2022年语法专题二动词和动词短语.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载专题二 动词和动词短语 动词的辨析动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、连续性动词与非连续性动词,是高考考查的重点,无论是单项填空仍是完形填空等题型中,动词辨析的比重都很大,并有逐年增加的趋势；动词辨析主要指：1词形相近的动词之间的辨析；如：2意义相近的动词之间的辨析；如：lie,lay；rise, raise；sit,seat等；borrow,lend； speak,say,talk ；hope,wish 等；3动词与其他词形相近、意义相像的词的辨析；如：advise,advice；cost,worth ；pass,pas

2、t 等；4意义不同但简单混淆的动词的辨析；如：等；explain ,say；discover,invent ；uncover,find5某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析；如：ask,give,call ,make,get,keep,want,see,hear等；6某些常用动词短语的辨析；题组训练 1 选词填空如：give in ,give up ；turn on,turn off ,turn down ,turn up 等；A. remind,negotiate,fail ,limit ,order1William found it increasingly difficult to read,f

3、or his eyesight was beginning to fail. 2If you don t like the drink you ordered just leave it and try a different one. 3Mary ,I reminded John of his promise to help you. 4Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful thinking. 5The government refuses to negotiate with terrorists.

4、B. open,accumulate,reserve,earn,deny,but they may also limit our 6Clinical evidence began to accumulate ,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. 7Are you still mad at her. Not really ,but I cant deny that her remarks h

5、urt me. 8Id prefer to reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence. 9You are old enough to earn your own living. 10I opened a bank account after I made 1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 动词短语的考查要点动词短语是指动词和

6、介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配；需把握以下要点：1依据动词短语的不同特点,把握其运用规律；1动词副词 不及物 Tom turned up after the party when everyone had left. 2动词副词 及物 Please turn every light in the house off. 留意 ： 假如宾语较长,就应防止把副词同动词分开；She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 假如宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副词之间；She gave them away. 3动词介词 及物 You should l

7、earn to care about others. 留意 ：当它跟宾语时,不能把介词放在宾语后面；4动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon. 留意 ：“动词介词 ”、“ 动词名词副词” 、“ 动词副词介词” ,这三种搭配都是及物的,如变成被动语态,不行漏掉介词；In this way both grain and vegetables can be well looked after. 不能漏掉 after 2熟识同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异；1同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异；hear from 收到

8、的来信 hear of 听说look after 照管 look at 看 look for 查找2同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异；ring back 回电话 ring off 挂断电话ring up 打电话put away 放好,收起 put on 穿上；上演put up 挂起；举起3不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异；look for 查找 ask for 恳求wait for 等候 send for 派人去叫4不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异；名师归纳总结 break out 发生；爆发carry out 进行；开展第 2 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料

9、 - - - - - - - - - go out 熄灭学习必备欢迎下载hand out 分发let out 放出 look out 当心sell out 卖完 set out 动身take out 取出 work out 算出break down 坏了 come down 落下来get down 下车 take down 取下write down 写下题组训练 2选词填空A. speed up,work out ,put up with ,bring down1I can put up with the house being untidy ,but I hate it if it s no

10、t clean. 2We aim to bring down the cost of daily life. 3They are broadening the bridge to speed up the flow of traffic. 4You cant predict everything. Often things don t work out as you expect. B. care about,bring up ,turn down ,put up5You look upset. What s the matter. I had my proposal turned down

11、again. 6If you care about faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. 7He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night. 8Born into a family with three brothers ,David was brought up to value the sense of sharing. C.

12、 take on,go over,come across,look up 9To get a better grade,you should go over the notes again before the test. 10I often look up the words I don t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. 11She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. 12Some inse

13、cts take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves. 易错易混点1lay放,lie 躺与 lie说谎 ,这三个易混动词构成见下表：原形 过去式 过去分词lay 放,搁；下蛋,产卵 laid laid lie 躺；位于 lay lain lie 说谎 lied lied 2.rise 和 raise：rise 是不及物动词, 其过去式是 rose,过去分词是 risen,而 raise 是及物动词,是规章动词；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -

14、- 学习必备 欢迎下载3hang 的用法： hang 有两个意思：一为“ 悬挂” ,是不规章动词,过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为“ 绞刑” ,是规章动词,其过去式、过去分词都是 hanged；4sit 与 seat：seat为及物动词时作“ 容纳” 讲,sit 只是表示一个动作；seat表示“ 就座” 时要用 be seated 或用 seat oneself；如： They were seated at their desks. 或 I seated myself in the armchair. 5win 与 beat：win 作“ 胜、赢” 讲时其后应接a game,an argum

15、ent,a battle,a prize,a contest,a race,a bet 等,但不能接人,假如接人就有另外的含义；如：I have won him. 即“ 我已说服他了,我赢得了他的好感；” 而beat 是及物动词,意为“ 击败、赛过” ,直接接人、队；6lost, gone 与 missing：作补足语时意为“ 丢失、不见了” ,可以用 lost,gone,但要用miss 时就不能用 missed,而要用 missing； 语法与写作依据提示翻译下面的句子1必需指出我情愿在这个假期里去旅行；point out2022山东 写作 It must be pointed out th

16、at I would love to go travelling during this holiday. 2踢足球和看电视占据了我许多的业余时间；take up2022四川 书面表达 Playing football and watching TV take up much of my spare time. 3我必需使自己适应美国的生活方式,帮忙他们明白中国文化的最优秀部分；adapt to2022 浙江 书面表达 I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part

17、 of Chinese culture. 4前面将会有许多挑战,但我有信心我会挑起这个担子；take on2022天津 书面表达 There will be many challenges ahead ,but I have confidence that I ll take on the burden. 5在中国, 这些中国结 Chinese knot 代表友情、 爱和好运； stand for2022 新课标全国 书面表达 In China ,these Chinese knots stand for friendship ,love and good luck. 语法填空There on

18、ce was a goat and a donkey 1.that lived on a farm.The donkey worked the hardest so the farmer fed it the most 2.food.Sometimes the donkey was given more food 3.than it could eat.This made the goat so jealous 4.that it began plotting against谋划应付 the donkey. “ Hey,donkey,” the goat said one day. “ I t

19、hink you do too much work on this farm.You carry such heavy things from morning to night.Why dont you pretend 5.to getgetsick so you can take a day 6.off ？” The donkey thought the goat had a great idea.So the next morning ,the donkey lay in the stable畜栏 on its side with its eyes 7.closedcloseRight a

20、way,the farmer called the 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载doctor.8.After looking at the donkey ,the doctor said it needed a special medicine made 9.from the heart of a goat.So the farmer killed 10.his/the goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页