2022年初三仁爱英语第一轮总复习教案.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 初三英语上Unit 4 Fantastic Science magical. 一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1. successful（副词）Topic 1 The spaceship is so 2. proper（副词）3. completely （动词）4. leader（动词）5. succeed（名词）6. hero（复数）7. physics（形容词）8. fix （同义词）1, .2. 9. introduce （名词）10. far（比较级）11.place动词 12. outside 反义词 （二）重点词组：1. go aro

2、und 围绕23.Chinese astronauts 2. send into 把 , 送入24.fly to 25.have an =send up,into,American-Chinese flight 3. congratulations on sth / to sb 庆贺某事 / 某人26.the man in 4. be proud of 为 , 而骄傲the screen 5. be moved by 为 , 而感动27.be famous for 6. Thanks/Thank you for +n./ving sth 感谢某人做的某事be known as 7. have

3、physical examinations 做体检28.in space 8. in good/bad health 处于好（不好）的身体状态29.serve our lives 9. cant help doing 情不自禁做,30.master computer technology 10. take turns to do sth 轮番（做某事）31.Its 11. no doubt 无疑地ones turn to do sth 除 , 的之外,也32. an 12. as well as interview with sb 13. for instance/example 例如33.m

4、anned spaceship 名师归纳总结 14. work on 做 , （方面）的工作34.the two 第 1 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - astronauts 15. depend on/upon 依靠,依靠35.Pleased to meet you 16. turn on your computer 打开36.have physical examinations Open your e-mail program 17. turn off your computer 关掉37.during the whole fli

5、ght Shut down .18. turn up 开大38.the sleeping bag 19. turn down 关小39.make great progress in doing sth 20. click on 用鼠标点击40.space industry 21. look forward to doing sth 期望做某事22. land successfully 41plenty of 42 The sun rises and sets. 43. the sunrise and the sunset 44.There is no doubt that . municate

6、 with . 46 communicate by . 47. Keep .doing . 48.chat on line 49.get headaches or sore eyes 50 at work and at home 51.do business 52 write letters on paper e into being 56.a list of messages 58.in a good/ bad mood 二、重点句型：53.place and cancel orders 55.connect to the Interne 57. do experiments/ an exp

7、eriment 1. Now big plans are being made to send up more satellites and even build a space station. 现在中国正在方案发射更多的卫星,甚至建造一个空间站；1 句子“are being made” 是现在进行时的被动语态,结构“be being+过去分词” ；2 主动句中的宾补假如是不带to 的不定式时,变成被动句后,成为主补的不定式必需带 to,常见跟不带 to 的复合宾语的动词有 see、feel、hear、 make 等；2. Im moved by what Yang Liwei did.我被

8、杨利伟所做的事感动了；1 What Yang Liwei did 是介词 by 的宾语从句,意为“ 杨利伟所做的事”2 be moved by 为 , 而感动如：s story.The students are moved by the old man同学们为那位老人的故事而感动；3. Generally speaking, we are in good health now. 一般来说,我们现在的健康状况良好；1 generally speaking “ 一般来说、大体上、大致”: 2 in good/bad health 处于好（不好）的身体状况；如He has a cold, he is

9、 always in bad health. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 他感冒了,他的身体状况总是不好；4. We couldnt help looking at the earth again and again. 我们忍不住一再地看着地球；1 cant/couldnt help doing sth.忍不住做某事,不能停止做某事；如：I cant help crying. 我忍不住哭了；2 again and again 一再,多次,如：The teacher has told him again and

10、 again.老师已多次和他讲过了；5. I was able to fall asleep as soon as I got into the sleeping bag. We took turns to have a rest. 一进入睡袋我就睡着了；我们轮番休息；take turns to do sth. 轮番（做某事） ；The Browns take turns to look after the baby. 布朗一家轮番照看这个婴儿；6. It has proved that China has made great progress in developing its space

11、 industry. 这证明了中国航天业的进展已取得了庞大的进步；It has proved that这证明白 ,7.There is no doubt that computers are widely used by workers in business and technology. 毫无疑问 ,电脑被商业 ,科技工作者广泛地应用 . There is no doubt that , 译为 “ 毫无疑问”如: There is no doubt that we should protect the environment. 毫无疑问我们应当爱护环境；8. Computers have

12、made the world smaller, like a “village” .电脑使得世界变小了,就像一个“ 村庄”；make+宾语 +形容词“ 使 , 怎样”如：Well try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.我们将尽全力使我产的国家越来越漂亮. 三、日常交际用语：Congratulations. Thanks for your introduction. Pleased to meet you. =Nice to meet you. It s an honor to interview you now.Wha

13、t do you think of ShenZhou VI. =What are your thoughts about ShenZhou VI. 四、重点语法：宾语补足语 : 宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语,与宾语一起构成复合宾语；可作宾语补足语的出名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等；（一）、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语；如：1.We call him Jim. （名词）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 我们叫他吉姆；2.We must keep our school clean every day.

14、（形容词）我们必需每天保持校内清洁；3.Call him in, please. （副词）请叫他进来；4.Leave it on the desk.（介词短语）把它留在课桌上；（二）、动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情形：1.跟带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语；常见的这类动词有：ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage 等；如：Tell Jane to sing us a song. 叫简给我们唱支歌；2.跟不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语；常见的这类动词有“ 一感（feel）、二听（ hear）,三让（

15、make, let, have）,四看（see, watch）如： Lets have a rest.让我们休息一会儿；但这种结构变成被动语态时,to 必需加上；如：He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand. 有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间；3.跟带 to 或不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语；这类动词只有help；如：Can you help me to wash my clothes . 你能帮我洗衣服吗？（三）、分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情形；1.现在分词作宾语补足语,常常表示正在发生的动作；可跟这类补足语的动词有：s

16、ee, watch, hear 等；如：I hear somebody singing in the next room. 我听见有人在隔壁唱歌；2.过去介词作宾语补足语,常常表示被动；如：You need to have your hair cut. 你需要理发了；Topic 2 When was it invented. 一、重点词汇：1. be used for +ving 被用做 , 14.be used as, . 2. come true 实现 15.an English Learning Machine 3. It s said that 据说16.digital camera

17、4. during/in one s life 某人一生17 mobile phone 5. be known as 以 , （身份）而闻名18.a light bulb 6. know/say for certain 准确知道 /确定地说19.in our everyday / daily life 名师归纳总结 7. all the time any longer 始终、总是20 during/ in one s life 8. no longer=not ,不再21.visit the Science Museum 第 4 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - -

18、- - - - - - - no more, not any mor只要22.cloned sheep 9. as long as 23.clone 名词 10. as far as 就 , ,尽 ,24. include 介词 11. make a great contribution to,对 , 作出庞大奉献25. in most living things 12. the rest of the time 在其余地时间里26.warn sb of/ about ,. 13. at any time 在任何时候warn sb that,. Warn sb not to do sth wa

19、rn sb against doing sth 27. In short 28. in a word 29.be useful to sb 30.advanges and disadvantages 31.man- mad “stars” man made satellites 32.the Global Positioning System 34 find out our position 36. the shape of the earth 33.work well in doing sth 35. explore our planet 37. the X-ray machine 38.

20、in the medical field 39. have some bad effects on 40. discover illness 41 .lose ones way/ get lost 二、重点句型：1. Because Im not allowed to play computer games.由于我不行以玩电脑嬉戏；allow “ 答应、准许” 的意思；常用于以下几种形式：1 allow +n./prep 如：We can t allow such a thing.我们不容许这种事情发生；2 allow sb. to do sth 答应某人做某事如：She allowed me

21、 to go fishing. 她答应我去钓鱼；3 allow +doing sth 答应做某事 如：We don t allow smoking in the reading-room. 我们不答应在阅览室吸烟；4 be allowed to do sth 如：被答应做某事The students are allowed to play games on the play ground after school. 放学后同学们被准许在操场上做嬉戏；2. How do you say this in English. 这用英语怎么说？其意思与 What s this in English 相同

22、；3. Its made from wood.它用木材做的；名师归纳总结 1 be made in 在 , 地方制造,后接表示地点的名词；第 5 页,共 11 页2 be made of 用 , 制造的,表示原材料未经化学变化,仍可看得出原材料；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 be made from 用 , 制造的,表示原材料经过化学变化,已看不出其原样；4 be made by 由（被） , （人）制作,后接表示人的名词或代词；5 be made into （某物）被制成 ,6 be made up of 由 , 组成 如：The TV se

23、t is made in Japan. 这台电视机是日本生产的；These houses are made of stones. 这些房子是由石头建造的；Paper is made from wood. 纸是木头造的；Was this cake made by your mother. 这蛋糕是你妈妈做的吗？Metal can be made into all kinds of things. 金属可以制成各种各样的物品；The medical team is made up of ten doctors. 这支医疗队由 10 位大夫组成；4. Its used for helping us

24、to improve our English.它用来帮忙我们提高英语水平；1 be used for+ving be used to do （被）用来做,强调用途或作用2be used as （被）作为 , 而用,强调被当作工具或手段来用；3be used by 被 , 使用,by 后跟人 /物,强调使用者；如 : Pens are used for writing. 钢笔被用来写字；Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸；English is used as a foreign language in China. 英语在中国被当作外语使用；Recorders

25、 are often used by English teachers. 英语老师常常使用录音机；5. People are surprised at the rapid development of robots. 人们为机器人的飞速进展感到惊奇；句子中 be surprised at, 是一个系表结构,表示“ 对 , 感到惊奇”；而 be surprised by, 是一个被动语态形式,表示“ 被, 所惊讶” ；如：I am surprised at you. 我对你的举动感到惊奇；The manager was surprised by what he saw on the comput

26、er. 那位经理被眼前显现在电脑屏幕上的东西所惊奇；6. They will no longer want to be our servants, but our masters. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 它们将不再情愿做我们的人,而要做我们的主人；no longer（通常在动词前） ,not,any longer; not ,any more（用于非正式文体中）都可表示“ （过去曾 , ）现在不再 , ”如：She no longer lives here. She doesnt live here a

27、ny longer 或 any more. 她不在这儿住了； （过去她曾住这儿）7. This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen. 在夜间只要天气晴朗,能观察星星,这种方法就能很好地发挥作用；work well 有效as long as 只要三、日常交际用语：Whats it made of from.When/where was it made. It was invented in 1879. What will our future be like

28、. I hope your dream will come true. 四、重点语法：1、 一般过去时的被动语态 谓语部分的基本形式是 be 的过去式 was/were+及物动词的过去分词；如：When was it made. 它是什么时候制造的？It was made in 1980. 它是 1980 年制造的；When was the digital camera invented. 数码像机是什么时候创造的？It was invented in 1975. 它是 1975 年创造的；2、时间前所用介词的速记歌 年月周前要用 in,日子前面却不行；遇到几号要用 on,上午下午又是 in；

29、要说某日上下午,用 on 换 in 才能行；午夜黄昏须用 at,清晨用它也不错；at 也用在时分前,说“ 差” 可要用上 to；说“ 过” 只可使用 past,多说多练牢牢记,莫让岁月成蹉跎Topic 3 Perhaps people will fly to Mars. 一、重点词汇：名师归纳总结 1.travel by spaceship 乘宇宙飞船旅行12.go into space 第 7 页,共 11 页2.in the future 将来13.live on Mars/ the earth 3.in order to 为了14.live in space 4.on the radio

30、 通过收音机15.in the movie 5.take part in 参与16.see the movie 6.grow up 成长、长大17.on the Internet - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 7.prefer,to 喜爱 , 赛过 ,on line 8.What s worse 更为糟糕的是18.with my own eyes 9.be worth it 有好处,值得一干19.some day 10.at a distance of 相隔one day 11.send sb a message 给某人发送信息20 trave t

31、o space 21.learn a lot 22.master some basic skills 23.perform ballet 24.on the stage 25.would like to do feel like doing sth 26 be well worth doing sth 27.have a proper shower 28. at a distance 29. at a distance of . 30. on earth on the earth 31.be close to 32 the surface of . 33.in the night sky 33

32、.ready to eat 34.the solar system 35. send us a message /send a message to us 36.beyond so many/ much 37 the universe on other planets 二、重点句型：1. I dont think aliens can be found in space.我认为外星人不行能显现在太空里；1当 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等动词后的宾语从句含有 not 的否定词时,该否定应移至主句,即否定主句的谓语动词；如：I don t t

33、hink it will rain tomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨；假如主句的主语是其次、三人称,否定式一般不转移；如：He supposes they won t win the game.他猜想他们赢不了竞赛；2can +be +过去分词,是情态动词构成的被动语态；如：This cant be done in a short time.这不是短期内能完成的；2. It has been two days since we landed on Mars. 自从我们登上火星以来已经两天了；it 用作主语谈论时间,常与 since 连用；如： It is 或 has been three

34、years since we left school. 自从我们离开学校以来已经三年了；3. What s worse, our water supplies were very low.更糟糕的是,我们的水供应是特别有限的；Whats worse 更糟糕的是；类似结构仍有：Whats more 更有甚者；更为重要的是；4. Its a quarter as big as the earth.它是地球的四分之一大；倍数表示法：倍数 +as+形容词 /副词 +as 如： This box is three times as heavy as that one. 名师归纳总结 - - - - -

35、- -第 8 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重；5. Mars goes around the sun at a distance of about 228 million kilometers. 恒星在相隔大约 228000000 千米的地方围着太阳转动；1at a distance of 相隔2at a distance 在远处；如：The moon goes around the earth at a distance of 380000km. 月球在距地球 38 万千米的地方绕地球旋转；The police followed

36、him at a distance. 警察远远地跟着他；三、日常交际用语 : Sound great. What is it about. What fun. I cant wait.You think man can live in space one day. I Think so. I hope I can live there one day. 四、重点语法：1、情态动词的被动语态:是由“ 情态动词 +be+及物动词的过去分词”构成； 如：Aliens can not be seen on the earth. 在地球上不行能见到外星人；Other planets may be vis

37、ited soon in the future. 将来其他的星球也会有人登陆；Scientific research should be done carefully. 应当仔细地进行科学讨论；These trees must be watered in time. 这些树应当准时浇水；2、书面表达技巧善于连接；一篇好作文不仅是词汇、句子的简洁排列,语句间如缺乏必要的连接过渡和照料,作文就会结构简洁,句式单调,缺少灵气,而看似不惹眼的连接过渡可大大增强作文的连贯性,规律性和可读性；常见的语篇连接成分见下表：规律关系 语篇连接成分时间关系 first,second,then, finally,

38、suddenly, immediately, after, until, while 空间关系in front of, across, above, nearby, at the back of, next to, on one side,on the other side 名师归纳总结 对称关系on the other hand 第 9 页,共 11 页转折关系but, however, yet, while, though, rather than, 因果关系because of, thanks to, because, since, as, , as a result, so, ther

39、efore. 条件关系as long as, if, unless, if necessary 增补关系besides, not only, but also, what s more, - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - what s worse 举例 for example/instance, such as, like, 评判 there is no doubt that, I m not sure that, as we know, 总结in a word, in short, , Generally speaking, 被动语态 一、语态概述英

40、语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的；英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态；主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；巧记为：主动、主动、主去动；例如： Many people speak English. 谓语： speak的动作是由主语many people 来执行的；被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者,即行为动作的对象；巧记为：被动、被动、主 被动；例如： English is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承担者；二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“ 助动词 be及物动词的过去分词” 构成；人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的；现

41、以teach 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成；一般现在时： amisaretaught 一般过去时： wasweretaught 一般将来时： will shall betaught 现在进行时： amisare beingtaught 过去进行时： waswere beingtaught 现在完成时： havehas beentaught 歌诀是：被动语态 be 字变,过去分词跟后面；三、被动语态的用法1不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁；例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了；不知道电脑是谁偷的 This b

42、ook was published in 1981. 这本书出版于 1981 年；2强调动作的承担者,而不强调动作的执行者；例如： the window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的；This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的；Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天 8 小时睡眠必需得到保证；歌诀：谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要；动作承担者需强调,被动语态运用到；四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 1把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2把谓语变成被动结构 be过去分词

43、 依据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原先主动语态句子中动词的时态来决 定 be 的形式 ；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3把主动语态中的主语放在介词 All the people laughed at him. by 之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格；例如：He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主,主变宾,by 短语后面跟；谓语动词变被动,be 后“ 过分” 来使用；五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“ 情态动词be过去分词”构成,歌诀是：情态动词变动,情态加be 加“ 过分” ；例如：They should do it at once.