2022年高考英语第一轮复习专项教案.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit 1 A land of diversity 教 材 面 面 观单词拓展的1._adj.清楚的；明显的；明确然_adv. 清楚 地 ；显_adj.区分性的；有特色的；与众不 同的_n差别；区分；卓著 2 _n 大 多 数 ； 大 半 _adj.较多的；较大的；主要的 3_n苦难；困苦 4 _vt.挑选；打算做某事；选 择某人 _adj.选任的；由选举产生 的 _n选举；当选5 _adj. 人 种 的 ； 种 族 的 _n人种；种族；竞赛；竞赛 6_n人口,贸易的 富强 vi. 处于经济快速进展时期 _adj.快速 进展的7_n申请人 _

2、n请 求；申请；适应；运用 _v申请；适用；应用8_n社会主义者；社会党人名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - adj.社会主义的_n社会主义9_vi.发生；出现_n发生；显现； 偶发 大事示10_vt.指出；标示；说明；暗 _adj. 指 示 的 ； 预 示 的_n指示者；指示物 示,指出；象征；示意；迹象_n指11 _vt. & vi. 刮 ； 剃_adj.修过面的；修剪过的12_adj.显而易见的；明显的；表面上的 _adv.明显地；显而易见地13_vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n滑动；滑倒 _n拖鞋 _adj.滑的；

3、使人滑跤的14_vt. & vi.哀悼；悼念；表示 悲 痛 _adj. 悲 哀 的 ； 哀 痛 的_n哀痛；哀悼15_vt. & v i.改革；革新 n改革；改造；改良 _n改革者；革新者 _n改革；革新短语回忆名师归纳总结 生存1.live_连续存在；连续第 2 页,共 40 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2 by_of. 助 用 方法；借3keep_ 坚持；维护；沿袭 风 俗、传统等 4_up with 起工作与 合作或一线5mark_ 划线；标出 界6take_ 包括；吸取7a great/good_ 很多；很多 8in_ 另外9_ones

4、 dream 实现理想 10_the view 观赏风景 句型背诵1.,_ _people from all over the world. ,吸引了来自世界各地 的人们；2Exactly when the first people arrived in_we now know as California ,no one really knows. 没有人真正知道, 第一批开拓者到达我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的准确时间；名师归纳总结 3_ _ 第 3 页,共 40 页_California elected to become the - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - -

5、 - - - thirty- first federal state of the USA in 1850,it was already a multicultural society. 到 1850 年加利福尼亚成为美国第 31 个 州的时候, 它已经是一个有着多元文化的社 会了；自我诊断 单词拓展1 distinct； distinctly； distinctive；distinction2.majority ；major3.hardship4.elect；elective；election 6 boom ； booming5.racial；race 7.applicant ；applic

6、ation； apply 8.socialist； socialism9.occur ；occurrence 10.indicate ；indicative；indicator；indication 11.shave；shaven 12.apparent；apparently 13.slip；slipper； slippery14.mourn；mournful ；名师归纳总结 mourning15.reform；reformer；第 4 页,共 40 页reformation 短语回忆1on2.means3.up4.team5.out6.in7.many8.addition9.achieve1

7、0.admire 句型背诵1having attracted2.what3.By the time - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 考 点 串 串 讲 重点单词 1.applicant n恳求者；申请者 Heres a job applicant with an excellent track record. 这里有个表现记录优良的申请者；In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作 的条件；loan applicant 申请借款人

8、 归纳延长 apply v涂,敷；应用；将 铺在表 面；实施；适用；申请 application n申请；要求；完成；坚 持,勤奋；运用；适用 application form 申请表 applied adj.有用的；应用的 即境活用 单项填空 He has applied _ a post in 名师归纳总结 England. 第 5 页,共 40 页This rule can not be applied _ every case. He applied himself _ - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - learning French. Afo

9、r Bto Cof Dat B答案： AB2majority n 多数, 大多数, 过半数；多得的票数；多数党,多数派；成人 The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 多数人喜爱电视赛过广播；The Tory candidate held the seat ,but with a greatly reduced majority. 保守党的候选人保住了席位,然而在得 票上所占的优势却大为减小；He won by a majority of two ：the vote was seven to five. 他以多出两票获胜：票是七比五；

10、律成人；成年 用法拓展n.U majority 反义词 minority n少数,少 数民族,未成年major n主修； v.主修； adj.主要的,主修的,成年的 She majored in maths and physics at university. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 她在高校期间主修数学和物理；Her major is French. 她的主修科目是法语；即境活用 完成句子 赞成我们的居少数；我们成了少数 派；Were_ ； more people are against us than

11、 with us. 在英国,情形同样是严肃的,但是有 一个很大的区分；In Britain the situation was equally grim,but with one_difference. 答案： in the minority major 3indicate vt.指出；标示；说明；示意 I asked him where the new school was and he indicated the road ahead. 我问他新的学校在哪里,他指给我前面 那条路；The black clouds indicate that it will rain soon. 乌云说明很

12、快就要下雨了； 用法拓展 作“ 指示；指出” 讲时,后面常常接名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名词；作“ 说明；象征” 讲时,后面可以接 名 词 或 宾 语 从 句 , 即 “ indicate n./that.” ；indication n示意；表示；预兆 The arrow indicates the way to the park. 那个箭头指示到公园的方向；Snow indicates the coming of winter. 雪象征着冬天的来到；A red sky at night indicates

13、 that the following day will be fine. 晚上天涯红表示其次每天气好；Therere indications that the weather is changing. 有些预兆显示天气要变了； 易混辨析indicate,point out 和 show 三者的共同意思是“ 说明；表示” ；indicate 常用于无意识的行为,而 point out 都用于有意识的行为,用于一眼就可以看清的东西；show 和 show通常The sign indicates that smoking is not allowed here. 这个标志指示,不许在这里吸烟；名师

14、归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - He pointed out the way to the nearest hospital for me. 他给我指了指去最近的医院的路；He never shows his feelings. 他从不表露他的感情；即境活用 单项填空 A study_that women find it more difficult to give up smoking than men. Adirects Bindicates Cinfluences Dguides 答案： B 4hire vt.

15、&n. 雇用；租用They usually hire students to do the cleaning and the washing. 他们常常雇用同学来做清洁和清洗工 作； 用法拓展be in the hire of sb.为某人所雇用 work for hire 当雇工 a hired farmhand 雇农 For Hire 空车 出租车的标示 in ones employ/in the employ of sb. 替 某人工作；为某人所雇用名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - employ sb. as

16、.雇用某人为 employ sb. to do sth.雇用某人干某事 How long has she been in your employ/hireemployed/hired by you. 你雇用她多长时间了？We employ her as an adviser. 我们雇用她为顾问；We have been employed to look at ways of reducing waste. 我们被聘请来调查削减废物的方法； 易混辨析employ,hire,engage和 rent employ 正式用词,侧重受雇者虽为 薪金而工作,但工作固定并享有相当尊严；hire 一般用词,

17、 常指短期或长期雇用 某人从事某一特定工作或一次性的工作,含 强调为薪金而工作的意味；engage 可与 hire 换用,特指雇用专 业人员；rent 指“ 较长期地租用或租出 房屋、土地等 ” ；She hasnt been employed has not had a jobfor six months now. 她现在已半年没有工作了；The fruit is picked by hired laborers. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这些水果是由雇佣工采摘的；We want to engage

18、a new secretary. 我们想聘请一位新秘书；Is that your own computer ,or do you rent it. 这电脑是你自己的,仍是租来的？即境活用单项填空When harvest season comes, more farmhands will be_to pick up the apples. Aoccurred Bhelped Crented 答案： D Dhired 5reform vt.&n. 改革；革新；改造；改良We are going to reform this law. 我们即将改革这个法律；Our society needs ref

19、orm. 我们的社会正需要改革； 用法拓展reform 表示“ 改革； 改善” 时, 是及物动词,一般在其后直接接宾语；仍可以作不及物动词,表示“ 改过自新” ；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 习语：reforms in the school system教育制度改革They tried to reform society. 他们尝试要改造社会；The boy promised to reform ifhe isgiven another chance. 那个男孩答应假如给他机会,他将改过自新；即境活用单项填空

20、We had to_the former committee, so that it could work more efficiently. Areview Brefuse Creturn Dreform 答案： D 重点短语1.occur to 想起；想到It occurred to me to visit my teacher. 我想到要去看看我的老师；It never occurred to me that he might be in trouble. 我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦；It didnt occur to him that she would refuse his inv

21、itation. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请； 归纳延长 occur v 发生； vi.显现,存在,发生 Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. 这一地区常常发生地震； 易混辨析 happen, chance, occur与 take place 四个词都含“ 发生” 的意思 happen 为常用词语,指“ 一切客观事 物或情形的偶然或未能预见地发生” ；The accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天

22、；chance指“ 偶然发生” 、“ 碰巧” ；He chanced to meet her. 他偶然遇见了她；occur 属正式用语,指“ 按方案使某事 或成效发生” , 通常所指的时间和大事都比 较确定,在以具体事物、大事作主语时,可 与 happen 互换；These events occurred in 1909. 这些大事发生于 1909 年；take place 指“ 发生事先方案或预想到 的事物” ；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - planned. 按方案会议在八点举办了；即境活用单项填空I _

23、to sit by her in the cinema. Didnt it _ to you that he was lying. The fete will _ on Sunday, rain or shine. AhappenedBoccur Ctake place Dcome about 答案： A B C2make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等They went to the West and decided to make a life there. 他们去了西部地区,决心去适应新生活； 用法拓展1come to life 突然清醒；突然开头工作；突然变得活跃2live/

24、lead a.life 过着 生活3come back to life 清醒过来,复原生名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 气4full of life 布满愤怒 5make/earn a/ones living 谋生 6start/make a new life 开头新生活 He earned/make a/his living by selling vegetables. 他靠卖菜为生；The rescue team brought the baby back to life. 救援队使婴儿清醒过来了；即境活用

25、单项填空In my opinion, it is not so helpful to give someone some bread as it is to teach him how to _. Amake sense Bmake progress Cmake a life 答案： CDmake his way 3mark out 划线,标出 界线；显 示或注定 某人 可能胜利；勾销；指定；制 订出；选出 用法拓展名师归纳总结 某物1mark sb. out for sth.挑选某人接受第 15 页,共 40 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2m

26、ark down 登记；减价；给低分 3mark off 用界线隔开,划分开 4mark up 涨价；提高；标记 5be marked with. 用 做上记号 6make a mark 做记号 They marked out the tennis court with white paint. 他们用白漆划出网球场；His qualities mark him out as a born leader. 他的品质显示出他是一个天生的领导；These winter coats have been marked down from 45 to 35. 这些冬天穿的外套从 45 英镑减到 35 英

27、镑；She was careful to mark her place before she shut the book. 在合上书以前, 她认真地在终止阅读之处做了记号；即境活用单项填空Many streets in this city have been _ for extension. Astretched out Bmarked out Cleft out Dstood out 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 答案： B4a good/great many 很多 修饰可数名词 There are a g

28、ood many people in the hall. 大厅里有很多人；Ive had a good many disappointments in my time. 我一生中经受了很多令人扫兴的事； 用法拓展修饰可数名词和修饰不行数名词的分别有哪些？1只能修饰可数名词的有：many,many an,a good/great many,agreat/largenumber of ,scores of,dozens of 等；I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了；Many a student hasmany students havevis

29、ited the Great Wall. 很多同学已经参观过长城；谓语动词 用单数 2只能修饰不行数名词的有：much,a great deal of,a great/large 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - amount of 等；He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做；3既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不行数名词的有：a lot of,lots of,plenty of以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依 of 后的名词的单复数而定 ,a great/

30、large quantity of 其谓语用单数,quantities of其后谓语用复数 ；A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花；There is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里仍有很多雪；即境活用单项填空Great quantites of sand_washed down the hillside by the rain. Awas Bwere Chas been Dis 答案： B 5by means of以 ,借着 Thoughts can also be

31、 expressed by 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - means of music. 思想也可以借音乐来表达；Finish it by all means. 无论如何都要完成它；Can I borrow your car. By all means. 我能借你的车吗？ 当然可以； 用法拓展by this means用这种方法by means of通过,用,借助于by no means决不,一点也不by all means 务必、不惜一切地；用于交际英语表示同意当然可以,没问题Every possible

32、means has been tried,but none worked. All possible means have been tried,but none worked. 各种可能的方法都尝试了,奏效；但没有一种You can do it by this means. 你可以用这种方法去做；Try by all means to save the dying. 肯定要尽力抢救那个垂危的人；The game is by no means over. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 竞赛根本没有终止； 易混

33、辨析means,way,method 和 approach by means of 与其他相像短语 in this way, with the method 的搭配不同means 指为达到某个目的或产生某种 结 果 而 采 用 的 方 法 、 手 段 ； meansofdoingsth. way 是最一般、最常用的词,可以指一切“ 方法；方法” ；常见搭配：wayofdoingsth.或 way to do sth. approach 方 法 , 途 径 的 搭 配approachtodoingsth. method 是指理论的或系统的方法,有时是针对某个具体问题而采纳的特别方法；This m

34、oney was not earned by honest means. 这笔钱来路不正；She showed them the way to do it. 她向他们示范做这件事的方法；She has a very scientific method of dealing with political problems. 她处理政治问题的方法很科学； 温馨提示名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - means作为一个单复数同形的名词,常与主谓一样结合起来进行考查；要留意当means作主语且有 every,each,on

35、e 等词修 饰时,谓语动词用单数；有 some,several,many,few 等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数；means 的另一个考查点是它的习惯搭配；by no means放在句首时,句子用部分倒装语序；By no means am I satisfied with my present income. 我对目前的收入一点也不中意；即境活用单项填空Sometimes, even well-known stars have their appearance improved at a beauty salon. _！Shall I give you a bit of fashion advic

36、e. AThats great BNot really CMake it clear 答案： DDBy all means 6take in 包括；吸取 用法拓展名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - take in 的主要意思有：拿进 反义词： take out 收容；接待同义词： receive 承揽活在家做 包括 同义词： include 懂得；吸取同义词： understand,absorb 改小反义词： let out 放大欺诈,蒙骗同义词： cheat Please take in the washing,

37、if it rains. 假如下雨,请把洗的衣服收进来；The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger. 这位好心的老太太主动收容那位可怜的无家可归的生疏人；The poor widow earns money by taking in washing. 那位可怜的寡妇在家里替人洗衣服度日；The tour takes in some famous old castles. 这趟观光旅行包括参观如干闻名的古堡；It took me a long time to take in what you were sayin

38、g. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 22 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 我花了很长时间懂得你说的话；Can you take in this dress for me ？Its too loose round the waist. 你能把这件衣服改小一下吗？腰部太肥；The salesmen have taken in the old people and lamed them buy their poor quality goods. 那些售货员欺诈老人,让他们购买劣质的物品； 用法拓展take 是一个特别活跃的动词,组有：常见的词take

39、in 收留；领悟；懂得；欺诈 take partin 参与 take back 收回；使回想起 take off 脱下；起飞；开头胜利 take for 认为；误认为 take.as.把 懂得为 /当作 take over 接管,接任 take out 带 出去 take apart 拆开 take the lead 领先 take after 与 相像名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 23 页,共 40 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - take on 开头雇佣；出现 take down 取下；登记；拆卸 take place 发生 take a seat 坐下

40、take a chanceon sth.冒险,碰运气 take chances冒险 take charge of 掌管,负责 You should never take chances when crossing the street. 过公路时决不应冒险；即境活用单项填空The woman was_by the business mans offer of marriage and stupidly gave him most of her money. Ataken on Btaken in Ctaken off Dtaken out However,at times this balance in nature is disturbed,_a number of possibly unforeseen effects. Alying in Bcalling in Ctaking in 答