as as Chinese.I agree with you.I think Chinese is than any other subject.A.easier;easiest B.easier;easier C.easy;easier D.hard;the most difficult 13.Between the travel plans

47、,I d like the one with a price because I dont have so much money.A.higher B.lower C.cheaper D.more expensive 14.The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet gets us.A.less B.more C.closer D.farther 15.O h,I m thirsty.Mum,can I have the juice in the bottle?No.It tastes A.terribly B.

48、terrible C.good D.well 16.Jin Yong is one of the greatest writers.Reading his books brings my life.A.living;alive B.living;living C.alive;living D.alive;alive 17.Thanks to our government,more and more farmers are getting in China.A.more and more rich B.richer and richer C.more rich and more rich D.r

49、icher and richest 18.To live a low-carbon life,we should save energy and produce pollution.A.less;more B.more;less C.least;most D.most;least 19.Pudong International Airport is one of airports in the world.A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest 20.In our city,its in July,but it is even in August.A.ho

50、tter;hottest B.hot;hot C.hotter;hot D.hot;hotter 21.How do you like the food?Great!It not only looks nice but also smells.A.terrible B.well C.lovely D.delicious 22.Remember this,children.careful you are,mistakes you will make.We know,Miss Gao.11 A.The more;the more B.The fewer;the more C.The more;th