2022年高中英语必修五笔记.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit 1 1. put forward 提出 He put forward a new plan. 2. expert adj. 专家的,内行的,体会丰富的 n. 专家,内行,体会丰富的人 a medical expert She is anexpert at/in/on teaching small children. 3. attend v. 参与,出席,到场；看护,照管 Will you attend the meeting. Please let us know if you are unable to attend. She ha

2、s a good doctor attending on/to her. 4. expose v. （使）暴露 +toKeep indoors and don t expose your skin to the sun. exposed adj. 暴露于危急的,无遮挡的 As a doctor, she was exposed to many danger. 5. cure v. 治愈,治疗 n. 疗法 +for expose sb. of sth. When I left the hospital, I was completely cured. The medicine will cure

3、 you of your cough. 6. every time , each time , the first time 相当于 conj. 直接加从句I make fun of her every time I see her. 7. challenge v. 向 挑战,邀请 竞赛 n. 挑战+to（可以是介词,也可是不定式）I challenged him to a game of tennis. I challenged you to race me across the lake. face a challenge 8. absorb v. 吸取；使用心,使全神贯注 +in The

4、 walls of the house absorb heat during the day. I was absorbed in a book and didn t hear you call me. 9. suspect v. 怀疑 n. 嫌疑犯 We suspected that he was the murder even before we were told. They suspect him of murder. They suspect him of giving false evidence. 10. enquiry n. 询问,打听,调查 =inquiry +into We

5、 made some enquiries into her movements. 11.foresee v. 预知,预见,预料 We should have foreseen this months ago. 12. investigation n. 调查,侦查 +into investigate v. 调查,侦查 The police are investigating this crime. 13. be to blame for sth. 应对 承担责任,该为 受批评 The children were not to blame for the accident. 名师归纳总结 - -

6、- - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 14. handle n. 把手,柄 v. 掌握,应付 It was a very difficult situation, but he handled it very well. 15. link v. 连接；联系 link A to B 把 A 和 B 联系在一起（抽象）The road links all the new towns. The road will link Changchun to/with Beijing. 16. announce v. 宣布,宣告 They announce

7、d the date of their wedding in the paper. announcement n. 宣布,宣告17. instruct v. 命令,嘱咐,指示+sb. to do ；教,讲授 +in I ve been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives. He instructs us in history. 18. apart from 除了 I ve finished apart from the last question. Apart from their house in London, they al

8、so have one in Spain. 19. make sense 讲的通,有意义 This sentence makes no sense. 20. at times 有时 He can be really bad-tempered at times. 21. fix v. 使固定,安装；修理 fix sth. on/upon sth. 集中（留意力,目光,思想等）于 上 fix the blackboard on the wall The car won t start. Can you fix it. 22.spin v. （使）快速旋转spinning-spun-spun spi

9、n the ball The ball is spinning. 23. enthusiastic adj. 热心的,热忱的 +about an enthusiastic supporter She is less enthusiastic about going to Spain. 24. reject v. 拒绝 25. construct v. 建设 construction n. 建设 under construction Unit 2 1. consist of 由 组成,构成 The UK consists of the Great Britain and Northern Ire

10、land. The Great Britain and Northern Ireland made up the United Kingdom. 2. divide v. 分割（原先是一个整体）separate v. 分割（原先不是一个整体,组合在一起,再分开）The students in this class are divided into 3 groups. 3. clarify v. 澄清,阐明 The government has again and again clarified its position on equal pay for wumen. 名师归纳总结 - - -

11、- - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - clarification n. 4. accomplish v. 完成,实现 We ve accomplished all that we planned to do. 5. conflict n. 冲突,争执,争辩 The two parties have been in conflict since the election. a conflict between two cultures John often comes into conflict with his boss. She found

12、herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 6. unwilling adj. 不情愿的 He is unwilling to pay the rent. 7. break away from 逃脱,逃离 The American southern states wanted to break from the union. 8. to one s credit 值得颂扬,给 带来荣誉 It is greatly to his credit that John gave back the money he found

13、. To his credit, John gave back the money he found. 9. convenience n. 便利,便利（的事物）We bought this house for its convenience. for the sake of convenience 便利起见 at sb.s convenience 在 便利时 I keep my dictionary near my desk for convenience. Can you telephone me at your convenience. convenient adj. 便利的,便利的 Wi

14、ll it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow. 10. nationwide adj./adv. 全国性的,全国范畴的 His speech will broadcast nationwide. 11. leave out 遗漏,漏掉 You ve left out the most important point in the meeting. 12. arrange v. 支配,筹备 We ve got to arrange how to get to the airport. We arranged for a car to col

15、lect you from the airport. Have you arranged to meet him. 13. delight n. 兴奋,欢乐（的事）v. 使兴奋 the delights of living in the countryside to one s delight delighted adj. 兴奋的,开心的 +with/at/by delightful adj. 令人开心的 I was delighted with my presents I was delighted to be invited to the party. I was delighted at

16、 the news of their wedding. 14. thrill Cn. 兴奋,兴奋,令人兴奋的经受 Winning the first place must be a thrill. We re thrilled to hear from the famous writer. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit 3 1. aspect Cn. 方面,层面 Weather can affect every aspect of our life. 2. impression Cn 印象,感想 Wh

17、at were your first impressions of Beijing. His behaviour gave her a good impression. The book made/had/left a deep impression on him. impress v. 使 印象深刻 The book impressed a lot of people. He impressed her with his honesty. 3. take up 开头从事；接受；占用,占据 John took up acting while he was at college, I d lik

18、e to take up your offer of a drink. The table takes up too much room. 4. unsettled adj. 不冷静的,担心的 5. uncertain adj. 无把握的,愁闷的 He was uncertain about what to do next. I m still uncertain of my feelings for her. 6. opening n. 孔,洞,缺口；开端,开头；开幕式,落成典礼 We can see the stars through the opening in the roof. Th

19、e movie has an exciting opening. the opening of the Olympic Games 7. sideways adv. 侧着,侧面朝前；往、向、从 一侧 She sat sideways on the chair. He looked sideways at her. 8. surroundings pl. 环境,四周的事物 surrounding adj. 四周的,邻近的 9. tolerate v. 容忍,忍耐 =put up with She can no longer tolerate the situation she is in. 10

20、. hit v. 使 受损害、缺失,对 有不利影响,打击 a town hit by violent earthquakes 缺乏,不足 11. lack v./n. I lack the courage to do it. He can t enter the university because of lack of money. 12. adjust v. 调整,调剂,适应,习惯 +to He adjust himself quickly to the heat of the countrt. adjustment n. make adjustment to 13. fasten v.

21、系牢,扣住 unfasten v. 解开 14. sweep up 打扫,清扫 After all the guests had left, we swept up all the mess. 15. flash v. （使）闪烁,闪光名师归纳总结 16. switch n. 开关v. +on/off=turn on/off 第 4 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 17. slide v. 滑行,滑动；快捷而悄声地移动slid-slid n. 滑梯 18. instant n. 瞬时,片刻；某一时刻 adj. 立刻的,马上的；速溶的,

22、速食的,便利的 I ll be back in an instant. Come here this instant. The show was an instant success. instant coffee instant noodles the instant conj. 一 就I recognized her the instant I saw her. 19. dispose vi. 去掉,清除,销毁 +ofI want to dispose of my old car before I buy a new one. My old car will be disposed of

23、before I buy a new one. disposal n. 去掉,清除,处理 20. greedy adj. 贪婪的,贪吃的,希望的 +for 21. recycle vt. 回收利用,再利用 The envelope is made from the recycled paper. Denmark recycles 85% of its paper. 22. manufacturing Un. 制造业 manufacture vt. 大量生产,成批制造 They manufacture televisions in the factory. 23. representative

24、n. 代表 adj. 典型的,有代表性的 a representative of UN Unit 4 1. occupation Cn. 工作,职业 Please state your name, age and occupation. occupy v. 侵占,占据,占据；占用,使用（空间或时间）The capital has been occupied by the rebel army. The bed seems to occupy most of the room. He occupies the house without paying any rent. 2. photograp

25、her n. 摄影师 photograph n. 照片 take a photograph of a colour photograph a black-and-white photograph photography Un. 摄影,照相术 3. involve v. 涉及,牵涉,牵连,影响 +sb. in sth. What does your job involve. involved adj. 参与,作为一部分,有关联 +in be involved in politics 4. delighted adj. 兴奋的,开心的；居住,使用（房屋或建筑）名师归纳总结 - - - - - -

26、-第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Sandy will be delighted to see you. I m delighted that you could stay. She was delighted with her new home. I m delighted at/by the result 5. admirable adj. 值得颂扬的,令人敬佩的 admire v. 敬佩,仰慕,观赏 admire the moon Lisa was much admired for sticking to her principles. 6. a

27、ssistant n. 助手,助理 assist v. 帮忙,救济,帮助 assist sb. with/in sth. assist sb. in doing sth. We ll assist you in finding somewhere to live. Some guests assisted me with the preparation of the food. 7. cover v. 报导；掩盖；掩盖；足够支付；行走,走过 Tom will cover the story with the little girl. The road was covered with snow

28、. She laughed to cover her worry. Is the money enough to cover the cost of a new shirt. She covered 1000m in less than 4 minutes. 8. submit v. 提交,呈递 +sth. to sb. submitted-sbumitted submit an application to the manger +for sth. /to do sth. 9. eager adj. 希望的 I was eager to get back to work. He is eag

29、er for his parents support. 10. concentrate vi. 集中留意力,全神贯注 +onvt. 集中留意力于+sth. onAlice found it difficult to concentrate. Be quiet let me concentrate on my homework. concentration n. 11. update v. 更新,使现代化 These files need updating. 12. acquire v. 获得,得到,购得 The land was acquired by the city for 21 mill

30、ion dollars. She has acquired a good knowledge of English. 13. have a nose for 发觉、辨别事物的才能；嗅觉 As a journalist, she always has a nose for good stories. 14. assess v. 评判,评定 There are various measures of assessing students performance. assessment n. 15. inform v. 通知,知会,告知 Please inform us of/about any c

31、hanges of your address. I regret to inform you that your application has been rejected. 名师归纳总结 16. deadline Cn. 截止日期,最终期限+for 第 6 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The deadline for application is May 22 nd. 17. meanwhile adv. 期间,同时 =meantime My mother went shopping. Meanwhile I cleaned t

32、he house. 18. depend on 取决于；依靠,依靠 It depends. 不肯定 19. case n. 情形,事例；案件,案例；病例 in this case in some cases a murder case There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa. 20. accuse v. 控告,声讨,控诉 +sb. of doing sth. Smith accused her of lying. 21. deliberately adv. 有意地 I think she is deliberately avoidi

33、ng me. 22. so as to 为了,以便（不用于句首）in order to 为了,以便 so that=in order that 为了,一遍 +从句 23. deny v. 否认,否定 deny the accusation He denied attempting to kill the cat. 24. skeptical adj. 怀疑的 I m extremely skeptical about/of what I read on the book. 25. be supposed to do 应当,应当 We re supposed to check out by 11

34、:00 26. guilty adj. 有罪的,犯罪的+of ；感到内疚的,感到惭愧的+about The jury found her guilty of murder. I feel really guilty about not visiting my parents very often. 27. dilemma n. 进退两难的困境,窘境 in a dilemma 28. demand v. 剧烈要求 She demanded an immediate explanation. I demand to know what is going on. They demanded that

35、 the government free all the prisoners. 29. edition n. 版本,版次 The textbook is now in its fourth edition. 30. ahead of （空间或时间）在 之前 There are 4 people ahead of me at the doctors. 31. department n. 部门,司,局,处,科,系 the government department the English department 32. accurate adj. 精确的,精确的 a highly accurate

36、electronic compass 33. senior adj.（级别或位置）高的 +to sb. a senior officer 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - We work in the same team, but she is senior to me. 34. polish v. 擦亮,磨光；润色,修改 polish your shoes Your essay is good. You just need to polish it a bit. 35. chief adj. 首席的,最高级别的,

37、主要的,首要的 n. 首领,头目 pl. chiefs the chief reason the chief problem a police chief 36. approve vt. 批准,通过 vi. 赞成,同意 +of The meeting approved the suggestion for setting up a supermarket in school. He doesn t approve of my leaving school this year. 37. process v. 处理,加工；批阅,审核 n. 过程,进程 Most of the food we buy

38、 is processed in some way. It will take a week for your application to be processed. We are in the process of selling our house. Unit 5 1. aid Un. 支持,救助,帮忙Cn. 帮助工具或设备,有助之物v. 帮忙,救济 +sb. in/with sth. / +sb. in doing sth. come/go to one s aid 救济某人 with the aid of 在 的帮忙下 in aid of 以支援、帮忙They collect mon

39、ey in aid of the sick He was able to find the museum with the aid of a map. She came quickly to his aid. a hearing aid 助听器 teaching aids 教具 We aid him in rising money. 2. injure v. 使 受伤,弄伤,损害 She was badly injured in the accident. injury n. 损害,损害 +to He suffered serious injury to his arms and legs 3

40、. bleed v. 流血,出血bled-bled He bled to death. blood n. 血液 bloody adj. 血淋淋的 4. choke v. （使）窒息, （使）呼吸困难 She choked with laughter. He almost choked to death on a fish bone. The smoke almost choked me. 5. sprain v. 扭伤名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I have sprained my ankle. 6. bar

41、rier n. 障碍物,障碍,隔阂 Please show your ticket at the barrier before you board the train. Poor health may be a barrier to health. 7. prison n. 毒,毒药,毒物 v. 投毒,放毒,毒死 Someone wanted to prison my dog. Someone wanted to prison my dog s food. 8. treatment Un. 对待,待遇；处理,治疗 Cn. 疗法 +for The workers received good tr

42、eatment from the government. They are trying a new treatment for cancer. 9. variety Un. 变化,多样化 Cn. 各种各样的事物 She didn t like the work because it lack of variety. Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons vary v. 出现不同 +in ；转变,变动,变化 The fish vary in weight from 3 pounds to 5 pounds. Pr

43、ices vary with the seasons. The weather varies from very cold to quite mild. various adj. 各种各样的 10. mild adj. 稍微的,不严峻的；温顺的,温厚的 Edward suffered a mild heart attack. mildly adv. She spoke mildly to me. 11. heal 使 复原健康,治愈 Time heals all the sorrows. He was healed of his sickness. 12. electric adj. 用电的,

44、发电的,通电的,带电的 electrical adj. 与电有关的 electronic adj. 电子的 electrical equipment electrical engineer 13. swell v. 肿胀,膨胀swelled-swelled/swollen His ankle swelled after the fall. swollen adj. 肿的,肿胀的 14. squeeze v. 压,挤,捏,榨 He squeezed out the wet sponge Squeeze the juice out of a lemon. 15. in place 在适当的位置,预

45、备好投入使用 As soon as all the chairs are in place, we can let people in. The new regulations are now in place. out of place 不在适当的位置上名师归纳总结 16. vital adj. 极其重要的,特别必需的+to/for 第 9 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Your support is vital for the success of my plan. The heart is a vital organ. 17. present v. 颁发,授予,赠送 When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented a gold watch to him. When Mr. Brown