2022年高考英语易错题解题方法大全阅读理解.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高考英语易错题解题方法大全：阅读懂得【示例 1】Edward Wilson is Americaif not the world leading naturalist. In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the worlds natural resources 资源 . How are they used. What has been lost. What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use

2、. Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity 生物多样性 of our earth. Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment 环境 protection Henry David Thoreau. He compares today Walden Pond with that of Thoreau day. Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the b

3、ook. The problem is clean: man has done great damage to his home over the years. Can the earth, with human help, be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future. Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today. Even our a

4、gricultural crops can gain advantages from it. A mere hundred species 物种 are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the nat

5、ural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas. At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment. If you are to continue to live on the earth, you may well read and act on the ideas. 72. We learn from the text that Wilson cares most ab

6、out . A. the environment for plants B. the biodiversity of our earth C. the waste of natural resources D. the importance of human values 73.How many species are most important to our present food supply. A. Twenty. B. Eighty C. One hundred. . D. Ten thousand. 74.Wilson suggests that one way to keep

7、biodiversity is to A. learn how to farm scientifically B. build homes for some dying species C. make it clear what to eat 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - D. use more species for food 75.We can infer that the text is . B. a research report A. a description of natural resource

8、s C. a book review D. an introduction to a scientist 参考答案及解析72. 【错解分析】典型错误 A. 错因分析没有抓住文章的重点 , 以次代主 , 以点代面 . 【解题指导】此题属于判定推理题 . 这类题要求同学在懂得文章中直接陈述的观点或描述的事实基础上,领会作者的弦外之意,得出符合作者意愿的结论,即作者没有在文章中明说的；要得出正确的推理仅以阅读材料为前题仍不够,仍必需结合自己应有的常识；此题的关键提示信息在第三段中的第一句话 . 【答案】此题的正确选项为 B. 73. 【错解分析】典型错误 D.错因分析是同学审题不细 . 【解题指导】

9、此题是细节懂得题 . 同学们在做此类试题时 , 可以采纳查读法 , 即带着问题寻找答案 , 同时要留意审题 . 【答案】此题的正确选项为 A.74. 【错解分析】典型错误 A. 错因分析信息错位 , 释意不清 . 【解题指导】此题是细节懂得题 . 属于间接辨认题 , 要正确地懂得文章中详细信息的含义 ,并用同义或是近义的形式复述出来 . 此题的选项依据为第三段的最终一句话 . 【答案】此题的正确选项为 D.75. 【错解分析】典型错误 A. 错因分析关键信息没有抓住 , 以点代面 . 【解题指导】此题是推理判定题 . 推理判定要依据文章中的信息来判定 , 不能依据自己的主观判定 , 也不能以点

10、代面 . 此题推断依据为文章开头部分的 The Future of Life 一书的基本内容 ,然后重点谈及 Biodiversity 的重要性 ,最终依据文章最终一段 ,由此可以判定出此题选 C 项.【答案】此题的正确选项为 C.【练习 1】WANG Hao and Wang Liqin, two of Chinas top table tennis players, both saw the World Table Tennis Championships as a chance to prove themselves. But there was only one champion 冠军

11、 and Wang Hao, 25, won it last Tuesday in Yokohama , Japan. Wang Hao, who won the mens doubles title with Chen Qi last Monday, played with spirit to 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - beat Wang Liqin 11-9, 13-11, 11-5, 11-9. Wang Hao said it was his mental toughness 心理稳固 that m

12、ade the difference. I was disappointed by my performances in past championships and the last two Olympic Games. But I have tried to pull myself together and prepared well. This is the result. Wang Hao said he has always understood the importance of physical training and technical skills. Now he know

13、s the need for mental preparation as well. Having two Olympic silvers had left him feeling bitter 痛楚的 . The bitterness perhaps explains why he has not always played at his best in the past. Ive come to understand that you can learn important lessons from failure, he said. Losing can build your chara

14、cter and make you a stronger player. His next goal, or dream, is to win the gold medal at the London Olympics in 2022. Liu Guoliang, head coach of Chinas table tennis team, sang the praises of Wang Haos victory. This is just the beginning of his rise, said Liu. Its the confidence-booster he needs to

15、 make further progress. 1. According to the passage, Wang Hao won _ gold medals in the World Table Tennis Championships in Yokohama, Japan. A. only one B. two C. three D. four 2. From Wang Hao, we can know the main reason for his beating Wang Liqin is _. A. his technical skills B. his physical train

16、ing C. his mental toughness D. his past experience 3. What is the next goal of Wang Hao. A. To win the title of the champion at the 2022 Olympics B. To beat Wang Liqin again C. To prove himself in the future competitions D. To win more golds in future 4. What can we learn from Wang Hao. A. Failure i

17、s the mother of success. B. Never give up until you succeed. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. A good beginning makes a good ending. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 参考答案及解析：1.【错解分析】典型错误 A. 错因分析没有全面地阅读文章,以点代面了；【解题指导】细节懂得题；依据文章第一段和其次段可知；此类题可以带着问题在文中采用查读法查找答案；【答案】此题的

18、正确选项为 B.2【错解分析】典型错误 A 或 B 或是 D；错因分析是没有抓住细节懂得题的重点,审题不细；由于题干中有一个 mainly. 【解题指导】细节懂得题；依据文章第三段中的第一句话可知；对于细节懂得题的选项的挑选,肯定要懂得题干,并防止以次代主；【答案】此题的正确选项为 C；3【错解分析】典型错误 D.错因分析审题不清,D项或许是 Wang Hao的远期目标,但是题干是 the next goal；【解题指导】 细节懂得题； 依据文章倒数其次段中的“ His next goal, or dream, is to win the gold medal at the London Ol

19、ympics in 2022. 可知；留意审题；【答案】此题的正确选项为 A；4【错解分析】典型错误 B 或 C.错因分析在于同学对文章的懂得不透彻；【解题指导】推理判定题；依据文章倒数其次段可知；推理判定题要仔细研读文章,依据文章中的内容来进行推理判定；【答案】此题的正确选项为 A；【示例 2】Dear Hamilton, We are fortunate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well. You are one of the people who keep the social temp

20、erature at such a comfortable setting. I dont know anyothe office who is better liked than you. You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees personal-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now an

21、d then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral and three graduation gifts. （葬礼） remembrance, four birthday gifts, 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - It s not only the collected-f

22、rom who are growing uncomfortable and poor, but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who dont know them outside the office, who wouldnrecognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives. This is basically a kind gesture and one that pe

23、ople think well of you for, but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in today ting. s office setThank you for understanding. 63. The underlined word “contributions” probably means _.A. money B. suggestions C. reports D. understanding 64. Hamilton is expected to _. A.

24、 show more kindness. B. discontinue the present practice C. quit being the organizer for gift giving D. know more about co- workers families65. This is basically a letter of _. A. apology B. sympathy C. appreciation D. dissatisfaction 参考答案63.【错解分析】典型错误 D.错因分析释不达意,胡乱推测 . 【解题指导】此题考查词义推测 . 对于词义的推测可以有很多

25、的方法 , 常见的方法是依据上下文所举例子来推测 . 此题就是依据文中的 In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼） remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts. 可推测出 contributions 的意思为 ”礼金 ,份子 ”.【答案】此题的正确选项为A.无视主题,以点带面.

26、64.【错解分析】典型错误A. 错因分析【解题指导】此题考查细节估计题. 对于细节估计的懂得要以文章的中心为依据并依据文章名师归纳总结 中的详细信息来估计, 做到有依据的选答案, 并且信息点肯定要找准, 防止张冠李戴. 此题挑选第 5 页,共 11 页依据为倒数其次段中的”but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in todays office setting.【答案】此题的正确选项为B.65.【错解分析】典型错误C. 错因分析无视主题,以点带面.- - - - - - -精选学习资料

27、- - - - - - - - - 【解题指导】此题考查主旨大意. 这类问题属于全局性问题；要做好这类问题必需找出文章中心思想句；把留意力放在阅读材料的开头和结尾,放在观点性、归纳性和概括性的句子上,放在被很多句子说明和证明的句子上；并留意由 in summary, in a word, as a result, finally, in short, in conclusion 和 in brief 等“ 信号词” 引导的句子；此题的答案依据为 feels improper in today s office setting. ,以及最终一句话 ,因此答案为 D 项 .D.【答案】此题的正确选

28、项为【练习 2】Have you ever used solar energy to boil a bottle of water or take a shower. Have you ever thought that solar energy is far away from our daily lives. You may doubt about that. In Japan, there is a wonderful program of Solar City. Solar City is located 80,000 meters northwest of Tokyo, among

29、the strawberry fields. This is one of Japans sunniest places. Solar City covers about 410,000 square metres. Seventy-five percent of the homes there are covered by solar panels. The government has provided people there with the solar panels for free. In addition, the government has paid 9.7 billion

30、yen to study how to make full use of solar energy. A number of solar energy companies have also given money to help this program. People living in Solar City think using solar panels is a good way to save money. However, saving money is not the only reason why people are moving into this city. We mo

31、ved here because of the panels. It was something we wanted,” said Mika Hiroshima. She moved to Solar City with her husband and two little children about four years ago. It is well known that Japan is a country that is short of energy, but the Solar City program has brought hope for the country. Peop

32、 le want solar energy,” said an official of Solar City. Actually in Solar City, there are 550 families making use of solar energy at the moment. All of them say that they want to keep using solar energy even after the program ends in 2022. In sunny days, solar panels are able to provide more than en

33、ough energy for a normal family. However, the solar panels are not that useful in cloudy days. Despite this, Solar City is still a wonderful program because it inspires people to wisely use the limited energy. 1. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. 名师归纳总结 A. test

34、the readers knowledge about solar energy 第 6 页,共 11 页B. draw the readers attention to the topic- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - C. learn the situation that solar energy is used D. invite the readers to answer them 2. The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about _. A. the reason why people

35、 are moving into Solar City B. how the people are living in Solar City C. the things that people living in Solar City need D. the life experience from the people living in Solar City 3. It can be inferred from the passage that _. A. Japan is a country which is lacking in energy B. the solar panels a

36、re only useful in sunny days C. the Solar City program will be successful D. Solar City is a very modern big city 参考答案及解析：1【错解分析】典型错误 A. 错因分析：信息错位,张冠李戴；题干是考查文章开头的写作目 的,而非全篇的写作目的；【解题指导】写作目的题；作者在文章开头提出问题让读者摸索,或是简洁介绍与主题有 关的其他事物,目的往往是为了引出主题 ,应选 B；【答案】此题的正确选项为 B；2【错解分析】典型错误 B. 错因分析是没有抓住文章段落的主题；【解题指导】主旨大意

37、题；从本段来看,第一句话说出,生活在太阳城使用太阳电池板省 钱；其次句话说出了,生活在太阳城不仅是为了省钱,仍为了太阳电池板；因此,可知答案 为 A；考查文章的段落大意,此时要留意段落的主题句,可位于段首,段尾或段落的中间,也 有的要从段中自己提取的；【答案】此题的正确选项为 A；3【错解分析】典型错误 A 或 B. 错因分析是没有把握试题的特点,推理判定题要从文中进行 推断,而不是文中的原话；【解题指导】推理判定题；依据文章的最终一段中的“ All of them say that they want to keep 名师归纳总结 using solar energy even after

38、the program ends in 2022.可知；此项目的目的达到了；因此,C 项第 7 页,共 11 页正确； D 项,可依据文中的“ Solar City covers about 410,000 square metres.知, Solar City 并不是一个大城市；A 、B 两项是文中的事实,而非推理；推理判定题分为简洁推理和复杂推理；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 所谓简洁推理就是以表面文字为前提,以详细事实为依据进行推理,做出判定；这种推理方 式比较直接,只要弄清事实,即可结合常识推断出合理的结论；而复杂推理就是不但要以文 字为依

39、据,而且仍要以文章的语境、内涵为前提；这是一种间接而复杂的规律推理方式；考 生要推断出文章没有说明但又合乎规律的推理,就必需由表及里地归纳或演绎；【答案】此题的正确选项为 C；【示例 3】People believes that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then. If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you re wrong. Many Americans are

40、 learning to climb in city gyms体育馆 . Here, people are learning on climbing. The climbing wall goes straight up and small holding places for hands and feet. How do people climb the wall. To climb, you need special shoes and 爱护带 around your chest to hold you. There are ropes 绳索 tied to your. The ropes

41、 hold you in place so that you donfall. A beginnerwall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for y ou to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes its easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, its not. The most difficult is an your fea

42、r. Its normal for humafraid of falling, so its difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the w all, the and the ropes hold you, and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top. Climbing attracts people because it good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole

43、 body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger. 64. What can we infer from the passage. A. People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays. B. It is impossible to build up ones body by climbing.C

44、. People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors. D. It is always easy to see holding places in climbing. 65. The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is _. 名师归纳总结 A. to tie ropes to your B. to control your fear 第 8 页,共 11 页C. to move away from the wall D. to climb straight up 66. The w

45、ord “workout ” underlined in the last paragraph most probably means _.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. settlement B. exercise C. excitement D. tiredness 67. Why does the author write this passage. A. To tell people where to find gyms. B. To prove the basic need for climbing C. To encourage p

46、eople to climb mountains. D. introduce the sport of wall climbing 参考答案及解析：64.【错解分析】典型错误 D.错因分析片面懂得,没有从全文的角度去看问题；【解题指导】推理判定题 . 在解答推理性问题时,应清晰所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断, 仍是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断；此题属于从文章的主题进行的推论,因此 从文章的第一段 , 第三段的首句可简洁推知答案 .【答案】此题的正确选项为 A.65.【错解分析】典型错误 D.错因分析是脱离文章,而主观判定试题的答案；【解题指导】 细节懂得题 . 从其次段倒数第三句”It s normal for human