2022年小升初英语冠词、数词专题训练.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 小升初专项训练 -冠词、数词冠词一、什么是冠词冠词是用在名词前面, 说明名词所表示的人或事物的词；其中 a 和 an 是不定冠词, the 是定冠词；英语中的冠词一共有三个： a, an, the,冠词不能离开名词单独使用,本身没有意义,必需和名词连用；如：a book 一本书an egg 一个鸡蛋the elephant 那只象二、不定冠词1.不定冠词 不定冠词 a、an 只用在可数名词单数前, 基本意思是 “ 一个” ,在不少情形下也译 “ 一” 或“ 第”或“ 每” ；其中, a 用在读音以辅音开头的单词前,an 用在读音以元音开头的单词

2、前；如：an pencil 一支钢笔a desk 一张书桌a bottle 一个瓶子an old man 一位老人an apple 一个苹果an eraser 一块橡皮2.不定冠词的用法（1）表示同一类人或物；A bee has six legs. 蜜蜂有六条腿；A monkey likes bananas.猴子喜爱吃香蕉；A fish can swim. 鱼会游泳；（2）泛指一类名词中的某一个；Liu Xiang is a famous player.刘翔是一位出名的选手；Cheng Long is an actor. 成龙是一名演员；（3）表示数量“ 一” ,相当于 one ；There

3、are twenty-four hours in a day.一天有二十四小时；There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天；（4）用于习语中；in a minute 一会儿for a while 一会儿a little 一点儿have a try 试一试in a word 总而言之易错点：（1）有些名词虽然首字母是元音字母,但发音却以辅音开头；（错） an university 1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （错） an uniform （正） a uniform-一套降服2

4、 有些名词虽然字首是辅音字母,但发音却以元音开头,这时名词前要用 an；（错） a hour 正 an hour 一小时（错） a honest boy 三、定冠词1. 定冠词正 an honest boy 一个诚恳的男孩定冠词 the 通常对修饰的名词有指定作用,表示“ 这个,那个,这些,那些”；如：the book （那本书）,the apples 那些苹果 等；2. 定冠词的用法（1）特指某人或某物；The girl with long hair is Lucy. 那个长发女孩是露茜；The man under the tree is my dad.树下那个人是我爸爸；（2）特指上文提到

5、的人、事、物；There is a map on the wall. The map is a map of China. 墙上有幅地图,那幅地图是一幅中国地图；I have a box , the box is in my bag. 我有一个盒子,那个盒子在我的包里；（3）指世上独一无二的东西；The sun is much bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮要大得多；The Great Wall is in China.长城在中国；（4）用在形容词前表示一类人；the poor 穷人the young 年青人the old 老年人the blind 盲人（5）用在姓氏前表

6、示一家人；The Greens are at table.格林一家人在吃饭；The Whites are watching TV.怀特一家人在看电视；（6）用在序数词、形容词最高级及形容词only, very, same 等词前面；Sunday is the first day of the week. 周日是一周的第一天；The Changjiang River is the longest river of China. 长江是中国最长的河流；Lucy and Lily are in the same class. 露茜和莉莉在同一个班级；（7）用在表示乐器的名词前；2 名师归纳总结 -

7、- - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I can play the piano. 我会弹刚琴；Tom is good at playing the violin. 汤姆善于拉小提琴；（8）用在习语中；in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午in the classroom 在教室里 in the daytime 在白天留意： the 在元音前读 _,在辅音前读 _；如：in the_ evening 在晚上 四、不用冠词的几种情形（1）国名、人名等专出名词前；in the _ morning 在上午

8、Canada 加拿大China 中国Alice 艾丽斯（2）复数名词表示泛指,表示一类人或事物时,可不用冠词；I like vegetables. 我喜爱蔬菜；Those are pencils. 那些是铅笔；（3）不行数名词前面通常不加不定冠词,但可以加定冠词修饰；Water is important to us.水对我们很重要；Where is the juice. 果汁在哪里？（4）季节、月份、星期等名词前；We dont go to school on Saturday and Sunday. 我们周六、周日不用上学；New term begins in September. 新学期九

9、月份开头；It is autumn now. It is cool. 现在是秋天,天气凉快；（5）在称呼、官衔、职业的名词前；Mr. Wang is my math teacher. 王先生是我的数学老师；This is chairman Hu .这是胡主席；（6）在三餐、球类运动和消遣运动的名词；have breakfast 吃早饭 have supper 吃晚饭 play chess 下棋 play soccer 踢足球（7）当两个或两个以上的名词并用时；I can write with pen and pencil. 我可以用铅笔和钢笔写字；（8）在习惯用语中,表示特别意义时；in ho

10、spital 住院 at table 吃饭 3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - at school 上学 in bed 卧床（睡觉）巩固练习 1.There is _ s in _ word bus .A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a 2.Maths is _ useful subject. You cant drop it , I think.A. an B. a C. the D. / 3._ bad weather it is. A. How B. What

11、 a C. How a D. What 4.What color is _ orange. -It s _ orange.A. an; an B. an ; the C. an ; / D. / ; an 5.Mr. Li is _ old worker. A. an B. a C. some D. / 6.Look at _ picture. Theres _ house in it.A. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the; a 7.One morning he found _ handbag. There was _ A. a ; an ; the

12、B. a ; a ; the C. a ; a ; a D. the ; an ; a 8.What _ interesting story it is. A. a B. an C. the D. / 9.Meimei is _ best student in her class. A. a B. an C. / D. the 10.Tom is _ kind boy. All _ students love him. A. a ; / B. a ; the C. an ; / D. an ; the 11.Is _ book on the desk mine. Yes. A. the B.

13、a C. an D. / s on the corner of _ handbag. 12.Even while he was in _ hospital, he went on writing songs. A. a B. an C. the D. / 13.Don t read _.A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed 4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 14.Smith is _ honest man. A. a B. the C. an D. /

14、15.China has _ population of 1,200,000,000. A. / B. an C. the D. a 16.What s _ for 椅.子 .A. English B. an English C. the English D. any English 17.Mary is _ cleverer of the two girls. A. the B. a C. an D. much 18._ young must look after _ old. A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the 19. _ earth i

15、s one of _ planets. A. The ; sunsB. The ; the sun C. The ; the sunsD. The ; the suns 20.Tokyo is _. A. the capital of Japan B. capital of Japan C. Japan capital D. a capital of Japan 21.Kate sometimes plays _ violin小提琴 and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper. A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ;

16、the D. / ; / 22. Have you seen _ pencil. I left it here this morning. -Is it _ red one . I saw it. A. a ; the B. the ; the C. the ; a D. a ; a 23.There is_ orange tree behind_ house. A. an ; the B. a ; a C. the ; the D. an ; / 24.How long did you stay there . A. / B. one C. a D. an -About half _ hou

17、r. 数词1、分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种；英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语；2、基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词；1、 英语中常用的基数词有：5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 one2 two13 thirtee20 twenty23 twenty-three3 thre30 thirty4 e14 n40 forty35 thirty-five5 four15 fourtee50 fifty6 five16 n60 sixty 10one hundred 7 six17 fifteen70 s

18、eventy8 seve18 sixteen80 eighty9 n19 sevente90 ninety1eighen10onea 0 teightee0 hundred1ninen1 and one1 tenninetee1elevn2 entwel ve 1000 onea thousand,10000 ten thousand,100000one hundred thousand ,1000000one million,10000000ten million, 100000000one hundred million, 108one hundred and eight, 146one

19、hundred and forty-six, 500five hundred , 1001one thousand and one, 1813one thousand eight hundred and thirteen. 2、注：1百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位 ,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and；2英语用千、百万等单位计数 ,大数字从右向左看 , 每隔三位划一逗号 ,倒数第一个逗号之前要用 thousand,倒数其次个逗号之前要用million, 倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion 表示；3 hundred、 thousand、 million 作数词时 ,不用复数 ,前面可以加

20、上 one, two, , 等其它数词；用作名词时复数表示“ 成 , 上, ”,后面必需要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等词；如：five hundred五百 , hundreds of成百上千的 , ten thousand一万 , thousands of成千上万的 , millions of 成百万的 3、序数词：表示次序的数词叫序数词；6 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1、 英语的序数词基本变法：1 一般在基数词后加 th,2-ve 结尾的改为 -fth,3-ty 结尾的改为 -

21、tieth,4熟记特别词；2、序数词如下：1stfirst13 ththirteent20thtwentiet21sttwenty-first 2ndsecond3rd third30thh22ndtwenty-secon4th fourth14 thh40ththirtiet23rdd 5th15 th50thfifthfourteenth 6thsixth16 thh60thfortieth35thtwenty-third 7thseventh17 thfifteenth70thfiftieth8theighth18 thsixteenth80thsixtieth 101stthirty-

22、fifth 9thninth19 thseventee90th seventi10thtenthnth100ethone hundred 11 theleventeighteenteightietand first 12thhhthh twelfthnineteenninetietthhone hundredth1000 th one thousandth, 1000000th one millionth., 第 703 the seven hundred and third, 第 5480the five thousand four hundred and eightieth. 3、注： 1

23、两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词 ,其余部分仍用基数词；如：thirty-sixth, 2 使用序数词时一般加定冠词 the. 如：Im in the third grade. 3 序数词作“ 几分之几” 讲时 ,有复数形式； 如：1/5one fifth ; 2/3 two thirds ; 4/7 four sevenths ; 1/2 a half ; 1/4a quarter ; 3/4 three quarters ; 50% fifty hundredths fifty per cent. 4、数词的用法：7 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选

24、学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1、表示年份： 2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six. 2、表示日期： 12 月 1 日: Dec.1st或 the first of December；2002 年 11月 8 日: Nov. 8th, 2002. 3、表示时刻： 5：15 five fifteen或 a quarter past five ; 8：30 eight thirty 或 half past eight ; 10：45 ten forty-five 或 a quarter to elev

25、en. 4、表示编号 ：Room 105Room one 0 five; Bus No.13Bus Number Thirteen; P.5Page Five; Tel.No.7658659Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine 5、小数的读法： 5.7 five point seven, 0.16 zero point one six. 半” 的表达： 1/2half, 半小时 half an hour, 1.5小时 one and a half hours或 one hour and 6、a half. 7、序数词前面加 th

26、e 时,表示次序 ,加 a/an 时表示“ 再一、又一” ；如：The third lesson is rather difficult.第三课相当难 / Shall we read the text a third time.我们把课文读第三遍 ,好吗？ 巩固练习1.About _ students in our class can describe that place in English. A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths 2.Nine _ pounds a week. Thats very goo

27、d.A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. hundreds D. hundred 3.We often have sports after class, and I like to play _ basketball. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填4. This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one.A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 5. It is said that SARS has killed more than _ peopl

28、e worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hundredsC. three hundredsD. three hundred 6. -How many workers are there in your factory. -There are two _. A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of 7. -Which is the smallest number of the four. -_. 8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - -

29、 - - - - A. Two-thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Three-fourths 8. -What do you think of a war, Li Ming. -I ve no idea. But its a fact that _ people had to leave their hometown during the War on Iraq. A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. several thousands 9. We all think that the _ ce

30、ntury will bring us more hopes. A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one 10. -Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six. -Yes, it is _. A. 856620 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626 11. When was the PRC founded. It was founded on _. A. July 1, 1921 B.

31、October 1, 1949 C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 1922 12. I was 8 years old when my father was 31. This year my father is twice my age. How old am I. A. 21 B. 22 C. 23 D. 24 13. _ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2022 Olympics. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. T

32、housands of 14. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _one. A. three B. third C. forth D. / 15. Today were going to learn the _ lesson. D. twentyth A. twenty B. 20 C. twentieth 16.How deep is the hole. -It is _. A. four metre deep B. four metres deep C. four-metre deep D. four-metres-de

33、ep 17.Weve planted _ trees in the centre of our city this year.D. hundreds of A. hundred B. two hundreds C. hundred of 9 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 18._ books must be produced for the children.A. Many thousands B. Many thousands of C. Many thousand of D. Many thousand 19.There are _ days in June and _ day is Children s Day.A. thirteen, first B. thirty; the second C. thirty; the first D. thirteen; the first 20._ trees are planted every year.A. Thousand B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands of 10 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 10 页